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remainder of the reign was marked by disturbance and bloodshed. Canonised as ^^ ^ ^ ^.

^U I ^ ^ i'^' MM)' ^ ^^^ gambler of the Chin dynasty. 1313 Liu I-fu ^ ^ ^. A.D. 406-424. Son of Liu Yil, whom he 1314 succeeded in 422 as second Emperor of the Liu Sung dynasty. In 424 he was degraded and put to death by the Regents for refusing to mourn for his father in the orthodox manner. Known in history

Liu I-lung ^^ ^. A.D. 407—453. Third sou of Liu Yfl, 1315 and brother to Liu I-fu, whom he succeeded in 424 as third Emperor of the Liu Sung dynasty. His two elder brothers proving wild and intractable, the Regents slew them and placed him on the throne; his first act however was to put the Regents themseWes to death. His reign was marked by great prosperity, in spite of unsuccessful campaigns against Wei, which State retaliated by incur- sions reaching up to the banks of the Yang-tsze in 451. He promoted learning, reformed the calendar, improved the criminal law, and set an example of diligence and economy to his people. He was slain by his son Liu Shao. Canonised as "^ jjjQ^ ^ ^ . Liu I-min ^ ^ f^. 2nd cent. A.D. A Taoist patriarch, who 1316 in conjunction with Hui Yuan and others formed a White Lily society, consisting of eighteen members who assembled at a temple upon a mountain in modern Eiangsi for purposes of meditation. Liu Jen-kung ^ i^ |^. Died A.D. 912. A native of Sh6n-chou 1317 in Chihli, who distinguished himself as a military commander, earning the sobriquet of jj^ g§ for his skill in undermining lesieged cities. He served for a time under Li K'o-yung, but in S96 joined Chu W§n, the founder of the Liang dynasty, by whom lie was ultimately raised to high ofSce. He was put to death by CJhou T6-wei (see Liu Shot^kuang), Xiu Jui-fen ^J ^ ^ (T. ^ BB )• Died A.D. 1892. A purchase 1318