National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008/Title XI

SEC. 1101. SPACE WEATHER.

 * (a) Plan for Replacement of Advanced Composition Explorer at L-1 Lagrangian Point-
 * (1) PLAN- The Director of OSTP shall develop a plan for sustaining space-based measurements of solar wind from the L-1 Lagrangian point in space and for the dissemination of the data for operational purposes. OSTP shall consult with NASA, NOAA, and other Federal agencies, and with industry, in developing the plan.
 * (2) REPORT- The Director shall transmit the plan to Congress not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act.
 * (b) Assessment of the Impact of Space Weather on Aviation-
 * (1) STUDY- The Director of OSTP shall enter into an arrangement with the National Research Council for a study of the impacts of space weather on the current and future United States aviation industry, and in particular to examine the risks for Over-The-Pole (OTP) and Ultra-Long-Range (ULR) operations. The study shall--
 * (A) examine space weather impacts on, at a minimum, communications, navigation, avionics, and human health in flight;
 * (B) assess the benefits of space weather information and services to reduce aviation costs and maintain safety; and
 * (C) provide recommendations on how NOAA, the National Science Foundation, and other relevant agencies, can most effectively carry out research and monitoring activities related to space weather and aviation.
 * (2) REPORT- A report containing the results of the study shall be provided to the Committee on Science and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act.

SEC. 1102. INITIATION OF DISCUSSIONS ON DEVELOPMENT OF FRAMEWORK FOR SPACE TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT.

 * (a) Finding- Congress finds that as more countries acquire the capability for launching payloads into outer space, there is an increasing need for a framework under which information intended to promote safe access into outer space, operations in outer space, and return from outer space to Earth free from physical or radio-frequency interference can be shared among those countries.
 * (b) Discussions- The Administrator shall, in consultation with such other agencies of the Federal Government as the Administrator considers appropriate, initiate discussions with the appropriate representatives of other space-faring countries to determine an appropriate frame-work under which information intended to promote safe access into outer space, operations in outer space, and return from outer space to Earth free from physical or radio-frequency interference can be shared among those nations.

SEC. 1103. ASTRONAUT HEALTH CARE.

 * (a) Survey- The Administrator shall administer an anonymous survey of astronauts and flight surgeons to evaluate communication, relationships, and the effectiveness of policies. The survey questions and the analysis of results shall be evaluated by experts independent of NASA. The survey shall be administered on at least a biennial basis.
 * (b) Report- The Administrator shall transmit a report of the results of the survey to Congress not later than 90 days following completion of the survey.

SEC. 1104. NATIONAL ACADEMIES DECADAL SURVEYS.

 * (a) In General- The Administrator shall enter into agreements on a periodic basis with the National Academies for independent assessments, also known as decadal surveys, to take stock of the status and opportunities for Earth and space science discipline fields and Aeronautics research and to recommend priorities for research and programmatic areas over the next decade.
 * (b) Independent Cost Estimates- The agreements described in subsection(a) shall include independent estimates of the life cycle costs and technical readiness of missions assessed in the decadal surveys whenever possible.
 * (c) Reexamination- The Administrator shall request that each National Academies decadal survey committee identify any conditions or events, such as significant cost growth or scientific or technological advances, that would warrant NASA asking the National Academies to reexamine the priorities that the decadal survey had established.

SEC. 1105. INNOVATION PRIZES.

 * (a) In General- Prizes can play a useful role in encouraging innovation in the development of technologies and products that can assist NASA in its aeronautics and space activities, and the use of such prizes by NASA should be encouraged.
 * (b) Amendments- Section 314 of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 is amended--
 * (1) by amending subsection (b) to read as follows:


 * `(b) Topics- In selecting topics for prize competitions, the Administrator shall consult widely both within and outside the Federal Government, and may empanel advisory committees. The Administrator shall give consideration to prize goals such as the demonstration of the ability to provide energy to the lunar surface from space-based solar power systems, demonstration of innovative near-Earth object survey and deflection strategies, and innovative approaches to improving the safety and efficiency of aviation systems.'; and


 * (2) in subsection (i)(4) by striking `$10,000,000' and inserting `$50,000,000'.

