Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Series I/Volume IX/Prolegomena/Part 1

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By Philip Schaff.

.—Literature.

, archiepiscopi Constantinopolitani, Opera omnia qu&#230; exstant vel qu&#230; ejus nomine circumferuntur, ad codices Gallicos, Vaticanos, Anglicos, Germanicosque castigata, etc. Opera et studio D., monachi ordinis S. Benedicti e congregatione S. Mauri, opem ferentibus aliis ex codem sodalitio, monachis. Greek and Latin, Paris, 1718&#8211;&#8217;38, in 13 vols., fol. This is the best edition, and the result of about twenty years of the patient labor of Montfaucon (d. Dec. 21, 1741, 86 years old), and several assistants of the brotherhood of St. Maur. More than three hundred were made use of, but the eight principal , as Field has shown, were not very carefully collated. Montfaucon, who at the date of the completion of his edition was 83 years old, prepared valuable prefaces to every treatise and set of homilies, arranged the works in chronological order, and added in vol. XIII. learned dissertations on the life, doctrine, discipline and heresies of the age of Chrysostom.

The Benedictine edition was reprinted at Venice, 1734&#8211;&#8217;41, in 13 vols. fol.; at Paris, ed. by, 1834&#8211;&#8217;39, in 13 vols. (an elegant edition, with some additions); and, with various improvements and corrections, by, Petit-Montrouge, 1859&#8211;&#8217;63, in 13 vols. The last is the most complete edition, but inferior in paper and type to that of Gaume. Migne uses the critical text of Field in Matthew and the Pauline Epp. He had previously edited a Latin Version, 1842, in 9 vols.

The edition of Sir (Provost of Eton), Eton&#230;, 1612, in 8 vols. fol., is less complete than the Benedictine edition, but gives a more correct Greek text (as was shown by F. D&#252;bner from a collation of manuscripts) and valuable notes. Savile personally examined the libraries of Europe and spent &#163;8,000 on his edition. His wife was so jealous of his devotion to Chrysostom that she threatened to burn his manuscripts.

The edition of, a French Jesuit, and the two brothers, and , was published at Paris, 1636, in 12 vols. fol., Greek and Latin.

A selection of Chrysostom&#8217;s works (Opera pr&#230;stantissima) in Greek and Latin, was edited by Rudolphopoli (Rudolstadt), 1840 (unfinished).

The best edition of the Greek text of the Homilies on Matthew, and all the Pauline Epistles is by Dr., of the Church of England (d. 1883), in the “Bibliotheca Patrum Ecclesi&#230; Orientalis qui ante Orientis et Occidentis schisma floruerunt.” The Homilies on Matthew appeared at Cambridge, 1839, 3 vols.; the Homilies on the Epistles of Paul and the Hebrews, Oxford, 1839&#8211;&#8217;62, in 7 vols.

The treatise De Sacerdotio (&#960;&#949;&#961;&#8055; &#7985;&#949;&#961;&#969;&#963;&#8059;&#957;&#951;&#962;) was separately edited by in Greek (Basel, 1525, from the press of Frobenius), by, in Greek and Latin (Cambridge, 1710), and by , the commentator, in Greek (Stuttgart, 1725, and repeatedly reprinted since at Leipzig, 1825, 1834, 1872, by C. Tauchnitz). (Chrys. Opera, pp. viii. and ix.) enumerates twenty-three separate editions and translations of the treatise on the Priesthood.

.—(a)

The treatise on the Priesthood has been translated by, 1820; , 1821, and others. The Bibliothek der Kirchenv&#228;ter (Rom. Cath.), published at Kempten in Bavaria, devotes ten small volumes to St. Chrysostom, including the Priesthood, ascetic Treatises, and Homilies, translated by, 1869&#8211;&#8217;84. German translations of selected Homilies by (Leipzig, 1748&#8211;&#8217;51, 10 vols.); (Augsburg, 1786); (N&#252;rnberg, 1830);  (Trier, 1835); (Predigten der Kirchenv&#228;ter, vols. I. and II., Leipzig, 1839); (T&#252;bingen, 2d ed. 1859); (Leipzig, 1888, selected sermons and orations, in vol I. of Klassikerbibliothek der Christl. Predigtliteratur).

(b)

The work on the Priesthood was translated by (London, 1728); (London, 1759); (Cambridge, 1837); (London, 1844); (London, 1866); and  (N. York, 1888, prepared for this “Library”).

