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BEUTHEN — BEZWADA

parliamentary government was restored. He also carried extraordinary difficulty he carried to a successful conon the negotiations with the pope concerning the repeal of clusion a policy which, even if it was not the best the concordat, and in this matter also did much by a imaginable, was probably the best attainable in the liberal policy to relieve Austria from the pressure of insti- circumstances, and it is difficult to name any statesman tutions which had checked the development of the country. of the century to whom Austria has more real ground for In 1868, after giving up his post as minister-president, gratitude. Beust was the author of reminiscences: Aus drei Vicrtd-Jahrhe was appointed chancellor of the empire, and received 2 vols. Stuttgart, 1887.—An English translation was the title of count. His conduct of foreign affairs, hunderten, edited by Baron de Worms ; and he also wrote a shorter work, especially in the matter of the Balkan states and Crete, Erinnerungen zu H. Erinnerungen, Leipzig, 1881, in answer to attacks successfully maintained the position of the empire. In made on him by his former colleague, Herr v. Frieseri, in his remin1869 he accompanied the emperor on his expedition to iscences. See also Ebeling. F. F. Graf v. Beust. Leipzig, 1876. full and careful account of his political career, especially up to the East. He was still to some extent influenced by the A —Diplomatic Sketches: No. 1, Count Beust. By Outsider anti-Prussian feeling he had brought from Saxony. He 1866. (Baron Carl v. Malortie).—Flathe. Geschichte von Sachsen, maintained a close understanding with France, and there vol. hi. Gotha, 1877.—Friesen. Erinnerungen aus mcinem (j. w. He.) can be little doubt that he would have welcomed an Leben. Dresden, 1880. opportunity in his new position of another struggle with Beuthen, a mining town of Prussia, province of his old rival Bismarck. In 1867, however, he helped to Silesia, 121 miles by rail S.E. from Breslau. It is the bring the affair of Luxemburg to a peaceful termination. centre of coal and zinc mines, iron and zinc smelting, In 1870 he did not disguise his sympathy for France, steam planing and saw milling. Population (1885), 30,602; and the failure of all attempts to bring about an inter- (1900), 51,500. vention of the Powers, joined to the action of Russia in Beveren, a town of Belgium, in the province of denouncing the Treaty of Paris, was the occasion of his East Flanders, 29 miles N.E. of Ghent by rail. It has celebrated saying that he was nowhere able to find numerous breweries and manufactures of lace and cigars. Europe. After the war was over he completely accepted Population (1880), 7838; (1897), 9104. the new organization of Germany, and in a meeting with Beverley, an ancient municipal borough and a Bismarck at Gastein laid the foundation for the good market town in the Holderness parliamentary division of understanding between Austria and Germany. In 1871 Yorkshire, England, 8 miles N.N.W. of Hull by rail. he interfered at the last moment, together with Andrassy, Since 1889 it has been the seat of a suffragan bishopric. to prevent the emperor accepting the federalist plans of Amongst its public buildings are the minster and the Hohenwart. He was successful, but at the same time he parish church of St Mary’s, two of the finest examples of was dismissed from office. The precise cause for this is Early English architecture, various Nonconformist chapels, not known, and no reason was given him. a cottage hospital, waterworks, and (under one building) a At Beust’s own request he was appointed Austrian corn exchange, butter market, and swimming baths. Its ambassador at London; in 1878 he was transferred to staple trades are tanning, the manufacture of agricultural Paris; in 1882 he retired from public life. He died at implements, wood - carving, and matting. It possesses his villa at Altenberg, near Vienna, on the 24th of communication with the port of Hull by water, and thence October 1886, leaving two sons, who hold positions in to all parts. The corporation own the gasworks and the the Austrian diplomatic service. His wife, a Bavarian electric lighting works. The borough comprises three lady, survived him only a few weeks. His elder brother parishes, with a total area of 2411 acres of common Friederich Constantine, who was at the head of the Saxon pasture land. Population (1881), 11,425 ; (1901), 13,183. department for mines, was the author of several works on Beverly, a seaboard city of Essex county, in Eastern mining and geology, a subject in which other members of Massachusetts, U.S.A., situated on the north shore of the family had distinguished themselves. Beust was in many ways a diplomatist of the old Massachusetts Bay, opposite Salem, and 17 miles N.E. of school. He had great social gifts and personal graces; Boston. The principal village, of the same name, is on the he was proud of his proficiency in the lighter arts of Boston and Maine railway. Beverly received a city charter composing waltzes and vers de societe. His chief fault was in 1893. Population (1880), 8456 ; (1900), 13,884. Bexley, a large parish, urban district, and village, in vanity, but it was an amiable weakness. It was more vanity than rancour which made him glad to appear even the Hartford parliamentary division of Kent, England, 12 in later years as the great opponent of Bismarck; and if miles from London by rail. The urban district includes he cared too much for popularity, and was very sensitive Bexley Heath, with Welling, and Lamorbey or Halfway to neglect, the saying attributed to Bismarck, that if his Street, and has an area of 5328 acres. Population (1891), vanity was taken away there would be nothing left, is 10,605; (1901), over 12,000. very unjust. He was apt to look more to the form than Bezae Codex. See Codex Bezae. the substance, and attached too much importance to the Beziers, chief town of arrondissement, department verbal victory of a well-written despatch; but when the of Herault, France, 45 miles W.S.W. of Montpellier, on opportunity was given him he showed higher qualities. railway to Narbonne. The Allees Paul Biquet is a handIn the crisis of 1849 he displayed considerable courage, some promenade adorned with a statue of Riquet. The and never lost his judgment even in personal danger. If Canal du Midi here crosses the Orbe by a fine bridgehe was defeated in his German policy, it must be remem- aqueduct, and about half-a-mile from the town are the bered that Bismarck held all the good cards, and in 1866 large locks of Fonserannes, in which the water is raised 80 Saxony was the only one of the smaller states which feet in 330 yards to the level of the Orb. The distilling entered on the war with an army properly equipped and of brandy has far outdistanced all other industries, and ready at the moment. That he was no mere reactionary most of the manufactures of the town are more or less the whole course of his government in Saxony, and still connected with the trade. Population (1881), 37,824; more in Austria, shows. His Austrian policy has been (1896), 41,706, (comm.) 45,260; (1901), 52,310. much criticized, on the ground that in establishing the Bezwada, a town of British India, in the Kistna system of dualism he gave too much to Hungary, and district of Madras, on the left bank of the river Ivistna, at did not really understand Austrian affairs. This is probably true, but it remains the fact that in a crisis of the head of its delta; population, about 20,000. The