SEC. 1106. COMMERCIAL SPACE LAUNCH RANGE STUDY.

 * (a) Study by Interagency Committee- The Director of OSTP shall work with other appropriate Federal agencies to establish an interagency committee to conduct a study to--
 * (1) identify the issues and challenges associated with establishing space launch ranges and facilities that are fully dedicated to commercial space missions in close proximity to Federal launch ranges or other Federal facilities; and
 * (2) develop a coordinating mechanism such that States seeking to establish such commercial space launch ranges will be able to effectively and efficiently interface with the Federal Government concerning issues related to the establishment of such commercial launch ranges in close proximity to Federal launch ranges or other Federal facilities.
 * (b) Report- The Director shall, not later than May 31, 2010, submit to the Committee on Science and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report on the results of the study conducted under subsection (a).

SEC. 1107. NASA OUTREACH PROGRAM.

 * (a) Establishment- NASA shall competitively select an organization to partner with NASA centers, aerospace contractors, and academic institutions to carry out a program to help promote the competitiveness of small, minority-owned, and women-owned businesses in communities across the United States through enhanced insight into the technologies of NASA's space and aeronautics programs. The program shall support the mission of NASA's Innovative Partnerships Program with its emphasis on joint partnerships with industry, academia, government agencies, and national laboratories.
 * (b) Program Structure- In carrying out the program described in subsection (a), the organization shall support the mission of NASA's Innovative Partnerships Program by undertaking the following activities:
 * (1) Facilitating the enhanced insight of the private sector into NASA's technologies in order to increase the competitiveness of the private sector in producing viable commercial products.
 * (2) Creating a network of academic institutions, aerospace contractors, and NASA centers that will commit to donating appropriate technical assistance to small businesses, giving preference to socially and economically disadvantaged small business concerns, small business concerns owned and controlled by service-disabled veterans, and HUBZone small business concerns. This paragraph shall not apply to any contracting actions entered into or taken by NASA.
 * (3) Creating a network of economic development organizations to increase the awareness and enhance the effectiveness of the program nationwide.
 * (c) Report- Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Administrator shall submit a report to the Committee on Science and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate describing the efforts and accomplishments of the program established under subsection (a) in support of NASA's Innovative Partnerships Program. As part of the report, the Administrator shall provide--
 * (1) data on the number of small businesses receiving assistance, jobs created and retained, and volunteer hours donated by NASA, contractors, and academic institutions nationwide;
 * (2) an estimate of the total dollar value of the economic impact made by small businesses that received technical assistance through the program; and
 * (3) an accounting of the use of funds appropriated for the program.

SEC. 1108. REDUCTION-IN-FORCE MORATORIUM.
NASA shall not initiate or implement a reduction-in-force, or conduct any other involuntary separations of permanent, non-Senior Executive Service, civil servant employees before December 31, 2010, except for cause on charges of misconduct, delinquency, or inefficiency.

SEC. 1109. PROTECTION OF SCIENTIFIC CREDIBILITY, INTEGRITY, AND COMMUNICATION WITHIN NASA.

 * (a) Sense of the Congress- It is the sense of Congress that NASA should not dilute, distort, suppress, or impede scientific research or the dissemination thereof.
 * (b) Study- Within 60 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall--
 * (1) initiate a study to be completed within 270 days to determine whether the regulations set forth in part 1213 of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, are being implemented in a clear and consistent manner by NASA to ensure the dissemination of research; and
 * (2) transmit a report to the Congress setting forth the Comptroller General's findings, conclusions, and recommendations.
 * (c) Research- The Administrator shall work to ensure that NASA's policies on the sharing of climate related data respond to the recommendations of the Government Accountability Office's report on climate change research and data-sharing policies and to the recommendations on the processing, distribution, and archiving of data by the National Academies Earth Science Decadal Survey, `Earth Science and Applications from Space', and other relevant National Academies reports, to enhance and facilitate their availability and widest possible use to ensure public access to accurate and current data on global warming.

