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 EASTBOURNE—EBBW Authorities.—E. Villaca. Belatorio e Proposlas de Lei. Lisbon, 1899. Estatistica de Portugal, Anno de 1897. Lisbon, 1899. Revista Portuguesa Colonial e Maritima. Vols. i.-iv. Lisbon, 1897-99.—E. de Vasconcellos. As Colonias Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1896-97. DE y.) Eastbourne, a municipal borough (1883) and flourishing watering-place in the Eastbourne parliamentary division of Sussex, England, 65 miles south-south-east of London by rail. The ancient church of St Mary has been restored, and with that there are now eight parish churches, a Roman Catholic and various Nonconformist churches. Recent erections otherwise are the town-hall and municipal buildings, the Princess Alice Memorial Hospital, the children’s branch of All Saints’ Convalescent Hospital, and a free library. There are also public baths and many high-class schools. The pier has been provided with a handsome pavilion and a new landing stage. Devonshire Park (13 acres) contains a large pavilion and a theatre. Area, 5410 acres. Population (1881), 22,014 : (1901), 43,357. East ham pton, a town of Hampshire county, Mass., U.S.A., in the Connecticut valley. It is entered by two railways, and is the seat of Williston Academy. Population (1890), 4395; (1900), 5603, of whom 1731 were foreign-born and 42 negroes. East Hartford, a town of Hartford county, Connecticut, U.S.A., on the Connecticut opposite Hartford, and entered by two railways. Population (1890), 4455; (1900), 6406, of whom 1191 were foreign-born and 78 negroes. East Liverpool, a city of Columbiana county, Ohio, U.S.A., on the Ohio river and on the Pennsylvania railroad, at an altitude of 692 feet. Pottery is the chief manufacture. Population (1880), 5568; (1890), 10,956; (1900), 16,485, of whom 2112 were foreign-born and 219 negroes. East London, a town and seaport of Cape Colony, at the mouth of the Buffalo river, between the Keiskamma and Great Kei estuaries, with a population of about 7000. The harbour is one of the most dangerous on the south coast, and is still often inaccessible for days together, despite the breakwaters and other extensive works that have been constructed to improve the approaches. The bar, which formerly shifted with every storm and freshet, is now fixed, but has seldom more than a depth of 9 or 10 feet at the flow, whereas before the works were carried out it could be crossed by vessels drawing 20 feet of water. Nevertheless East London, being the natural outlet for the rich pasturages of the eastern districts, is the second port in the colony for the shipment of wool. It is the seaward terminus of the railway which runs through Queenstown and Molteno north to the Orange River Colony. The imports, chiefly textiles, hardware, and provisions, were valued at £3,456,000 in 1896, £3,121,000 in 1897, and £3,520,000 in 1898; and the exports (wool, angora hair, hides, and skins) at £851,000, £817,000, and £955,000 for the same years. Easton, capital of Northampton county, Pennsylvania, U.S.A., in 40° 43' N. lat. and 75° 16' W. long., at an altitude of 215 feet, at the junction of the Lehigh and Delaware rivers. It is a railway centre of importance, since it is entered by five lines, the Bangor and Portland, the New Jersey Central, the Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western, the Lehigh and Hudson Rivers, and the Lehigh "V alley. It is divided into twelve wards. It is the seat of Lafayette College, a Presbyterian institution which in 1899 had a faculty of 28, and was attended by 309

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students; its property was valued at nearly $1,000,000, and its income for the year was $40,315. Population (1880), 11,924; (1890), 14,481; (1900), 25,238, of whom 2135 were foreign-born and 325 negroes. The death-rate in 1900 was 16*7. East Orange, a township of Essex county, New Jersey, U.S.A., on branches of the Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western and the Erie Railways, by which it is connected with New York, 12 miles distant. It is a suburban residential town for New York business men. Population (1880), 8349; (1890), 13,282; (1900), 21,506, of whom 3950 were foreign-born and 1420 negroes. Eastport, a city and port of entry of Washington county, Maine, U.S.A., the most easterly point of the United States, on Moose Island, in Passamaquoddy Bay. It has a good harbour, although the rise and fall of the tide is great, 25 feet, and it is connected in summer with Boston and Portland by daily steamers. It has considerable industry in the canning of so-called sardines. Certain of the neighbouring islands in Passamaquoddy Bay are well-known summer resorts, among which are Campo Bello and Grand Manan, on the Canadian side of the boundary. Population (1880), 4006; (1890), 4908; (1900), 5311, of whom 1554 were foreign-born. East Portland, formerly a city of Multnomah county, Oregon, U.S.A., annexed to Portland in 1891, on the east bank of the Willamette river. Population (1880), 2934; (1890), 10,532. East Providence, a town of Providence county, Rhode Island, U.S.A., on the east side of the Providence river, opposite Providence. Within its area of 12^ square miles are several villages, the largest of which bears the same name as the town. A branch of the New York, New Haven, and Hartford railroad crosses the town. Population (1880), 5056; (1890), 8422; (1900), 12,138, of whom 2067 were foreign-born and 369 negroes. East St Louis, a city of St Clair county, Illinois, U.S.A., in 38° 38' N. lat. and 90° 10' W. long., on the east bank of the Mississippi, at an altitude of 418 feet. Its site is in the American Bottom, little above the high-water mark of the river. This bottom stretches a long distance up and down the river, with a breadth of 10 or 12 miles. It is intersected by many sloughs and crescentshaped lakes, which indicate former courses of the river. East St Louis is one of the great railway centres of the country. Into it enter from the east fourteen lines of railway, which cross to St Louis by the celebrated steel arch bridge, designed and built by J. B. Eads, and by the Merchants’ Bridge. It has also extensive dockyards. Population (1880), 9185; (1890), 15,169; (1900), 29,655, of whom 3920 were foreign-born and 1799 negroes. Eau Claire, capital of Eau Claire county, Wisconsin, U.S.A., in 44° 51' N. lat. and 91° 30' W. long., at the junction of the Eau Claire and Chippewa rivers, at the head of navigation on the latter, at an altitude of 789 feet. It is on branches of the Chicago, Milwaukee, and St Paul, the Chicago, St Paul, Minneapolis, and Omaha, and the Wisconsin Central Railways. It is an important city in the lumber trade, and has many saw and planing mills. Population (1880), 10,119; (1890), 17,415; (1900), 17,517. Ebbw Vale, an urban district in the Western parliamentary division of Monmouthshire, England, 9 miles west-south-west of Abergavenny by rail. There is a library and scientific institute. The district contains large collieries and important iron and steel works. Area of urban district, 6817 acres. Population (1881), 14,700; (1901), 20,993.