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 A

PARTIAL

LIST

OF

THE

CONTRIBUTORS

TO

THE

NEW

VOLUMES OF

THE

ENCYCLOPAEDIA

BRITANNICA

WITH THE INITIALS WHICH HAVE BEEN AFFIXED TO THEIR RESPECTIVE ARTICLES. THE LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS here given is necessarily incomplete, inasmuch as the later Volumes are still in course of preparation, and all the Contributors have not yet been selected. On the other hand, the present List may contain a few names which ultimately will not appear in the final List of Contributors. Death or other cause may prevent certain writers who have undertaken the preparation of Articles from completing the contributions which they were to furnish. A full List, compiled when the final Volume goes to press, will be given later. The present List, however, includes the names of all those who have written signed Articles for the first Volume. After the few words of description which accompany the names are given the initials of the different authors as they have been affixed to the Articles contributed by them. The Publishers congratulate themselves that in this List of a thousand names are to be found not only the most famous scholars and writers of Great Britain, but of the whole world. A ABBE, Prof. Cleveland, A.M., Ph.D., LL.D.; Meteorologist, U.S. Weather Bureau ; author of ‘Atmospheric Radiation,’ etc.; editor of ‘Monthly Weather Review’; Lecturer on Meteorology, Johns Hopkins University. (C.A.) ABBOT, Rev. Lyman, D.D.; editor of‘The Outlook ’ (New York) ; associate editor of ‘ The Christian Union’ (New York) with Henry Ward Beecher, whom he succeeded as pastor of Plymouth Church, Brooklyn; author of ‘ Christianity and Social Problems,’ ‘ Life of Christ,’ ‘Theology of an Evolutionist,’ ‘Life and Epistles of St Paul.’ (L. A.) ABNEY, Sir William de Wiveleslie, K.C.B., D.Sc., D.C.L., F.R.S.; Principal Assist. Sec., Board of Education, South Kensington, since 1899; President, Royal Astronomical Society, 1893-95 ; President, Physical Society, 1895-97; author of ‘ Photography ’ in Ninth Edition of the ‘Ency. Brit.,’ ‘Instruction in Photography,’ ‘ Treatise on Photography,’ ‘Colour Vision,’ ‘Colour-Measurement and Mixture,’ ‘Thebes and its Five Great Temples,’ in part of ‘ The Pioneers of the Alps.’ (W. DE W. A.) ADAMS, B. B. ; associate-editor of the ‘Railroad Gazette ’ (New York). (B. B. A.) AIRY, Wilfred, B.A., M.I.C.E.; Examiner of Inspectors of Weights and Measures, Board of Trade; author of ‘Levelling and Geodesy,’ ‘Weighing Machines,’ etc. (W. AY.) AKERS, C. E. : author of ‘Argentine, Patagonian, and Chilian Sketches,’ etc. (C. E. A.) ALCOCL, Charles William; Secretary Surrey County Cricket Club since 1872; Hon. Sec. Football Association, 1867-90; author of ‘Football our Winter Game,’ 1867; editor of ‘Cricket Newspaper,’ 1882-1900, ‘Football Annual,’ ‘Cricketer’s Annual’ (Lillywhite’s), etc. (C. W. A.) ALEXANDER, Gen. Edward Porter; General of Ordnance; and later Brigadier-General of Artillery and Chief of Artillery in Gen. Longstreet’s Corps, Confederate Army. (E. P. A.) ALEXANDER, W. D., Honolulu; author of ‘ A Brief History of the Hawaiian People.’ (W. D. A.) ALLBUTT, Thomas Clifford, M.A., M.D., LL.D., D.Sc., F.R.S. ; Regius Professor of Physic, Camb., since 1892; Commissioner in Lunacy, 1889-92 ; author of ‘ The Ophthalmoscope in Medicine,’ ‘ Goulstonian Lectures (On Visceral Neuroses),’ ‘On Scrofula,’ ‘Science and Medical Thought ’; editor of ‘ System of Medicine and Gynaecology,’ etc.; inventor of short clinical thermometer. (T. C. A.)

