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and was ennobled as Prince. Three years afterwards he accompanied his father into banishment at Eao-chon in Eansuh, and on the latter*s death he was recalled to Peking as Grand Tntor. In 1350 he again became a Minister of State, and with the help of ^ ^ Ghia La closed the long-open breach of the Yellow River in five months. In the following year his brother failed against the rebel ^ ^ ^ Lin Fa-t'nng, and T'o-Vo pnnished twelve Censors who demanded his d^radation. In 1352 he defeated the rebels and captured the stronghold of HsU-chon in Kiangsn by means of powerful ballistae. Owing to the machinations of a rival his campaign against the rebel Chang Shih-ch^6ng was inter- rupted by a Decree stripping him of all his dignities, and in 1355 he was banished to Yunnan where he was poisoned. In 1363 his reputation was vindicated and his rank and titles were restored. He was chief editor of the History of the Sung Dynasty, of the History of the Kitan Tartars, and of the History of the Chin^ Tartars, The first is said to abound in error; the second was a troublesome task owing to the destruction of all the necessary records; only in the third is he held to have achieved success. Toba Chlin |5 ^^. Died A.D. 466. Grandson of Toba Tao, 1946 whom he succeeded in 452 as fourth Emperor of the Northern Wei dynasty. His reign was uneventful, and the country, which had. been exhausted by the foreign wars of his predecessors, regained its prosperity. Canonised as ^ ^ ^ J^ •j^.

Toba Ho-nu |5 ^ ^ #. Died A.D. 338. Successor to Toba 1946 I-lu, whose throne he usurped during the confusion which prevailed after the death of the latter in 316.

Toba Hung :^^5/|. Died A.D. 476. Son of Toba ChUn, 1947 whom he succeeded in 466, at the age of twelve, as fifth Emperor of the Northern Wei dynasty, under the regency of the Empress Dowager. Five years later he abdicated in favour of his son, and