SEC. 1110. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING THE NEED FOR A ROBUST WORKFORCE.
It is the sense of Congress that--
 * (1) a robust and highly skilled workforce is critical to the success of NASA's programs;
 * (2) voluntary attrition, the retirement of many senior workers, and difficulties in recruiting could leave NASA without access to the intellectual capital necessary to compete with its global competitors; and
 * (3) NASA should work cooperatively with other agencies of the United States Government responsible for programs related to space and the aerospace industry to develop and implement policies, including those with an emphasis on improving science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education at all levels, to sustain and expand the diverse workforce available to NASA.

SEC. 1111. METHANE INVENTORY.
Within 12 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director of OSTP, in conjunction with the Administrator, the Administrator of NOAA, and other appropriate Federal agencies and academic institutions, shall develop a plan, including a cost estimate and timetable, and initiate an inventory of natural methane stocks and fluxes in the polar region of the United States.

SEC. 1112. EXCEPTION TO ALTERNATIVE FUEL PROCUREMENT REQUIREMENT.
Section 526(a) of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17142(a)) does not prohibit NASA from entering into a contract to purchase a generally available fuel that is not an alternative or synthetic fuel or predominantly produced from a nonconventional petroleum source, if--
 * (1) the contract does not specifically require the contractor to provide an alternative or synthetic fuel or fuel from a nonconventional petroleum source;
 * (2) the purpose of the contract is not to obtain an alternative or synthetic fuel or fuel from a nonconventional petroleum source; and
 * (3) the contract does not provide incentives for a refinery upgrade or expansion to allow a refinery to use or increase its use of fuel from a nonconventional petroleum source.

SEC. 1113. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON THE IMPORTANCE OF THE NASA OFFICE OF PROGRAM ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION.

 * (a) Office of Program Analysis and Evaluation- It is the sense of Congress that it is important for NASA to maintain an Office of Program Analysis and Evaluation that has as its mission:
 * (1) To develop strategic plans for NASA in accordance with section 306 of title 5, United States Code.
 * (2) To develop annual performance plans for NASA in accordance with section 1115 of title 31, United States Code.
 * (3) To provide analysis and recommendations to the Administrator on matters relating to the planning and programming phases of the Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution system of NASA.
 * (4) To provide analysis and recommendations to the Administrator on matters relating to acquisition management and program oversight, including cost-estimating processes, contractor cost reporting processes, and contract performance assessments.
 * (b) Objectives- It is further the sense of Congress that in performing those functions, the objectives of the Office should be the following:
 * (1) To align NASA's mission, strategic plan, budget, and performance plan with strategic goals and institutional requirements of NASA.
 * (2) To provide objective analysis of programs and institutions of NASA--
 * (A) to generate investment options for NASA; and
 * (B) to inform strategic decision making in NASA.
 * (3) To enable cost-effective, strategically aligned execution of programs and projects by NASA.
 * (4) To perform independent cost estimation in support of NASA decision making and establishment of standards for agency cost analysis.
 * (5) To ensure that budget formulation and execution are consistent with strategic investment decisions of NASA.
 * (6) To provide independent program and project reviews that address the credibility of technical, cost, schedule, risk, and management approaches with respect to available resources.
 * (7) To facilitate progress by NASA toward meeting the commitments of NASA.

SEC. 1114. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON ELEVATING THE IMPORTANCE OF SPACE AND AERONAUTICS WITHIN THE EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT.
It is the sense of Congress that the President should elevate the importance of space and aeronautics within the Executive Office of the President by organizing the interagency focus on space and aeronautics matters in as effective a manner as possible, such as by means of the National Space Council authorized by section 501 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1989 (42 U.S.C. 2471) or other appropriate mechanisms.

SEC. 1115. STUDY ON LEASING PRACTICES OF FIELD CENTERS.

