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 ASCENSIO N —A S H T O N-U N D E R-L Y N E 705 vigour of it came from Asbjornsen and the charm from 82° 33' W. long., on a terrace above the French Broad, on Moe, but the fact seems to be that from the long habit of the north bank, at the mouth of the Swananoa, and at writing in unison they had come to adopt almost precisely an altitude of 2000 feet. The site is uneven and the identical modes of literary expression. (e. g.) plan is irregular. It is noted as a winter health Ascension, an island situated in the Atlantic resort, particularly for Northern people. It is entered by Ocean, 800 miles north-west of St Helena. It is described the Southern railway, by which it has connexions eastin the Reports of the Challenger as “a series of extinct ward and westward. It is the seat of Asheville Female volcano cones.” Ascension was compared by Darwin “ to College. Near it is Mr G. W. Vanderbilt’s estate, a huge ship kept in first-rate order.” It is under the Biltmore, of 100,000 acres, mainly forest land, on which jurisdiction of the Admiralty, is garrisoned by marines, and tree culture has been conducted on a large scale. Popuis rated as a ship of war. The bare hills have been covered lation (1900), 14,694. with plants and shrubs, a road has been constructed for Ashford, a market-town and railway station in the six miles from the landing-place, and a good water supply Ashford parliamentary division of Kent, England, on the secured. The average rainfall is slight, March and April Esshe, a branch of the Stour, 14 miles S.W. of Canterbury. being the rainy months. Population, about 160 sailors, Ashford has agricultural implement works, breweries, and marines, and Krumen from the Liberian coast. Fish, locomotive and carriage works. Area of urban district, turtle, and edible birds’ eggs are the chief products. 2850 acres; population (1891), 10,728; (1901), 12,808. Aschy a manufacturing town of Bohemia, in the Ashland, a city of Boyd county, Kentucky, U.S.A., government district of Eger, near the Saxon and Bavarian situated in the north-eastern part of the state, on the frontiers, and a station on the Bavarian State Railway. south bank of the Ohio and on the Chesapeake and Ohio Population in 1890, 15,556 ; in 1900, 19,146 (all German railway, at an altitude of 537 feet. It has important —70 per cent. Protestant, 30 per cent. Roman Catholic). iron manufactures and considerable commerce, especially It is the seat of a Protestant superintendent, whose by river. Population (1900), 6800. jurisdiction extends over fourteen villages, of which six Ashland, a borough of Schuylkill county, in eastern are in Bavaria. It contains monuments to Luther and to Pennsylvania, U.S. A., situated in the anthracite coal region, the Germanizing and liberal Austrian emperor, Joseph II. at an altitude of 856 feet; a coal-mining place on the Important textile industry employs 11,000 hands, and Lehigh Valley and the Philadelphia and Reading railways. there are manufactures of knitted goods (2300 hands), Population (1900), 6438. leather, machinery, bleaching, dyeing, brewing, &c. Ashland, a city of Wisconsin, U.S.A., and capital Aschaffenburgf, a town of Bavaria, Germany, of Ashland county, situated in the northern part of the district Lower Franconia, on the right bank of the Main, state, at the head of Chaquamegon Bay, an arm of Lake 26 miles S.E. from Frankfort by rail. The parish church Superior. It is in 46° 35' N. lat. and 90° 58' W. long., of Our Lady and the church of St. Agatha have been at an altitude of 678 feet. It was founded in 1885 by lately restored. There is an archaeological museum. the discovery of the Gogebic Range iron mines, 40 miles Ready-made clothing, paper, cellulose, tobacco, lime, and south-east. Its plan is regular. The Northern Pacific, liqueurs are manufactured. Population (1900), 18,091. the Wisconsin Central, the Chicago, St Paul, Minneapolis, In March and July 1901 two suburbs were incorporated, and Omaha, and the Chicago and North-Western railways raising the total population to 22,181. serve it; and it has also an extensive lake commerce, Aschersleben, a town of Prussia, province of principally in lumber and iron ore. Population (1890), Saxony, 36 miles by rail N.W. from Halle. There are 9956 ; (1895), 12,310; (1900), 13,074. iron, zinc, and chemical manufactures, and the cultivation Ashtabula, a city of Ashtabula county, Ohio, of agricultural seeds. Here are brine springs and baths. U.S.A. in the north-eastern part of the state, near the shore Population (1885), 21,519; (1900), 27,245. of Lake Erie; altitude, 647 feet. It is an important Ascoli Piceno, a town and bishop’s see of Italy railway centre, being traversed by two great trunk lines and (the Marches), capital of the province of Ascoli, situated the terminus of a third. Having a fine harbour, it is a on the E. side of the Apennines, 57 miles by rail S. from considerable lake port, shipping vast quantities of iron ore, Ancona. The cathedral was restored in 1888, and is in transport from the iron ranges of Lake Superior to Pittsadorned with modern frescoes. There are an antiquarian burg for smelting. Population (1900), 12,949. museum, an agricultural school, and a training school for Ashton-in-Makerfield, a township in the female teachers. The industries of Ascoli include silk- Newton parliamentary division of Lancashire, England, 7 worm breeding, flour-mills, brickworks, limekilns, potteries, miles N. by W. of Warrington. The district is rich in and factories for furniture and vehicles. Population, minerals and has large collieries, and a colliery company’s commune (1881), 23,225, (1901), 28,882; province (1881), institute; iron goods are manufactured. Area of urban 209,185, (1901), 245,883. district, 6250 acres. Population (1901), 18,687. Ashanti. See Gold Coast. Ashton-under-Lyne, a municipal and parliaAshby - de - la - Zouch, a market-town and mentary borough (one member) of Lancashire, England, railway station, in the Bosworth parliamentary division on the Tame, 6^ miles E. of Manchester by rail. Modern of Leicestershire, England, 16 miles jST.W. by W. of structures are a church, a Congregational chapel (£50,000), Leicester. The old church of St. Helen has been restored a theatre, a technical school, a school of art and free library, and enlarged, a Queen Eleanor cross erected to the a children’s hospital, andja new post-office. The marketCountess of Loudoun, a grammar school built, the charity place and town hall have been enlarged. There is a public Bluecoat and Greencoat schools have been enlarged, and a park of 64 acres. Population of municipal borough in cottage hospital has been opened. Area of urban district 1881, 37,040; in 1891, 40,463 ; in 1901, 43,890. In (co-extensive with parish), 6061 acres; population (1901), November 1898, a portion of the urban district of Dukin4722. field in Cheshire was added to the borough of AshtonAsheville, a city of North Carolina, U.S.A., and under-Lyne, and part of the borough was transferred to capital of Buncombe county. It is situated in the western, Dukinfield. As rearranged, the municipal borough has an mountainous part of the state, in 35° 35' N. lat. and area of 1396 acres. S. I. — 89