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to be shortly afterwards re-instated. His declining years were clouded by ill-health, in the midst of which he found time to address to the Emperor a famous remonstrance against the folly of wasting precious time in hunting. In addition to his poetry, he left behind him a treatise on the great sacrifices to Heaven and Earth, as well as a short philological work based on the ^ ^ of Li Ssd, and known as f\j ^j^.

Ssu-ma I f) .^ ^ (T. >fltt jg). A.D. 178-251. A native of 1764 the ]^ WSn District of Honan, who distinguished himself as a bright, clever youth, and in 211 took service under the great Ts'ao Ts^ao. When the latter's son came to the throne as first Emperor of the Wei dynasty, he ennobled Ssii-ma as Marquis and placed him in command of the army, a post which he held for many years under three successive Emperors. He skilfully opposed even Ghu-ko Liang; and at length by constantly refusing battle, he so irritated that famous commander that the latter contemptuously sent him a present of a woman's headdress. He was canonised at his death as ^ ^, but when his ^andson Ssii-ma Yen came to the throne he canonised his grandfather as ^ ^ ^ . Ssu-ma I f) i^ ^ (T. ^ ^). A.D. 842-886. Seventh sovereign 17&5 of the E. Chin dynasty. He succeeded his childless elder brother, the Emperor Ai Ti, in 865. Huan W6n, who had sufiered a disastrous repulse in Honan in 868, but in 871 had recovered ^^ Shou- ch'un in Anhui in spite of the Ch4n and Ten States, deposed him in that year on a charge of grave disorders in the harem. He became Duke of j^ ^ Hai-hsi in Eiangsu, and is known in history as ^ ^.

Ssu-ma Kuang fj .B| 3fe (T. ^ if . H. jf/i ;jc). A.D. 1019- 1756

1086. A native of Hsia in Honan, who graduated as chin skih in 1088 and entered upon a public career. He rose rapidly to high office, and ultimately became a Minister of State. To the Emperor