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 A D A N A —A DEN 63 tion; many of his papers, indeed, bear the cast of Newton’s the city and suburbs within a 10-mile radius, 162,094. thought. He laboured for many years at the task of ar- The principal suburbs are Burnside, 7763; Glenelg’(like ranging and cataloguing the great collection of Newton’s Semaphore, a resort on the coast of the gulf), 3946 ; unpublished mathematical writings, presented in 1872 to Hindmarsh, 9984; Kensington and Norwood, 12,562 ; the University by Lord Portsmouth. The account of these, Port Adelaide, 20,062; St Peter’s, 7605 ; Thebarton’ issued in a volume by the University Press in 1888, is by 5297; and Unley, 18,119. The streets are generally broad, his hand. The post of Astronomer Royal was offered him well kept, and well drained; horse tramcars run through in 1881, but he preferred to pursue his peaceful course of the principal thoroughfares; and arrangements have teaching and research in Cambridge. He was British been made with a private company to light certain parts delegate to the International Prime Meridian Conference at of the city with electricity. A university was established Washington in 1884, when he also attended the meetings in 1874, and receives a Government grant of £3200 per of the British Association at Montreal and of the American annum. It has also been magnificently endowed by Sir Association at Philadelphia. Five years later his health Thomas Elder, a former citizen, who presented £30,000 gave way, and after a long illness he died at the Cambridge for a medical school, £20,000 for arts and science Observatory on 21st January lo92, and was buried in St faculties, £20,000 for a chair of music, and £25,000 for Giles’ cemetery, near his home. An international committee the general funds of the university. Other educational was formed for the purpose of erecting a monument to institutions include a technical college with over 300 his memory in Westminster Abbey; and there, in May scholars, and a school of mines and industries with over 1895, a portrait medallion, by Albert Bruce Joy, was 800. There are extensive Government buildings and law placed near the grave of Newton, and adjoining the courts, a fine museum and free library, an institute containmemorials of Darwin and of Joule. His bust, by the ing a library, an art gallery containing several splendid same sculptor, stands opposite that of Herschel in the hall specimens of modern art, a town hall, a stock exchange, two of St John’s College, Cambridge, of which both were fellows. handsome markets—one the property of the corporation, Herkomer’s portrait is in Pembroke College; and Mogford’s, a hospital, two theatres, an academy of music, city baths, painted in 1851, is in the combination room of St John’s. two lunatic asylums, and several charitable institutions. Another bust, taken in his youth, belongs to the Royal The general post office also deserves special mention, Astronomical Society. A memorial tablet, with an in- being one of the finest in Australasia. The large hall scription by Archbishop Benson, is placed in the Cathedral of the exhibition building is largely used for the purpose of at Truro; and Mr Passmore Edwards erected a public in- entertainments. Among the monuments are one to Colonel stitute in his honour at Launceston, near his birthplace. Light, the founder of the colony, statues of Queen Victoria The Scientific Papers of John Couch Adams, 4to, vol. i. (1896) and Robert Burns, and copies of the Farnese Hercules and and vol. ii. (1900), edited by William Grylls Adams and Ralph Allen Sampson, with a memoir by Dr J. W. L. Glaisher, and his Canova’s Venus. The city is surrounded by park lands, Lectures on the Lunar Theory, edited by Professor Sampson, have and also contains botanic gardens and a fine collection of been published by the Cambridge University Press. zoological specimens. Near Glenelg stands Morpethville racecourse. The thermometer in summer frequently stands (1) a lurkish vilayet in the S.E. of Asia as high as 110° F. in the shade, hot winds blowing the Minor, which includes the ancient Cilicia. The mountain while from the interior, but during the rest of the year the districts are rich in mineral wealth, and the fertile coast- climate is mild and pleasant. During a period of about plain is well watered by the rivers that descend from the thirty years the mean annual rainfall has been 20-4 inches. Taurus range. Imports and exports pass through Mersina. The Adelaide city government is regarded as more progressive Pop. 405,000 (Moslems, 158,000; Ansaneh, Ac., 73,000- than that of any other Australian capital. The municipal Christians, 174,000). (2) The chief town of the vilayet^ council consists of a mayor and six aldermen, elected by the whole situated ^ in the alluvial plain on the right bank of the body of ratepayers, and twelve councillors elected by six wards. Silnin, farm, which is navigable for small craft to its In no other Australian city is the mayor elected by the ratepayers The drainage is managed on a carefully-planned mouth. It is. connected with Tarsus and Mersina by a generally. system. For the water-supply there are three storage reservoirs, railway built in 1887, and has good buildings, river-side with a capacity of about 3,550,000,000 gallons of w-ater, and several quays, cotton-mills, and an American mission with church service reservoirs. The telephone system is owned by the state. and schools. Adana, which retains its ancient name, rose South Adelaide is the principal business part of the city, which is the central share-market in Australia for the West Australian goldto importance as a station on the Roman military road to fields, and also for the silver-mines of Broken Hill, and the copperthe east, and was at one time a rival of Tarsus. During mines of Wallaroo, Burra Burra, and Moonta in South Australia. the Middle Ages it often changed hands and suffered many Viewed from the standpoint of trade Port Adelaide is the third vicissitudes. It is the seat of a British vice-consul. Popu- port of Australia. In 1900 the imports were valued at £4,739,483 the exports at £4,363,971. This suburb is also an importlation, 31,000 (Moslems, 14,000; Christians and Ansarleh, and ant manufacturing centre. Altogether four daily newspapers are 17,000). issued in Adelaide. (j D F ) Addigrat.

See Abyssinia.

Addis-ahbaba.

See Abyssinia.

Adelsbergr (Slovene, Postojna), a market town in the Austrian duchy of Carniola, chief town of the district of the same name. Population of commune (1890), 3597, of whom 140 were German and the remainder Slovenes; (1900), 3636.. The total length of the passages in the celebrated stalactite cavern, about a mile from the town, is now over 5J miles. The connexion with the Ottokar Grotto was established in 1890. The Magdalene Grotto, about an hour s walk to the north, is celebrated for the extraordinary subterranean amphibian, the proteus anguinus, first discovered there. It is about a foot in length, lives on snails and worms, and is provided with both lungs and gills.

Adelaide, the capital of South Australia, 7 miles from the mouth of the Torrens river, in 34° 57' S. lat. and 138 38 L. long. Built on a broad plain running between a range of mountain ■ and the gulf of St Vincent, it is connected by rail with the sea at several points besides Port Adelaide i miles away, including Largs Bay, where the great ocean liners anchor. It is also the terminus of an extensive railway system, of which the main line runs through Melbourne, Sydney, and Brisbane to Rockhampton. Of late years the population, and more especiAden, a seaport and territory in Arabia, politically ally that of the outlying suburbs, has rapidly increased. part of British India, under the governor of Bombay. The The city generally contained in 1901 38,981 inhabitants; seaport is situated in 12° 45' N. lat. and 45° 4' E. long.,