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 the Attorney General to contact Ukraineon this or any other matter. The Attorney General has not communicated with Ukraineon this or any other subject.813

Ukraine’s current Prosecutor General Ruslan Ryaboshapka, who assumed his new position in late August 2019, confirmed the Justice Department’s account. He told The Financial Times in late November 2019 that Attorney General Barr had made no formal request regarding a potential investigation into allegations of wrongdoing by former Vice President Biden.814 In an apparent reference to President Trump’s demand that Ukraine interfere in U.S. elections, Mr. Ryaboshapka added: “It’s critically important for the west not to pull us into some conflicts between their ruling elites, but to continue to support so that we can cross the point of no return.”815

Neither Ambassador Taylor in Ukraine nor Deputy Assistant Secretary George Kent in Washington were aware of the efforts by Ambassadors Sondland and Volker, in coordination with Mr. Giuliani, to convince Ukrainian officials to issue a statement in real time. Ambassador Taylor told the Committees that, on August 16, in a text message exchange with Ambassador Volker, he “learned that Mr. Yermak had asked that the United States submit an official request for an investigation into Burisma’s alleged violations of Ukrainian law, if that is what the United States desired.”816 Ambassador Taylor noted that “a formal U.S. request to the Ukrainians to conduct an investigation based on violations of their own law” was “improper” and advised Ambassador Volker to “stay clear.”817

Nevertheless, Ambassador Volker requested Ambassador Taylor’s help with the matter.818 “To find out the legal aspects of the question,” Ambassador Taylor gave Ambassador Volker the name of an official at the Department of Justice “whom I thought would be the proper point of contact for seeking a U.S. referral for a foreign investigation.”819

On August 15, Ambassador Volker texted Ambassador Sondland that Mr. Yermak wanted to “know our status on asking them to investigate.”820 Two days later, Ambassador Volker wrote: “Bill [Taylor] had no info on requesting an investigationcalling a friend at DOJ.” Ambassador Volker testified that he was not able to connect with his contact at the Department of Justice.821

Mr. Kent testified that on August 15, Catherine Croft, Ambassador Volker’s special assistant, approached him to ask whether there was any precedent for the United States asking Ukraine to conduct investigations on its behalf. Mr. Kent advised Ms. Croft:


 * [I]f you’re asking me have we ever gone to the Ukrainians and asked them to investigate or prosecute individuals for political reasons, the answer is, I hope we haven’t, and we shouldn’t because that goes against everything that we are trying to promote in post-Soviet states for the last 28 years, which is the promotion of the rule of law.822

Mr. Kent testified that the day after his conversation with Ms. Croft, he spoke with Ambassador Taylor, who “amplified the same theme” and told Mr. Kent that “Yermak was very uncomfortable” with the idea of investigations and suggested that “it should be done officially and put in writing.” As a result, it became clear to Mr. Kent in mid-August that Ukraine was