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 D E 0 A Z E V I L L E —D EGAS tion (1880), 9547; (1890), 16,841; (1900), 20,754, of skull, and having a brow-tine. They include the typical, or Red Deer group, containing the Red Deer ((7. elaphus), whom 1939 were foreign-born and 620 negroes. Hangul (C. cashmirianus), Shou (C. affinis), Duke of DOCc&ZGVillGy a town and railway station in the Bedford’s Deer (C. xanthopygus), and the Wapiti (C. arrondissement of Villefranche, department of Aveyron, canadensis), of which a variety is found in Central Asia. France, 22 miles in direct line north-west of Rodez. Coal Also the Sika group (sub-genus Pseudaxis), as represented and iron are worked in the vicinity, and supply the raw by the Japanese Deer (C. sica) and Pekin Deer (G'. material for very important ironworks, first established hortulorum). The Fallow Deer (C.dama) represents a group in the year 1827 by the Due Decazes, which have since by itself. This is followed by the Oriental Rusine group grown to such magnitude that the town ranks as the chief (Rusa), with 3-tined antlers, as represented by the numerous centre of the coal and iron industry in the south-west of races of the Sambar (C. unicolor), the Rusa (C. hippelFrance. Free schools and various benevolent institutions aphus), the Chital (C. axis), and many smaller forms. The for the workpeople are in operation. A statue commemo- Swamp-Deer (C. duvauceli) and Thamin (C. eldi) are rates the founder. Population (1881), 6793; (1896), well-known members of the last, or Rucervine group, 7434, (comm.) 9634; (1901), 11,536. which is likewise Oriental. The five species of Muntjae Decimal System. See Weights and Measures. constitute the fourth genus (Cervulus) of the family; while the fifth is formed by the Tufted Deer (Elaphodus) of D4d4agatch, a seaport of Turkey, capital of the North China and Tibet. Then follows the hornless Chinese province of the same name, about 10 miles north-west of Water-Deer (Hydrelaphus), which is succeeded. by the the mouth of the Maritza. Till 1871 it was a mere cluster Roes (Capreolus). These latter have no brow-tine, and of fishermen’s huts. A new town then began to spring up, the same is the case with the much larger Pere David’s settlers being attracted by the prospect of opening up a trade Deer {Elaphurus davidianus), now known only in captivity. in the products of a vast forest of Yalonia oaks which grew Allied to the last are the numerous species of American near. In 1873 it was made the chief town of a Kaza, to Deer (Mazama), of which the common species ( M. ameriwhich it gave its name, and a Kaimaham was appointed cana) represents one group (Odocoileus), the Marsh-Deer to it. In 1884 it was raised in administrative rank froin a IM. dichotoma) a second (Blastoceros), the Guemals (if. Kaza to a SandjaJc, and the governor became a Mutessarif.. bisulca and if. antisiensis) a third {Xenelaplms),^ and the In 1889 the Greek Archbishopric of Enos was transferred to Brockets a fourth. Lastly, we have the diminutive Dedeagatch. On the opening, early in 1896, of the Con- American Pudus (Pudua), and the Musk-Deer (Moschus), stantinople-Salonica Railway, which has a station here, a which forms a subfamily apart. (r. L .) large proportion of the extensive transit trade which Enos, Dees or D£s, a corporate town of Eastern Hungary, situated at the mouth of the Maritza, had acquired was immediately diverted to Dedeagatch, and an era of un- 48 miles north-north-east of Kolozvar, on the river Szamos. precedented prosperity began; but when the railway con- Population (1900), 9888. Among several ancient buildings necting Burgas on the Black Sea with the interior was the most noteworthy is the Gothic Calvinist church, conopened, in 1898, it lost all it had won from Enos. The structed in 1450. There is a large distillery in the town. Yalonia trade, however, has steadily developed, and is DefianCG, capital of Defiance county, Ohio, U.S.A., supplemented by the export of a certain amount of timber on the Maumee river, at the mouth of the Auglaize, and some almonds. But until the open roadstead is con- at an altitude of 695 feet. It has two railways, the verted into a well-sheltered harbour it will be. impossible Baltimore and Ohio, and the Wabash, and it is the seat for this place to become the entrepot which its position of Defiance College. Population (1880), 5907; (1890), otherwise eminently qualifies it to be. It has no manu- 7694; (1900), 7579, of whom 960 were foreign-born and facturing industry of any kind. Its population numbers 39 negroes. about 4000 souls, of whom 2500 are Greeks. AustriaDegas, Hiiaarc Germain Edgard (1834Hungary, France, Great Britain, Greece, and Russia have French painter, was born in Paris, 19th July 1834. consular representatives at Dedeagatch, and Bulgaria has Entering in 1855 the Ecole des Beaux Arts,, he early an agent there. In digging out the foundations of their developed independence of artistic outlook, studying under houses, the settlers found many ancient tombs. . Probably Lamothe. He first exhibited in the Salon of 1865, conthese are relics, not of the necropolis of the ancient Zone, tributing a “War in the Middle Ages,” a work executed in but of a Teke of Dervishes, of the Dede sect, which was pastel. To this medium he was ever faithful, using it for established shortly after the conquest, and whose occupants some of his best work. In 1866 his “ Steeplechase regave to the place its name—Dedeagatch. vealed him as a painter of the racecourse and. of all the most Dedham, capital of Norfolk county, Massachusetts, modern aspects of life and of Parisian society, treated m U.S.A., with an area of 23 square miles of quite level an extremely original manner. He subsequently exhibited country. There are three villages in the town, known as in 1867 “Family Portraits,” and in 1868 a portrait of a Dedham, East Dedham, and Oakdale. The town is dancer in the “Ballet of La Source.” In 1869 and 1870 traversed by the New York, New Haven, and Hartford he restricted himself to portraits; but.thenceforward he Railway. The chief industry is the manufacture of abandoned the Salons and attached himself to the Imwoollen goods. Population (1880), 6233; (1890), 7123; pressionists. With Manet and Monet he took the lead (1900), 7457, of whom 2186 were foreign-born and 65 of the new school at its first exhibition in 1874, and negroes. repeatedly contributed to these exhibitions (in . > DGGf.—The classification of the family Cervidse has 1878, 1879, and 1880). In 1868 he had shown his. first been much altered since the article in Ency. Brit. vol. vii. study of a dancer, and in numerous pastels he proclaimed was written. Deer are now arranged as follows:—First, himself the painter of the ballet, representing its figurantes the Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), with several local races, in every attitude with more constant aim at truth than distinguished from all other forms by the presence of grace. Several of his works may be seen at the Luxembourg antlers in both sexes. Second, the Elks (Alces), in which Gallery, to which they were bequeathed, among a the antlers diverge at right angles to the middle line of collection of impressionist pictures, by M. Caillebotte. in the skull. Third, the typical Deer (Cervus), characterized 1880 Degas showed his powers of observation m a set ol by the antlers diverging obliquely to the middle line of the “ Portraits of Criminals,” and he attempted modelling m a 398