ALLDRIDGE, T. J., F.R.G.S., F.Z.S.; for many years Travelling Commissioner of Sierra Leone ; District Commissioner of Sherbro District, Sierra Leone ; author of ‘ The Sherbro and its Hinterland.’ (T. J. A.) ANDERSON, Miss A. M.; Principal Lady Inspector of Factories, Home Office. (A. M. AN.) ANDERSON, W., F.R.C.S., the late; Comp. of the Order of the Rising Sun (Japan); Professor at Royal Academy ; Chairman of Council of the Japan Society; Medical Director, Imperial Naval Medical College, Tokio ; author of ‘ The Pictorial Arts of Japan,’ ‘Japanese Wood Engravings,’ ‘ Cat. of Chinese and Japanese Pictures in British Museum.' (Wm. An.) ANDERSON, Lt.-Col. W. P. ; Chief Engineer and Superintendent of Lights, Department of Marine and Fisheries, Ottawa, Canada. (W. P. A) ANDREWS, Hon. Elisha Benjamin, LL.D.; Chancellor of the University of Nebraska ; late Superintendent of Schools of the City of Chicago ; formerly President of Brown University; author of ‘ Institutes of General History,’ ‘Institutes of Economics,’ ‘History of the United States,’ etc. (E. B. A.) ANSTRUTHER-THOMSON, Major W., F.G.S., F.S.A.; Inspector of Concentration Camps, S.A. (W. A.-T.) ARCHER, William; dramatic critic of ‘ World ’ (London), 1884 onwards ; edited and translated Ibsen’s ‘Prose Dramas’; author of ‘Life of Macready,’ ‘Masks or Faces,’ ‘The Theatrical World,’ ‘Study and Stage,’ ‘America To-day, 1900,’ ‘Poets of the Younger Generation,’ etc. (W. A.) ARMSTRONG, Edmund Archibald, Barrister-at-Law, Inner Temple. (E. A. Ar.) ARMSTRONG, Henry Edward, Ph.D., LL.D., F.R.S.; Professor of Chemistry at the City and Guilds of London Central Institute, South Kensington; author of ‘ Carbon,’ etc., in Ninth Edition of‘Ency. Brit.,’ ‘Introduction to the Study of Organic Chemistry.’ (H. E. A.) ARMSTRONG, Sir Walter; Director of the National Gallery of Ireland ; author of ‘ Sir Joshua Reynolds,’ ‘ Thomas Gainsborough,’ ‘Sir Henry Raeburn,’ ‘Alfred Stevens,’ ‘Peter de Wint,’ ‘Velasquez,’ ‘Scottish Painters,’ ‘J. M. W. Turner,’ etc., and co-editor of ‘Bryan’s Dictionary of Painters.’ (W. Ar.) ASHWORTH, Philip A., Dr. Juris, of the Inner Temple, Barrister-at-Law; editor of Taswell - Langmead’s ‘ Constitutional History of England,’ translator of Gneist’s ‘ History of the English Constitution,’ etc. (P. A. A.) ASKWITH, Rev. Edward Harrison, M.A., B.D.; Chaplain of Trinity College, Cambridge; author of ‘ Christian Conception of Holiness,’ ‘ Epistle to the Galatians,’ etc. (E. H. A.)

ASTON, Major George Grey, R.M.A.; late Professor of Fortification, Royal Naval College, Greenwich. (G. G. A.) ASTON, William George, B.A., M.A., Hon. D.Lit., C.M.G.; student interpreter in Japan, 1864; interpreter and translator to British Legation at Yedo, 1870 ; assistant Japanese Secretary, Yedo, 1875-82; acting Consul, Hiogo, 1880-83; Consul-General for Corea, 1884; Japanese Secretary, Tokio, 1886; author of ‘ A Grammar of the Japanese Spoken Language,’' ‘A Grammar of the Japanese Written Language,’ ‘A Translation of the Nihongi, or Annals of Ancient Japan,’ ‘ History of Japanese Literature,’ etc. (W. G. As.) ATWATER, Wilbur Olin, Ph.D.; Professor of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, U.S.A. ; Special Agent of the U.S. Department of Agriculture in charge of Nutrition investigations. (W. O. A.) AVES, Ernest, M.A.; formerly Sub-Warden of Toynbee Hall; author of papers on sociology and economics. (E. A*.) AXON, William Edward Armitage, LL.D. ; late Dep. Librarian Manchester Free Libraries ; author of ‘ Manchester ’ in Ninth Edition of ‘Ency. Brit.,’ ‘The Annals of Manchester,’ ‘ Manchester a Hundred Years Ago,’ ‘Lancashire Gleanings,’ ‘Stray Chapters in Literature,’ ‘Folk-lore and Archaeology,’ etc. (W. E. A. A.) B BACON, Edwin Monroe, M.A.; editor of ‘Time and the Hour’ (Boston, U.S.A.); sometime editor-in-chief of the ‘Boston Globe,’ the ‘ Boston Advertiser,’ and the ‘ Boston Post’; author of ‘ Boston Illustrated,’ ‘ Bacon’s Dictionary of Boston,’ ‘Boston of To-day,’ etc. (E. M. B.) BADEN - POWELL, Maj. Baden F. S.; inventor of man-lifting kites; late President Aeronautical Society; author of ‘ In Savage Isles and Settled Lands,’ many articles on ballooning, etc. (B. F. S. B.-P.) BAGWELL, Richard, M.A.; author of ‘ Ireland ’ in the Ninth Edition of the ‘ Ency. Brit.,’ ‘Ireland under the Tudors,’ ‘A Plea for National Education,’ etc. (R. Ba.) BAINES, Jervoise Athelstane, C.S.I.; Hon. Sec. (gold medallist) and Vice-President Royal Statistical Society; Census Commissioner under Government of India, 1889-93; employed at India Office and as secretary to Royal Commission on Opium, 1894-95; author of Official Reports on Provincial Administration, on Indian Census Operations, 1881-91, on Indian Progress, 1894, many papers, ethnographic and statistical, for London societies. (J. A. B.)