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 SOME CONTEIBUTOES TO NEW VOLUMES OF ‘ ENCYCLOPAEDIA BEITANNICA ’ Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1881-84- at and their Influence on English Education,’ King’s College, 1882-86 ; Principal of St David’s ‘ Educational Aims and Methods.’ (J. G. F.) College, Lampeter, 1886-88 ; Professorial Fellow of King’s College, Cambridge, 1888; examining FITZGERALD, Vice-Adml. Charles chaplain to late Bishop of St Asaph, 1887-89 Cooper Penrose; Superintendent, Pembroke Dockyard ; second in command of the and to Bishop of Ripon, 1889; Hon. Canon of China Station, 1898-1899 ; author of ‘ Boat SailRipon, 1895 ; Chaplain to the Queen, 1898-1901 • ing,’ ‘ Life of Sir George Tryon.’ (C. C. P. F.) Hulsean Professor of Divinity, Cambridge University, 1887-1901, and President of Queens’ FITZGERALD, J. D. (J. D. F.) College, Cambridge, 1896-1901; author of ‘The Canon of the Old Testament,’ ‘The Early FITZMAURICE-KELLY, James; corre-; sponding member of the Spanish Academy Narratives of Genesis,’ ‘ Commentary on Ezra author of ‘A History of Spanish Literature,’ and Nehemiah,’ ‘Philo and Holy Scripture,’ ‘ The Life of Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra,’ etc. (H. E. E.’) etc (J. F.-K.) FLEMING, C. J. N., B.A.; Scottish InternaF tional Football Player; member of Committee of Scottish Rugby Football Union. (0. J. N. F.) FAIRBAIRN, Andrew Martin, M.A., D.D., LL.D. ; Principal Mansfield Coll. Oxford; FLEMING, John Ambrose, M.A., D.Sc., F.R.S.; Pender Professor of Electrical EngineerPrincipal of Airedale Coll. 1877-1886; Chairman of Congregational Union of England and ing) Fellow of AlterUniv. Wales, 1883; Member of Royal Commission Coll. Univ. LondonCollege, of ‘ Treatise on the on Secondary Education, 1894-95; author of nate Current Transformer,’ ‘Electric Lamps ‘Arminius,’ ‘Independents,’ in Ninth Edition and Electric Lighting,’ ‘Magnets and Electric of ‘ Ency. Brit.,’ ‘ Studies in the Life of Christ,’ Currents,’ ‘A Handbook for the Electrical ‘ The City of God,’ ‘ Religion in History and in Laboratory and Testing Room.’ (J. A. F.) Modern Life,’ ‘Catholicism, Roman and Angli- FOOTE, Arthur De Wint; Superintendent can,’ ‘ The Philosophy of the Christian Religion,’ of North Star Mining Company, California; etc. (A. M. F.) Member of the American Society of Civil FAIRBROTHER, William Henry, M.A., Engineers. (A. De W. F.) Lecturer in Philosophy, Lincoln College, Ox- FORBES, Dr H. O., LL.D., F.R.G.S.; Director ford ; author of ‘Philosophy of Thomas Hill of Museums, Liverpool; author of ‘ A NaturGreen.' (W. H. F‘.) alist’s Wanderings in the Eastern Archipelago,’ FAIRLIE, John A., Ph.D.; Asst. Prof, of Adetc. (H. O. F.) ministrative Law, Univ. of Michigan; author of FORD, Worthington Chauncey, Public ‘ Municipal Government.’ (J. A. Fa.) Library, Boston, U.S.A.; Chief of Bureau of FARMER, John Bretland, M.A., F.R.S.; Statistics, U.S. Department of State, 1885-89, Professor of Botany, Royal College of Science, and of Bureau of Statistics, U.S. Treasury London ; Demonstrator of Botany, University of Department, 1893-98; author of ‘American Oxford, 1887-92 ; Fellow of Magdalen College, Citizen’s Manual,’ etc. (W. C. F.) Oxford, 1889; Assistant Professor of Biology, FORD, W. J., M.A.; author of ‘A Cricketer 1892-95 ; author of ‘ Memoirs, chiefly Botanical on Cricket.’ (w. J. F.) and CytologicaL’ (J. B. F.) FARRAR, Very Rev. Frederic William, FORTIER, Alcde, Litt.D.; Professor of Romance Language, Tulane University, New D.D., F.R.S. ; Dean of Canterbury; Hulsean Orleans; sometime President of the Modern Lecturer at Cambridge; Bampton Lecturer at Language Association of America, and of the Oxford ; Chaplain to the Speaker of the House American Folk-Lore Society; President’of the of Commons, 1890-95 ; author of ‘Jesus Christ’ Louisiana Historical Society since 1894; author in Ninth Edition of ‘ Ency. Brit.,’ ‘ The Life of ‘ Louisiana Studies,’ ‘ Louisiana Folk Tales,’ of Christ,’ ‘ The Life of St Paul,’ ‘ The Early etc. (A. Fo.) Days of Christianity,’ ‘ Darkness and Dawn,’ ‘The Bible, its Meaning and Supremacy,’ FOSTER, Clement Le Neve, B.A., D.Sc., etc. (F. W. F.) F.R.S. ; Professor of Mining at Royal School of Mines, London; Examiner in Mining for the FAUNCE, W. H. P.; A.M., D.D.; PresiBoard of Education; Geological Survey of dent of Brown University, Providence, Great Britain, 1860-65; H.M. Inspector of R.I. (W. H. P. F.) Mines, 1873-1901; author of ‘Mining’ in Ninth FAUR, G., of the Egyptian Hall, LonEdition of ‘Ency. Brit.,’ ‘Ore and Stone don. (G. Fa.) Mining,’ etc. (0. L. N. F.) FERGUSON, J. ; editor of the ‘Ceylon FOSTER, Hon. John Watson, LL.D.; Observer,’ ‘Tropical Agriculturist,’ etc.; ex-U.S. Minister to Mexico, Russia, and Spain ; author of ‘Handbook to Ceylon,’ manuals U.S. Secretary of State 1892-93, and Agent of on Coflee, Tea, Gold, Gems, etc. (J. F.) the United States in the Behring Sea Arbitration. (J. W. Fo.) FERRERO, Baron Augusto ; editor of ‘La Tribuna,’ Rome; author of ‘ Nostalgic d’Amore ’; FOSTER, Sir Michael, D.C.L., D.Sc., edited ‘ From Florence to Rome: A Political LL.D., K.C.B., F.R.S., M.P. ; Professor of Diary of 1870-71,’ etc. (A. Fe.) Physiology, Cambridge; secretary R.S. ; President British Ass., 1899 ; author of ‘ Physiology ’ FFOULKES, Miss C. Jocelyn; translator in Ninth Edition of ‘Ency. Brit.,’ ‘Text-Book of Morelli’s ‘ Italian Painters,’ etc. (C. J. F.) of Physiology,’ ‘ Lectures on History of PhysiFIDLER, H. ; Civil Engineer, head of Technical ology ’; joint-editor of ‘ Scientific Memoirs of Staff Department of Civil Engineer-in-Chief, Thomas Huxley,’ etc. (M. F.) Admiralty ; editor of ‘ A Manual of Construc- FOWLER,Henry G. H., Ph.D. Leipsic; late Hon. tion,’ etc. (H. F.) Secretary, Marine Biological Association, PlyFIELD, Capt. A. Mostyn, R.N. ; F.R.A.S., mouth ; edited ‘ The Hydromedusa,’ and ‘ The F.R.G.S., F.R.Met.S. ; has worked for the Leptomedusa,’Marshall’s ‘ The Frog,’ Brichson’s Hydrographic Survey in various parts of the ‘Scientific Progress in Entomology.’ (G. H. Fo.) world. (A. M. F*.) FOX, Francis, M.I.C.E.; author of ‘On the FILON, Pierre Marie Augustin : agrege es Results of Trials of Varieties of Iron Permanent lettres ; French Critic ; tutor to the late Prince Way,’ and various papers on ‘Ventilation, Imperial; literary editor of the ‘ Revue Bleue ’; Tunnelling,’ etc. (F. Fo.) author of ‘ Le Mariage de Londres,’ ‘ Histoire FOX, Major; head of London Salvage de la Litterature Anglais,’ ‘English Profiles,’ Corps. (F. J. F.) and works on the French and English Fabian, Ph.D. ; editor of drama. (A. Fi.) FRANKLIN, ‘ Baltimore News,’ Baltimore, U.S.A. formerly FISHER, Alexander; English teacher and Professor of Mathematics, Johns Hopkins specialist in the art of enamelling; author of University. (F. Fn.) technical articles in the ‘ Magazine of Art,’ the FRANTZ, Henri; art critic, ‘Gazette des ‘ Studio,’ etc. (A. Fi*.) Beaux Arts,’ Paris. (H. Fit.) FISHER, George Park, D.D., LL.D. ; Pro- FREAM, William, LL.D., F.G.S. F.L.S., fessor of Ecclesiastical History, Yale ; author F.S.S.; Lecturer on Agricultural Entomology, of ‘ The Reformation,’ ‘ History of the Christian Edin. Univ. ; author of ‘Elements of AgriculChurch,’ ‘The Colonial Era,’ etc. (G. P. F.) ture, ’ ‘ Soils and their Properties,’ ‘ The Complete Grazier,’ etc. (W. Fn.) FISKE, John, LL.D., the late ; author of ‘ Discovery of America,’ ‘American Revolution,’ FREEMANTLE, Commander S., R.N.; ‘ Tiie Mississippi Valley in the Civil War,’ part author of ‘ Nautical Terms and Phrases in ‘Cosmic Philosophy,’ etc. (J. Fi.) French and English,’ etc. (S. Fn.) FITCH, Charles H., in charge of the FRERE, Rev. Walter Howard, M.A.; Indian Territory Section, U.S. Geological Superior of the Community of the Resurrection ; Survey. (C. H. F.) author of ‘ A New History of the Book of Common Prayer,’ ‘ Notes on the Early History FITCH, Sir Joshua Girling, M.A., LL.D.: of the Use of Incense ’; editor ‘ Bibliotheca Chief Inspector of Training Colleges, retired Musico-Liturgica,’ ‘The Marian Reaction,’ 1894; H.M. Inspector of Schools, 1863; Chevalier etc. H. F.) of the Legion of Honour ; Governor of St Paul’s FRY, Rt. Hon. Sir Edward, B.A.,(W.D.C.L., School, London, and Girton College, Cambridge : LL.D., F.R.S., F.S.A., F.L.S.; Judge of High author of ‘ Lectures on Teaching,’ The Arnolds
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Court, Chancery Division, 1877-83 ; Lord Justice of Appeal, 1883-92; Fellow University of London and Univ. Coll. London; Hon. Fellow of Balliol Coll. Oxford; presided over the Royal Commission on the Irish Land Acts, 1897-98 ; author of ‘Quakers’ in Ninth Edition of ‘Ency. Brit.,’ ‘The Specific Performance of Contracts,’ ‘British Mosses,’ ‘James Hack Tuke,’ etc. (E. F.) FULTON, Robert Burwell, A.M., LL.D. ; Chancellor of the University of Mississippi; author of ‘ Mississippi, State ’ in Ninth Edition of ‘Ency. Brit.’ (R. B. F.) G GADOW, Hans Friedrich, Ph.D., Hon. M.A Cambridge, F.R.S.; Strickland Curator and Lecturer on Zoology, Cambridge; British Museum, Natural History Department, 1880-82 ; author of ‘In Northern Spain,’ ‘A Classification of Vertebrata,’ ‘Aves in Bronn’s Animal Kingdom,’ ‘ Amphibia and Reptiles,’ and papers in Royal Society Philosophical Transactions and other scientific periodicals. (H. F. G.) GALLWEY, Lt.