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24 published in Paris; and finally the 'Supplement et Complément' to the 'Biographie Universelle des Musiciens' of Fétis, a work of great extent and industry, and containing a mass of new names and information (2 vols. 8vo, Paris 1878–80). [App. p.751 "Add the most important of his later works, a 'Life of Verdi,' published first in Italian, 1881, and translated by J. E. Matthew, 1887."] [ G. C. ]

POWELL, born at Oxford in 1697 was on July 1, 1704 admitted a chorister of Magdalen College. In 1714 he was appointed a clerk in the same college. On April 16, 1718 he was elected Yeoman Bedell of Divinity and on Jan. 26, 1732 Esquire Bedell of the same faculty. He was also a member of the choirs of Christ Church and St. John's Colleges. In July 1733 he sang in the oratorios given by Handel during his visit to Oxford, and later in the year at the Meeting of the Three Choirs at Gloucester. He is said, but erroneously, to have been afterwards appointed a gentleman of the Chapel Royal. His voice (countertenor) and singing were greatly admired. He died Nov. 6, 1744, and was buried at St. Peter's in the East, Oxford. [ W. H. H. ]

PRACTICAL HARMONY,. The title of a treatise, and collection of pieces by masters of different schools, edited and arranged by Muzio Clementi, in 4 volumes, oblong quarto. The original title is 'Clementi's Selection of Practical Harmony, for the Organ or Piano Forte; containing Voluntaries, Fugues, Canons and other Ingenious Pieces. By the most eminent composers. To which is prefixed an Epitome of Counterpoint by the Editor. (Here follow 5 lines from Paradise Lost, Bk. xi). London printed by Clementi, Banger, Hyde, Collard & Davis, No. 26 Cheapside.' The price of each volume was one guinea. Vols. 1 and 2 alone are in the British Museum [App. p.751 "all the volumes"]. The following is a complete catalogue of the contents.

[ J. A. F. M. ]

PRAEGER,, son of Heinrich Aloys Praeger, violinist, composer, and capellmeister, was born at Leipzig, Jan. 22, 1815. His musical gifts developed themselves very early; at nine he played the cello with ability, but was diverted from that instrument to the piano by the advice of Hummel. At sixteen he established himself as teacher at the Hague, meanwhile strenuously maintaining his practice of the piano, violin, and composition. In 1834 he settled in London, where he still resides, a well-known and much esteemed teacher. But though living in London Mr. Praeger has not broken his connexion with the Continent: he is still correspondent of the 'Neue Zeitschrift für Musik,' a post for which he was selected by Schumann himself in 1842. In Jan. 1851 he gave a recital in Paris of his own compositions with success; in 1852 he played at the Gewandhaus, Leipzig, and at Berlin, Hamburg, etc.; and later, in 1867, a new PF. trio of his was selected by the United German Musicians, and performed at their festival at Meiningen. He has always been an enthusiast for Wagner, and it was partly owing to his endeavours that Wagner was engaged to conduct the Philharmonic Concerts in 1855. He is beloved by his numerous pupils, and a concert of his compositions was organised by them in his honour, on July 10, 1879, in London. An overture from his pen entitled 'Abellino' was played at the New Philharmonic Concerts of May 24, 1854, and July 4, 1855 (under Lindpaintner and Berlioz); and a Symphonic Prelude to Manfred at the Crystal Palace, April 17, 1880. A selection of his best pieces is published in 2 vols. under the title of the 'Praeger Album' (Kahnt, Leipzig). [ G. ]

PRÆNESTINUS. The Latinised form of the name of the great Italian composer, derived from he town of Prseneste, one of the most ancient cities of Italy, and now called Palestrina. 'Johannes Petrus Aloisius Prænestinus' answers to the Italian 'Giovanni Pier Luigi da Palestrina.' [ G. ]

PRÆTORIUS, or PRÄTORIUS. The assumed surname of more than one family of