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 occurs through negligence of the offender, the offender shall be liable on grounds of negligence in the event that the law specifically prescribes that a person who commits such an act shall be punished even when committing it negligently.

A person shall be punished more heavily by virtue of any fact only when he is required to have known such fact.

If an outcome of any offence results in the offender being punished more heavily, the outcome of such offence must be one which can normally occur.

No person can excuse himself from criminal liability citing ignorance of law. However, if the court finds that, according to his nature and circumstances, the offender might have not known that the law prescribes his act to be an offence, the court may permit him to present evidence before the court, and if the court believes that the offender did not know of such a legal provision, the court may punish him more lightly in any degree than that prescribed by the law for his offence.

Whoever committed an offence whilst being unable to discern right from wrong or unable to direct himself because of a mental defect, mental disease, or mental disorder, shall not be punished for such offence.