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 Abdur Rahman Khan, Amir of Afghanistan (1881), 234. Aborigines or aboriginal tribes, 40— 51. See also Non-Aryans. Abu, Mount, 28. Abul Fazl, minister of Akbar, 138, 140. Adam, John, Acting Governor-General (1823), 204. Adams, Major, defeated Mir Kasim, 184. Adil Shahi dynasty of Bijapur, 129. Afghanistan, passes from, into India, 19; Muhammadan invasions from, 113-119; Akbar ruled over, 1 36 ; lost by the Mughals, 142, 152 ; English Mission sent to (1809), 201, 209 ; first war in (1839-42), 209-212; second war in (1878- 80), 233, 234 ; treaty (1894), 240. See also Kabul, Kandahar. Aghoris, carrion-eating sect of Sivaite ascetics, 102. Agni, God of Fire, 56. Agra, Akbar makes his capital, 136 ; Shah Jahan's buildings at, 143 ; taken by Lord Lake, 197. Ahmad Shah Durani, his invasions of India, 152; defeats the Marathas at Panipat (1761), 153, 159 ; his empire and dynasty, 209. Ahmadabad, the castes as trade guilds at, 98. Ahmadnagar, Muhammadan dynasty of, 129; resists Akbar, 137 ; conquered by Shah Jahan, 142 ; Aurangzeb dies at, 148 ; taken by Wellington, 197. Ajmere, Rajput dynasty of, overthrown, 117. Akas, aboriginal hill tribe in Assam, 45- Akbar the Great, third Mughal Emperor (1556-1605), 133-140; summary of his reign, 133, 134; his work in India, 134, 135 ; reduction of the Rajputs, 135 ; conciliation of the Hindus, 135, 136; conquest of Muhammadan States, 136; efforts in Southern India, 136, 137; religious faith, 137, 138; organization of the Empire, 138, 139; revenue system, 139; ministers, 140. Akbar, son of Aurangzeb, his re- bellion, 146, 149. Akbar Khan murders Macnaghten (1841), 211. Akyab, prosperity under British rule, 216. Ala-ud-din, second king of the house of Khilji (1295-1315), 121-123; his conquests in Southern India, 122. Albuquerque, Affonso de, Portuguese governor, 165. Alexander the Great, his expedition to India, campaigns in the Punjab and Sind, 85-87. All Vardi Khan defeats the Marathas, 159 ; Nawab of Bengal, 180. AHgarh, battle of (1803), 193. Aliwal, battle of (1845), 214. Allahabad, its situation, 23; sold to Wazir of Oudh, 189. Almeida, Francisco de, first Portuguese Viceroy, 165. Alompra (Alaungpaya) founded dynasty at Ava, 205. Altamsh, third king of the Slave dynasty (1211-36), 119, 120. Ambala, Darbar at (1869), 231, 232. Ambar, Malik, minister of Ahmadnagar, 140.