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CHUQUISACA — CHURCH ARMY yellow silk, white wax, hides, rhubarb, musk, and opium, of the question of the cathedral revenues with the Ecclesiasis here collected and repacked for conveyance to Hankow, tical Commissioners, (3) the reorganization of a conservative Shanghai, or other parts of the empire. The city .was cathedral staff with anomalous vested rights. He described opened to foreign trade by convention with the British the intention of his appointment to be “that St Paul’s Government in 1891, with the proviso, however, that should waken up from its long slumber.” The first year foreign steamers should not be at liberty to trade there that he spent at St Paul’s was, writes one of his friends, until Chinese-owned steamers had succeeded in ascending one of “ misery ” for a man who loved study and quiet and the river. This restriction was abolished by the Japanese the country, and hated official pomp and financial businesstreaty of 1895, which declared Chungking open on the and ceremonious appearances. But he performed his same terms as other ports. Since that date the problem difficult and uncongenial task with almost incredible of steam navigation on the section of the river between success, and is said never to have made an enemy or a Ichang and Chungking has been occupying the attention mistake. The dean was distinguished for uniting in a of practical men. A small steamer has been navigated singular degree the virtues of austerity and sympathy. He up the rapids, but it is a question how far steam navi- was pre-eminently endowed with the faculty of judgment, gation can be made a practical success. At present characterized by Canon Scott Holland as the faculty of the trade is carried by native craft, which are hauled up “ high and fine and sane and robust decision.” Though of against the strength of the current in the worst places unimpressive stature, he had a strong magnetic influence by a line of trackers on the bank. Another difficulty is over all brought into contact with him, and though of a the great rise in the river during the summer months. naturally gentle temperament, he never hesitated to express At Chungking this rise is ordinarily 70 feet, and occasion- censure if he was convinced it was deserved. In the pulpit ally it is as much as 96 feet. The population of Chung- the voice of the dean was deliberately monotonous, and he king, including the city of Kiangpeh on the opposite employed no adventitious gesture. He may be described bank of the Kialing river, is about 300,000. The foreign as a High Churchman, but of an essentially rational type, residents are very few. In 1898 the value of the trade and with an enthusiasm for religious liberty that made it passing through the maritime customs was H. taels impossible for him to sympathize with any unbalanced or 17,426,000 (£2,614,000), and in 1899 H. taels 25,792,000 inconsiderate demands for deference to authority. He (£3,868,000), of which imports, chiefly Manchester goods, said of the Church of England that there was “ no more glorious church in Christendom than this inconsistent counted for £1,961,000. English Church.” The dean often meditated resigning his ChllO|U9SclC«Ly a department of Bolivia, bounded office, though his reputation as an ecclesiastical statesman on the N. by the departments of Cochabamba and Santa stood so high that he was regarded in 1882 as a possible Cruz, on the S. by that of Tarija, on the E. by the Bio successor to Archbishop Tait. But his health and mode of Paraguay, and on the W. by the department of Potosi. . It life made it out of the question. In 1888 his only son has an area of 39,850 square miles, and had a population died; his own health declined, and he appeared for. the in 1893 of 286,710. Its capital is Sucre (26,000). The last time in public at the funeral of Canon Liddon in 1890, department is divided into four provinces, Yamparaez, dying on 9th December 1890, at Dover. He was buried Cinti, Tomina, and Azero, and has 29 schools with about at Whatley. The dean’s chief published works are a Life 2000 pupils. of St Anselm (1870), the lives of Spenser (1879) and Church, Richard William (1815-1890),Dean Bacon (1884) in Macmillan’s “Men of Letters” series, an of St Paul’s, was the son of John Dearman Church, an Essay on Dante (1878), The Oxford Movement (1891), Irish merchant of Quaker ancestry. He was born at together with many other volumes of essays and sermons. Lisbon, 25th April 1815, his early years being mostly In these writings he exhibits a great grasp of principles, spent at Florence. After his father’s death in 1828 he an accurate mastery of detail, and the same fusion of was sent to a school of a pronounced evangelical type at intelligent sympathy and dispassionate judgment that Redlands, Bristol, and went in 1833 to Wadham College, appeared in his handling of business. His style is lucid, Oxford, an evangelical college. He took first-class honours and has the charm of austerity. He stated that he had in 1836, much to his own surprise, and in 1838 was elected never studied style per se, but that he had acquired it fellow of Oriel. One of his contemporaries, Richard by the exercise of translation from classical languages Michell, commenting on this election, said: “ There is that he watched against the temptation of using unreal such a moral beauty about Church that they could not and fine words; that he employed care in his choice of help taking him.” He was appointed tutor of Oriel in verbs rather than in his use of adjectives, and that he 1839, and was ordained the same year. He was an intimate fought against self-indulgence in writing just as he did in friend of Newman’s at this period, and closely allied to the daily life. His sermons have the same quality of selfTractarian party. In 1841 No. 90 of Tracts for the Times restraint. His private letters are fresh and simple, and appeared, and Church resigned his tutorship. In 1844- contain many unaffected epigrams ; in writing of religious 1845 he was junior proctor, and in that capacity, in con- subjects he resolutely avoided dogmatism without ever cert with his senior colleague, vetoed a proposal to censure sacrificing precision. The dean was a man of genius, Tract 90 publicly. In 1846 Church, with others, started whose moral stainlessness and instinctive fire were indi(a. c. be.) the Guardian newspaper. In 1850 he became engaged to cated rather than revealed by his writings. Miss H. F. Bennett, of a Somersetshire family, a niece of Church Army.—The Church Army is an EngBishop Moberly. After again holding the tutorship of Oriel, he accepted in 1852 the small living of Whatley in lish religious organization, which was founded in 1882 Somersetshire, near Frome, and was married in the following by the Rev. Wilson Garble, who banded together in an year. He was a diligent parish priest and a serious student, orderly army of “ soldiers ” and “ officers ” a few working and contributed largely to current literature. In 1869 1m men and women, whom he and others trained to act refused a canonry at Wbrcester, but in 18(1 he accepted, as “ Church of England evangelists ” among the outcasts most reluctantly (calling it “ a sacrifice en pure perte ”), the and criminals of the Westminster slums. Previous deanery of St Paul’s, to which he was nominated by Mr experience had convinced him that wickedness and irreGladstone. His task as dean was a complicated one. It ligion among the lowest classes of the people could best was (1) the restoration of the cathedral, (2) the adjustment be overcome by new and aggressive action on the part