 * (a) Study- Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall complete a study on the leasing practices of all field centers of NASA, including the Michoud Assembly Facility. Such study shall include the following:
 * (1) The method by which overhead maintenance expenses are distributed among tenants of such field centers.
 * (2) Identification of the impacts of such method on attracting businesses and partnerships to such field centers.
 * (3) Identification of the steps that can be taken to mitigate any adverse impacts identified under paragraph (2).
 * (b) Report- Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the Committee on Science and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report on the study required by subsection (a), including the following:
 * (1) The findings of the Administrator with respect to such study.
 * (2) A description of the impacts identified under subsection (a)(2).
 * (3) The steps identified under subsection (a)(3).

SEC. 1116. COOPERATIVE UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE ACTIVITIES.
The Administrator, in cooperation with the Administrator of NOAA and in coordination with other agencies that have existing civil capabilities, shall continue to utilize the capabilities of unmanned aerial vehicles as appropriate in support of NASA and interagency cooperative missions. The Administrator may enter into cooperative agreements with universities with unmanned aerial vehicle programs and related assets to conduct collaborative research and development activities, including development of appropriate applications of small unmanned aerial vehicle technologies and systems in remote areas.

SEC. 1117. DEVELOPMENT OF ENHANCED-USE LEASE POLICY.

 * (a) In General- The Administrator shall develop an agency-wide enhanced-use lease policy that--
 * (1) is based upon sound business practices and lessons learned from the demonstration centers; and
 * (2) establishes controls and procedures to ensure accountability and protect the interests of the Government.
 * (b) Contents- The policy required by subsection (a) shall include the following:
 * (1) Criteria for determining whether enhanced-use lease provides better economic value to the Government than other options, such as--
 * (A) Federal financing through appropriations; or
 * (B) sale of the property.
 * (2) Requirement for the identification of proposed physical and procedural changes needed to ensure security and restrict access to specified areas, coordination of proposed changes with existing site tenants, and development of estimated costs of such changes.
 * (3) Measures of effectiveness for the enhanced-use lease program.
 * (4) Accounting controls and procedures to ensure accountability, such as an audit trail and documentation to readily support financial transactions.
 * (c) Annual Report- Section 315(f) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Act of 1958 (42 U.S.C. 2459j(f)) is amended to read as follows:


 * `(f) Reporting Requirements- The Administrator shall submit an annual report by January 31st of each year. Such report shall include the following:
 * `(1) Information that identifies and quantifies the value of the arrangements and expenditures of revenues received under this section.
 * `(2) The availability and use of funds received under this section for the Agency's operating plan.'.


 * (d) Distribution of Cash Consideration Received-
 * (1) IN GENERAL- Section 315(b)(3)(B) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 2459j(b)(3)(B)) is amended to read as follows:


 * `(B) Of any amounts of cash consideration received under this subsection that are not utilized in accordance with subparagraph (A)--
 * `(i) 35 percent shall be deposited in a capital asset account to be established by the Administrator, shall be available for maintenance, capital revitalization, and improvements of the real property assets and related personal property under the jurisdiction of the Administrator, and shall remain available until expended; and
 * `(ii) the remaining 65 percent shall be available to the respective center or facility of the Administration engaged in the lease of nonexcess real property, and shall remain available until expended for maintenance, capital revitalization, and improvements of the real property assets and related personal property at the respective center or facility subject to the concurrence of the Administrator.'.


 * (2) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS- Section 533 of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008 (Pub1ic Law 110-161; 121 Stat. 1931) is amended--
 * (A) by amending subsection (b)(4) to read as follows:


 * `(4) in paragraph (2), as redesignated by paragraph (3) of this subsection, by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
 * `(C) Amounts utilized under subparagraph (B) may not be utilized for daily operating costs.'.'; and


 * (B) in subsection (d)--
 * (i) by striking `the following new subsection (f)' and inserting `the following new subsection'; and
 * (ii) in the quoted matter, by redesignating subsection (f) as subsection (g).

