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458 from which he returned, in consequence of a general pardon, and established himself near the capital in Honan. Stadents flocked from all quarters to his lectures, which were popularly known as

Li Shan-ch'ang ^^^ (T. If ^). A.D. 1314- 1300. A native of ^ j|^ Ting-ytlan in Shensi, and the counsellor of Chu Ttlan-chang in his struggle for the empire. In 1367 he headed the body of officers who asked Chu to adopt the Imperial style, and was his first Minister. In 1369 he .was chief editor of the History of the Yuan Dynasty. Raised to a Dukedom in 1370, he offended his sovereign by his haughty demeanour and his inclination to presume on his services, and in the following year his health was made an excuse for sending him into retirement, though in 1876 his eldest son was married to an Imperial Princess. He was ultiipately put to death together with more than seventy memben of his family on a charge of having been mixed up in the conspiracy of Hu Wei-yung in 1880. The Emperor felt it necessary to publish a defence of his harshness to his old servants, entitled the ^ Record of Wicked Cabals; but the accusation against Li Shan-ch'ang was subsequently shown to be baseless. Canonised as

Li Shan-kan ^ ^ J||. A Censor who lived at the close of the 10th cent. A.D. and was famous for boldness of speech. He was popularly spoken of as a phoenix, that is, a rara avie.

JA Shang-yin ^ ^ ^ (T. ^ llj ). A.D. 813-858. A native of Ho-nei in Honan, Graduated as chin shih in 837. Rose to be a Reader in the Han-lin College, and distinguished himself as a poet and a scholar.

Li Sliao-olltln ^ ^ ^. 2nd cent. B.C. A man who pretended that he had discovered the elixir of immortality. In early life his age was kept a secret, and when he grew up he declared himself