-Col. Henry Lionel, C.M.G., D.S.O.; Deputy Commissioner and Consul, Niger Coast Protectorate; Acting Consul-General, 1896-98, Oil Rivers Protectorate ; in command of a Haussa company during operations in Benin country, including capture of Benin City, 1897, etc. (H. L. G.) GAMBLE, F. W., editor of ‘Junior Course of Practical Zoology,’ ‘ Flatwormsand Mesozoa,’ etc. (F. W. Ga.) GANNETT, Henry; Chief Geographer U.S. Geological Survey; Chief Geographer 10th, 11th, and 12th U.S. Censuses; author of ‘Idaho,’ etc., in Ninth Edition of ‘Ency. Brit.,’ ‘Dictionary of Altitudes,’ ‘Statistical Atlas of the U.S.,’ etc. (H. G*.) GARCKE, Emile, M.I.E.E., F.S.S.; Manager of the Brush Electrical Engineering Co. ; Chairman Elect. Sect. London Chamber of Commerce, 1884-88; Member of Council, Tramways and Light Railways Assoc.; author of ‘ Manual of Electrical Undertakings,’ joint-author of ‘ Factory Accounts.’ (E. Ga.) GARDNER, Ernest Arthur; Yates Professor of Archaeology, University College, London ; Director of British School of Archaeology at Athens, 1887-95; author of ‘Handbook of Greek Sculpture,’ ‘Journal of Hellenic Studies,’ many articles on Greek art, archaeology, and excavations, from 1882; joint-editor of the ‘Journal of Hellenic Studies’ since 1897. (E. Gb.) GARDNER, J. Starkie, English Iron Worker and Expert; author of‘English Enamels,’ ‘Ironwork,’ ‘Armour in England,’ etc. (J. S. G.) GARDNER, Percy, Litt.D., F.S.A.; Line. and Merton Professor of Classical Archaeology, Oxford University; Corresp. Member of the Academy of Sciences, Gottingen; Member of the Archaeological Institutes of Germany, Austria, America, Greece, etc.; Assistant at British Museum, 1871; Fellow of Christ’s College, Cambridge, 1872; Disney Professor of Archaeology, Cambridge, 1880; editor of ‘Journal of Hellenic Studies’; author of ‘Corinth,’ ‘Ephesus,’ in Ninth Edition of ‘Ency. Brit.,’ ‘The Parthian Coinage,’ ‘Samos and Samian Coins,’ ‘Types of Greek Coins,’ ‘Numismatic Commentary on Pausanias,’ ‘ New Chapters in Greek History,’ ‘ Manual of Greek Antiquities’ (with Mr. Jevons), ‘Sculptured Tombs of Hellas,’ etc. (P. G.) GARNETT, Richard, LL.D., C.B. ; Assistant in Library of British Museum, 1851 ; Superintendent of Reading Room, 1875 ; Keeper of Printed Books, 1890-1899; edited the British Museum Catalogue from 1881 to 1890; author of ‘Alexander VI.,’ ‘Anthology,’ ‘Augustan History,’ ‘Byzantine Historians,’ ‘Chateaubriand,’ ‘Hazlitt,’ ‘Leigh Hunt,’ etc., in Ninth Edition of ‘Ency. Brit.,’ ‘Relics of Shelley,’ ‘ Life of Carlyle,’ ‘ Life of Emerson,’ ‘Twilight of the Gods,’ ‘Life of Milton,’ ‘Age of Dryden,’ ‘William Blake,’ ‘A History of Italian Literature,’ ‘Life of Edward Gibbon Wakefield.’ (R. G.) GARNETT, William, M.A., Hon. D.C.L. Durham; Sec. Technical Education Board, London Co. Council; Whitworth Scholar (first); Demonstrator in Physics, Cambridge ; Prof, of Math., Physics and Mechanics, University Coll., Nottingham ; Principal, Durham Coll, of Science, Newcastle-upon-Tyne ; author of ‘Dynamics,’ ‘Energy,’ ‘Evaporation,’ ‘ Hydrometer' in the Ninth Edition of ‘ Ency. Brit.,’ ‘Elementary Dynamics,’ ‘Elementary Mechanics,’ etc. (W. G.) GARSTANG, Walter, M.A., F.Z.S.; late Fellow of Lincoln Coll., Oxford; Naturalist in charge of Fishery Investigations, Marine Biol.