SEC. 1118. SENSE OF CONGRESS WITH RESPECT TO THE MICHOUD ASSEMBLY FACILITY AND NASA'S OTHER CENTERS AND FACILITIES.
It is the sense of Congress that the Michoud Assembly Facility represents a unique resource in the facilitation of the Nation's exploration programs and that every effort should be made to ensure the effective utilization of that resource, as well as NASA's other centers and facilities.

SEC. 1119. REPORT ON U.S. INDUSTRIAL BASE FOR LAUNCH VEHICLE ENGINES.
Not later than 180 days after the date of Enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall submit to Congress a report setting forth the assessment of the Director as to the capacity of the United States industrial base for development and production of engines to meet United States Government and commercial requirements for space launch vehicles. The report required by this section shall include information regarding existing, pending, and planned engine developments across a broad spectrum of thrust capabilities, including propulsion for sub-orbital, small, medium, and heavy-lift space launch vehicles.

SEC. 1120. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON PRECURSOR INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION RESEARCH.
It is the Sense of Congress that NASA is taking positive steps to utilize the Space Shuttle as a platform for precursor International Space Station research by maximizing to the extent practicable the use of middeck accommodations, including soft stowage, for near-term scientific and commercial applications on remaining Space Shuttle flights, and the Administrator is strongly encouraged to continue to promote the effective utilization of the Space Shuttle for precursor research within the constraints of the International Space Station assembly requirements.

SEC. 1121. LIMITATION ON FUNDING FOR CONFERENCES.

 * (a) IN GENERAL- There are authorized to be appropriated not more than $5,000,000 for any expenses related to conferences, including conference programs, travel costs, and related expenses. No funds authorized under this Act may be used to support a Space Flight Awareness Launch Honoree Event conference. The total amount of the funds available under this Act for other Space Flight Awareness Honoree-related activities in fiscal year 2009 may not exceed 1/2 of the total amount of funds from all sources obligated or expended on such activities in fiscal year 2008.
 * (b) QUARTERLY REPORTS- The Administrator shall submit quarterly reports to the Inspector General of NASA regarding the costs and contracting procedures relating to each conference held by NASA during fiscal year 2009 for which the cost to the Government is more than $20,000. Each report shall include, for each conference described in that subsection held during the applicable quarter--
 * (1) a description of the subject of and number of participants attending, the conference, including the number of NASA employees attending and the number of contractors attending at agency expense;
 * (2) a detailed statement of the costs to the Government relating to the conference, including--
 * (A) the cost of any food or beverages;
 * (B) the cost of any audio-visual services; and
 * (C) a discussion of the methodology used to determine which costs relate to the conference; and
 * (D) cost of any room, board, travel, and per diem expenses; and
 * (3) a description of the contracting procedures relating to the conference, including--
 * (A) whether contracts were awarded on a competitive basis for that conference; and
 * (B) a discussion of any cost comparison conducted by NASA in evaluating potential contractors for that conference.

SEC. 1122. REPORT ON NASA EFFICIENCY AND PERFORMANCE.

 * (a) IN GENERAL- Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to Congress a report that contains a review of NASA programs and associated activities with an annual funding level of more than $50,000,000 that appear to be similar in scope and purpose to other activities within the Federal government, that includes--
 * (1) a brief description of each NASA program reviewed and its subordinate activities;
 * (2) the annual and cumulative appropriation amounts expended for each program reviewed and its subordinate activities since fiscal year 2005;
 * (3) a brief description of each Federal program and its subordinate activities that appears to have a similar scope and purpose to a NASA program; and
 * (4) a review of the formal and informal processes by which NASA coordinates with other Federal agencies to ensure that its programs and activities are not duplicative of similar efforts within the Federal government and that the programs and activities meet the core mission of NASA, and the degree of transparency and accountability afforded by those processes.
 * (b) DUPLICATIVE PROGRAMS- If the Comptroller General determines, under subsection (a)(4), that any deficiency exists in the NASA procedures intended to avoid or eliminate conflict or duplication with other Federal agency activities, the Comptroller General shall include a recommendation as to how such procedures should be modified to ensure similar programs and associated activities can be consolidated, eliminated, or streamlined within NASA or within other Federal agencies to improve efficiency.