McKinley v. United States/Opinion of the Court

Plaintiffs in error were indicted, convicted, and sentenced upon an indictment in the District Court of the United States for the Southern District of Georgia for violation of a regulation of the Secretary of War made under the authority of the Act of Congress of May 18, 1917, c. 15, § 13, 40 Stat. 83 (Comp. St. 1918, § 2019b). This statute provides:

'The Secretary of War is hereby authorized, empowered, and     directed during the present war to do everything by him      deemed necessary to suppress and prevent the keeping or      setting up of houses of ill fame, brothels, or bawdy houses,      within such distance as he may deem needful of any military      camp, station, fort, post, cantonment, training or      mobilization place and any person, corporation, partnership,      or association receiving or permitting to be received for      immoral purposes any person into any place, structure, or      building used for the purpose of lewdness, assignation, or      prostitution within such distance of said places as may be      designated, or shall permit any such person to remain for      immoral purposes in any such place, structure, or building as      aforesaid, or who shall violate any order, rule, or      regulation issued to carry out the object and purpose of this      section, shall, unless otherwise punishable under the      Articles of War, be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and be      punished by a fine of not more than $1,000, or imprisonment      for not more than twelve months, or both.'

Plaintiffs in error contend that Congress has no constitutional authority to pass this act. The indictment charged that the plaintiffs in error did unlawfully keep and set up a house of ill fame within the distance designated by the Secretary of War, under the authority of the act of Congress, to wit, within five miles of a certain military station of the United States.

That Congress has the authority to raise and support armies and to make rules and regulations for the protecition of the health and welfare of those composing them, is too well settled to require more than the statement of the proposition. Arver v. United States, 245 U.S. 366, 38 Sup. Ct. 159, 62 L. Ed. 349, L. R. A. 1918C, 361, Ann. Cas. 1918B, 856.

Congress having adopted restrictions designed to guard and promote the health and efficiency of the men composing the army, in a matter so obvious as that embodied in the statute under consideration, may leave details to the regulation of the head of an executive department, and punish those who violate the restrictions. This is also well settled by the repeated decisions of this court. Buttfield v. Stranahan, 192 U.S. 470, 24 Sup. Ct. 349, 48 L. Ed. 525; Union Bridge Co. v. United States, 204 U.S. 364, 27 Sup. Ct. 367, 51 L. Ed. 523; United States v. Grimaud, 220 U.S. 506, 31 Sup. Ct. 480, 55 L. Ed. 563.

The judgment of the District Court is Affirmed.