The Homilies on the Statues and on the New Testament were translated by several scholars for the “Oxford Library of the Fathers,” 1839&#8211;&#8217;77, 16 vols. The earlier parts (on the First Epistle to the Corinthians, and on the Statues) are based on the text of Montfaucon and Savile, the later parts on the improved text of Field. The Oxford translation has been revised and annotated by American scholars for this “Library,” and new translations of other works of St. Chrysostom have been added, namely, the treatise on the Priesthood, the Exhortation to the fallen Theodore, Letters, Tracts, and Special Homilies (in this first volume).

(a friend of Chrysostom and bishop of Helenopolis in Bithynia, author of the Historia Lausiaca; according to others a different person): Dialogus historicus de vita et conversatione beati Joannis Chrysostomi cum Theodoro ecclesi&#230; Roman&#230; diacono (in the Bened. edition of the Opera, tom. xiii. pp. 1&#8211;89; in ed., tom. i., Pars prior, 5&#8211;84, in Greek and Latin). : De viris illustribus, c. 129 (a very brief notice, mentioning only the work De Sacerdotio). : ''Hist. Eccl''. VI., 3&#8211;21. : ''Hist. Eccl''. VIII. 2&#8211;23. : ''Hist. Eccl''. V. 27&#8211;36. : Vita Joannis Chrysost. (in his edition of the Opera, tom. xiii. 91&#8211;178; in, I.I. 84&#8211;264): ''Testimonia Veterum de S. Joann. Chrys. scriptis, ibid''. tom. xiii. 256&#8211;292. : M&#233;moires, vol. XI. pp. 1&#8211;405, 547&#8211;626 (exceedingly minute and accurate from the works of Chrys.). : Acta Sanctorum, Sept. 14 (the day of Chrysostom&#8217;s death), tom. iv. pp. 401&#8211;709; comp. ''Compendium chronologicum gestorum et scriptorum S. Joh. Chrys''., in, tom. i. 264&#8211;272. : Lives of Saints, sub. Jan. 27 (the day of the translation of the remains of Chrys.). : Lives of the Fathers, vol. III. p. 237 sqq. viii. 454 sqq. : Kirchengeschichte, vol. X. p. 309 sqq. xxxii. (a brilliant and appreciative sketch). : Der heilige Chrysostomus, 1821&#8211;&#8217;22, in 3 vols., second ed. 1832, third ed. Berlin, 1848, in 2 vols. (English translation of the same by, vol. I., London, 1838, unfinished). The best monograph in the German language. Neander represents Chrysostom as a type of the Johannean tendency among the Fathers, as distinct from Augustin, the strongest type of the Pauline tendency. He gives a full account of the opinions and religious life of Chrysostom, but without a clear picture of his personality. ( says: “Neander hat uns das Lebensbild des Chrys. aufgestellt als ein Herzensverwandter, doch nicht ohne einige Abschw&#228;chung seiner Kraft und seines Gegensatzes zur Regierung.” K. Gesch. I. 511.) : ''Chrys. homileta'', Lund, 1833. : ''S. Jean Chrys. comme pr&#233;dicateur'', Strassb., 1837. 1854. : St. Jean Chrysostome consid&#233;r&#233; comme orateur populaire, Paris, 1858. Abb&#233; : Saint Jean Chrysostome, ses &#339;uvres et son si&#232;cle, Montpellier and Paris, 1861, 3 vols. Abb&#233; : Histoire de S. Jean Chrysostome, Paris, 1866, 2 vols. : St. Chrysostome et l&#8217;imperatrice Eudoxie, 2d ed., Paris, 1874 (originally in the “Revue des deux Mondes”). : Johann Chrysostomus und Olympias, in “''Kirchengesch. in Biogr''.,” vol. IX. new ed. 1876. : Chrysostomus in seinem Verh&#228;ltniss zur Antiochenischen Schule, Gotha, 1869. : John of the Golden Mouth, Lond. 1871. (the best biography of Chr.). , Life and Times of Chrysostom, London, Rel. Tract Soc., 1885.
 * Biblioth Gr., tom.
 * Decline and Fall, ch.
 * Tableau de l&#8217;&#233;loquence chr&#233;tienne au quatri&#232;me si&#232;cle, Paris, 1849, new ed. 1857. : Life of Chrysostom, Boston,
 * St. John Chrysostom, his Life and Times, London, 1872, 2d ed. 1880, 3rd ed. 1883

Canon : in “Smith and Wace,” I. 518&#8211;535 (a very good sketch). III. 225&#8211;231. E. : in “Encyclop&#233;die,” etc., III. 165&#8211;176. : Church Hist. III. 702 sqq., 933 sqq., 1036 sq. : Kirchengesch. (Vorlesungen, 1885), I. 510 sqq. F. W. London, 1889. Vol. II. 460&#8211;527.
 * in Herzog, 2d ed.,
 * Lives of the Fathers,