Page:A Chinese Biographical Dictionary.djvu/135

116

and posthamonsly ennobled as Earl; and in 1241 his tablet was admitted to the Coafacian Temple.

Ch'êng Miao (T. TC ^ )• 3rd cent. B.C. An official under the First Emperor, who invented what is known as the Lesser Seal character, being a simplified form of the older and more cumbrous style. He followed this up by the invention of the Li script, which is again simpler and more easily written than the Lesser Seal. It was from the lA script that the modern clerkly style was developed.

Ch'êng T'ang. The title in history of the Prince of |^ Shang, who overthrew Chieh Euei, the last Emperor of the Hsia dynasty, and mounted the throne in B.C. 1766 as first Emperor of the Shang dynasty. He is often spoken of simply as '^T^ang,'* and is said to have had fotir elbow-joints. See I Tin.

Ch'êng Ti. See (Han) Liu Ao; (Chin) Ssŭ-ma Yen.

Ch'êng T'ien T'ai Hou. Daughter of Yeh-lfl Ta-shih. On the death in 1153 of the Emperor Jen Tsung, third sovereign of the Western Liao dynasty, she was lefb as Regent for his young son; but she slew her own husband in order to carry on an intrigue with his brother, and was herself put to death by her father-in-law. The young Emperor, known in history as ^ ^, was captured by J^ ^j ^ Goutchlouc, son of the Khan of Naiman, who seized the governmenti adopted the Liao costume, and ruled peacefully until the Mongol armies swallowed up all Turkestan in 1218.

Ch'êng Tsu. See Chu Ti.

Ch'êng Yao-t'ien (T. Sf^) Graduated as chn jen in A.D. 1770, and served as an Officer of Education. Author of t^e S^^f A collection of some twenty treatises on ethics, art, and science, all bearing upon illustration of the Classics.

Ch'êng Yen-tsu  (T. ^ ^ H. |^ ^). A.D. 1740-