Page:1899 The Growth of Cities in the Nineteenth Century.djvu/26

 xiv CONTENTS PAGE German and English experience * 356 Occupational mortality 359 Infant mortality 360 Influence of migration 365 CHAPTER VII The Physical and Moral Health of City and Country Are cities the cause of race deterioration ? 368 Hansen's plea for the peasantry and indictment of cities examined 370 (i) Do the city-born reside in the poorest quarters of the city, the country-born in the wealthiest ?"•..•• 37 1 (2) Do the city-born predominate in the unskilled occupations and lowest social ranks ? 373 (3) Do the cities contribute disproportionately to the ranks of paupers and degenerates? 383 (4) Would cities die out if the current of migration were to cease ? . . 386 (5) Is the intellectual aristocracy incapable of self-continuance ? . . . 387 The cities as the instruments of natural selection 388 Hansen's Bevolkerungsstrom 388 Rise of the immigrants in city industrial ranks 389 Physical infirmities 392 Stature 393 Girth of chest 393 Military efficiency 395 Conclusions as to physical vigor, 396 Moral conditions , 397 Intelligence 397 Religion and morality 399 Suicide 401 Crime 403 Conclusions as to urban morality 407 CHAPTER VIII General Effects of the Concentration of Population Economic conditions in city and country 410 Statistics of income 41 1 Wages of unskilled labor 41 1 Cost of living 412 City rents 413 Overcrowding 414