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588 A Chinese Biographical DicHonaty Changking by surprise; and being appointed Governor by Hsfi, proceeded to capture Gb'fing-tu. On the murder of Ebtl, he declared his independence; and proclaimed himself ^H ^ ^ ruler of the whole of Sstich^uan. In 1363, after annexing Shensi and part of Tiinnan, he changed' his title to that of Emperor, taking ELsia as the style of his dynasty and basing many of his administratiye arrangements upon those of the ancient dynasty of that name. He allowed no Taoist or Buddhist worship except that of Maitr£ya Buddha. Frugal in his own life and a friend to learnings he gave the people peace and rest. He was succeeded by ^ :^ Ming ShSng, whose refusal to attend the Ming Court and resistance to is decrees led to the subjugation of Sstich*uan in 1371.

Ming Ytian Tl. See Toba Ssu.

Mo Chu. See Ch'eng Tien T'ai Hou.

Mo Hsi ^ ^. 18th cent. B.C. The favourite concubine of the tyrant Ghieh, to whom she was presented by the conquered chieftain of ^ Jl^ Yu-shih in modern Shantung. For her sake Chieh gave way to the wildest excesses; hence the fall of the Hsia dynasty was popularly said to be due to Mo Hsi.

Mo Ti ^ ^ or Mo Tzti ^ -^. 4th and 5th cent. B.C. A philosopher of the Sung State, who propounded a doctrine of universal love," in opposition to the "selfish" school of Tang Chu, as the proper foundation for organised society. He showed that under such a system all the calamities which men bring upon one another would altogether disappear, and that the peace and happiness of the Golden Age would be renewed. He was vigoroasly opposed by Mencius, who exhibited the unpractical aide of an otherwise fascinating doctrine.

Mo Ti. See (Wu) Sun Hao; (L. Liang) Chu Ytichen.

Mou I ^ ^, The fabled inventor of arrows, who flourished under the Yellow Emperor, B.C. 2698.