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Lu Shih-i (^ iJi: ^ (T. ^ jgt- H. t^ 4^). 17ih cent. A.D. A native of ^ ^ T^ai-ts'ang in Eiangsn. In bis yonth he devoted his energies to Buddhism and alchemy ; but he ultimately abandoned these for Confucianism, to which he gave thirty years of unremitting toil. Failing to obtain employment under the Mings, as soon as the Manchus came into power he resolutely refused all such offers, and became a public teacher of philosophy. He was the author of the J^ ^ ^, a work on the education of the mind from early childhood up to the attainment of wisdom. In 1874 his tablet was placed in the Confucian Temple.

Lu T'an-wei ^^^' 4th cent. A.D. An artist of Eiangsu, who delighted in drawing the sages and worthies of antiquity and was taken under the patronage of the Emperor Ming Ti of the Eastern Chin dynasty.

LuTien |^>fg (T. ^^16)- ^D. 1042-1102. A native of Chehkiang, of a poor family. He became first a disciple, and afterwards an opponent, of Wang An-shih. He rose to high o£Bce, and was distinguished as an author, especially by his works on Ceremonies.

Lu To-hstln j^ ^ ^. Died A.D. 986. A native of Ho-nei in Honan, who graduated as chin shih in 955, and rose by 979 to be President of the Board of War. He was a very able man, but he managed to incur the hatred of Chao P'u and was banished, on the score of political intrigue, to Tai-chou in Euangtung, where he died.

Lu Ts'ang-yung ^^]^ (T. -^ f@ ). 7th and 8th cent. A.D. A native of Fan-yang in Ghihli, whose father was an official and had gained the nickname of TJ^^* Skilful at composition, he went up for his chin shih degree; but failing to pass, he retired with his brother to the mountains, where they lived as hermits and studied the art of existing without food. Later on he returned and