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DELANE—DELAWARE

seldom offer any solid satisfaction to tlie foreign reader. in 1865. In 1854 he turned his attention to solar physics, But Multatuli deserves remembrance, if only on account and for the purpose of obtaining a daily photographic of the unequalled effect his writing had in rousing Holland representation of the state of the solar surface he devised from the intellectual and moral lethargy in which she lay the photoheliograph. This instrument is described in his report to the British Association, “On Celestial Photohalf a century ago. (E- G-) graphy in England” (1859), and in his Bakerian Lecture Delane, John Thaddeus (1817-1879), {Phil Trans. Roy. Soc. vol. clii. pp. 333-416). Regular editor of The Times, was born 11th October 1817, in work with this instrument was inaugurated at Kew by London, being the second son of Mr W. F. A. Delane, a De la Rue in 1858, and was carried on there for fourteen barrister who was employed by Mr Walter in The Times years; since 1872 it has been continued at the Royal office. While still a boy he attracted Mr Walter’s atten- Observatory, Greenwich. The results obtained in the tion, and it was always intended that he should find work years 1862-1866 are discussed in two memoirs published on the paper. He received a good general education at by De la Rue, in conjunction with Professor Balfour private schools and King’s College, London, and also at Stewart and Mr B. Loewy, in the Phil. Trans, (vol. clix. Magdalen Hall, Oxford; and after taking his degree in pp. 1-110, and vol. clx. pp. 389-496), entitled “Re1839, he read for the Bar, being called in 1847. Mean- searches on Solar Physics.” In the year 1860 De la Rue while he had already begun work for The Times as a took the photoheliograph to Spain for the purpose of reporter; and in 1841, on the death of Mr Barnes, he photographing the total eclipse of the sun, which occurred succeeded him as editor, a post which he occupied for on July the 18th of that year. This expedition formed thirty-six years. He was not himself a writer, but he was the subject of the Bakerian Lecture already referred to. the greatest newspaper editor of his time, and perhaps of The photographs obtained on that occasion proved beyond any time. Though he went into society and had a position doubt the solar character of the prominences, or red there such as no journalist had previously enjoyed, using his flames, seen around the limb of the moon during a solar opportunities with a sure intuition for the way in which eclipse. In 1873 De la Rue gave up active work in events would move, he had no liking for personal publicity, astronomy, and presented most of his astronomical instrubut was careful to preserve his impersonality as an editor, ments to the University Observatory, Oxford. Subseand to merge himself in the newspaper which he represented. quently, in the year 1887, he provided the same observatoiy His triumph was the triumph of The Tivies, which under Avith a 13-inch refractor to enable it to take part in the his regime attained an influence which has never been International Photographic Survey of the Heai'ens. In surpassed. He was a man of many interests and great conjunction with Dr Hugo Muller, he published several judgment; capable of long application and concentrated papers of a chemical character between the years 1856 attention, with power to seize always on the main point and 1862. He was twice President of the Chemical at issue, and rapidly master the essential facts in the Society, and also of the Royal Astronomical Society most complicated affair. His general policy was to (1864-1866). In 1862 he received the gold medal of the keep the paper a national organ of opinion above party, latter society, and in 1864 a Royal medal from the Royal but with a tendency to sympathize with the Liberal move- Society, for his observations on the total eclipse of the sun ments of the day. He admired Palmerston and respected in 1860, and for his improvements in astronomical photoLord Aberdeen, and was of considerable use to both; and graphy. He died on 19th April 1889. (a. a. r .) it was Lord Aberdeen himself who, in 1845, told him of the impending repeal of the Corn Laws, an incident round DdSLWcLl'Ga—One of the Middle Atlantic States of which many incorrect stories have gathered. The history, the American Union, and next to Rhode Island the however, of the events during the thirteen administrations, smallest in extent, Delaware is situated on the Atlantic between 1841 and 1877, in which The Times, and therefore seaboard, and forms part of the peninsula between the Delane, played an important part cannot here be recapitu- Chesapeake and Delaware Bays. Its total land surface is lated. In 1877 his health gave way, and he retired from approximately 1960 square miles. The population in the editorship; and on 22nd November 1879 he died at 1870 was 125,015, of whom 102,221 were white and Ascot. (H- ch-) 22,794 coloured; in 1880 it was 146,608, of whom De la Rue, Warren (1815-1889), British 120,160 were white, 26,442 coloured, 5 civilized Indians, astronomer and chemist, son of Thomas de la Rue, the and' 1 Chinese. In 1890 it was 168,493, of whom 140,066 founder of the large firm of stationers of that name in were white, 28,386 coloured, 37 Chinese, and 4 civilize London, was born in Guernsey on 18th January 1815. Indians. In 1900 the population was 184,735, of whom Having completed his education in Paris, he entered his 153 997 were white, 30,677 negroes, 51 Chinese, 1 father’s business, but in his leisure hours he devoted him- Japanese, and 9 Indians. Out of 54,018 males 21 years self with success to chemical and electrical researches, and of age and over, 7538 were illiterate (unable to write), of between 1836 and 1848 published several papers on these whom 3945 were white and 3593 coloured. Of the total subjects. Towards the end of this period he was attracted population 94,158 (51 per cent.) were males, and 90,557 to astronomy, and with the aid of a 13-inch reflecting (49 per cent.) females; 170,925 (92-5 per cent.) Avere telescope, the optical parts of which were made entirely by native-born, and 13,810 (7-5 per cent.) foreign-born. The himself, he executed many drawings of the celestial bodies increase in population from 1890 to 1900 Avas 9‘b of singular beauty and fidelity. His name, however, per cent., and the number of inhabitants per square mile will be chiefly remembered as one of the earliest and most in 1900 Avas 94-2. There were 35 incorporated cities successful pioneers in the application of the art of photo- and towns. The largest city was Wilmington, with graphy to astronomical research. In the year 1851 his 76,508 inhabitants. The city next in size, Newcastle, attention was drawn to a daguerreotype of the moon by had a population of but 3380, while the largest town, G. P. Bond, which was exhibited at the Great Exhibition Dover, the State capital, had 3329. In Indian River of that year. Encouraged by this first attempt, and Hundred, Sussex county, there lives a race of persons, employing the more rapid wet - collodion process, he nearly white, called “ Indians ” or “ Moors,” whose origin succeeded before long in obtaining _ exquisitely defined is unknown, although local tradition says they are the automatic pictures of the moon, which remained unsur- descendants of some Moorish sailors who Avere cast ashore passed until the appearance of the Rutherfurd photographs years ago in a shipwreck. They do not associate wi