Page:A Danish and Dano-Norwegian grammar.djvu/23

Rh as the English oo. The sound of o when long is in orthography represented by o, which letter when representing a long vowel generally denotes this sound; Ex.: stor large, Blod blood, god good, Sko shoe, Bro bridge (as for o with sound of long å see § 19).

22. The short sound of o is represented in orthography by o in the following cases: 1) in words formed by inflection, derivation or composition from a root word or form with long o; Ex.: nordisk Northern (from nor(d), Gods goods (from god good), (but godt neuter of god, pron. gåt); 2) in unstressed first syllables before a single consonant: Hotel, Koloni, brodere to embroider (also in Hospital, Osteri); 3) in the following words: Kost broom, ond bad, Onsdag Wednesday, Ost cheese, sort black, Torden thunder.

23. Otherwise the short sound of o is represented in common orthography by u, which sign when representing a short vowel usually indicates this sound (except in the cases stated in § 24); Ex.: Dug dew (but Dug table cloth with u'); smuk nice, Buk he-goat, lukke close, slukke extinguish, Hul hole, dum foolish, stum mute, Hummer lobster; unstressed in fordum formerly. Some words may be spelt with either u or o, the pronunciation in both cases being o; Ex.: Kunst and Konst art, Kummen and Kommen caraway, Kuffert and Koffert traveller's trunk.

24. u represents a sound similar to the English oo, but closer; Ex.: Hus house, bruge to use, ud out. A short sound of u, similar to English u in full, occurs in some cases: 1) in words derived from words or forms with long u or y; Ex.: brugt partc. of bruge to use, skudt partc. of skyde to shoot; 2) in unstressed syllables; Ex. : ugjörlig impossible, Musik, Uniform; 3) when u is followed by ld, lt or sk; Ex.: fuld full, Guld gold, sulte to starve, fuske to bungle; 4) in the words: Krudt gunpowder, Lut lute, lurvet shabby, and some others (about u in other cases representing the sound of o see § 23).

25. ø has a sound like French eu in peu; the English