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132 Hsin-ning in 1844. Foreseeing the T'ai-p'ng rebellion, he instituted the trainband system and developed a force famous later on as the Braves of Hupeh. After a succession of brilliant exploits against the rebels, for which he was made Governor of Anhui and rewarded with the order of the baturu^ he was hemmed in at Haü-chou, and committed suicide upon the capture of the city. Canonised as.

Chiang Fan (T. ). A disciple of Yü Hsiao-k'o, who flourished at the close of the 18th cent. He wrote the, compendium of the theories of his contemporaries on classical interpretation, including however only those who like himself followed the Han as opposed to the Sung scholars.

Chiang Hou  9th cent. B.C. The consort of Prince Hsüan$a$ of the Ghou dynasty. When her husband gave himself up to festivity, she stripped herself of all her jewels, and proceeded to the palace gaol for women of the Court; at the same time notifying the Prince that she considered herself to be the cause of his misconduct, and was awaiting punishment accordingly. Touched by this behaviour, the Prince not only amended his ways, but from that time associated her with himself in all affairs of State.

Chiang Ko  (T. ). Died A.D. 535. A native of K'ao-ch'êng in Honan, distinguished as one of the 24 examples of filial piety. At six years of age he was already good in composition, and before he was sixteen he is said to have rescued his mother from brigands by carrying her many miles on his back. Entering public life, he rose to high office under the first Emperor of the Liang dynasty. On one occasion he was captured by the forces of the Wei State, but refused to abjure his allegiance, and was allowed to return home unharmed. Canonised as.