Logic (Sigwart)

Volume I.
THE JUDGMENT, CONCEPT, AND INFERENCE


 * /Volume 1/Preface to English translation
 * /Volume 1/Preface to first edition
 * /Volume 1/Preface to second edition


 * § 1. The Problem of Logic
 * § 2. Limits to the Problem
 * § 3. The Postulate of Logic
 * § 4. The Divisions of Logic
 * § 4. The Divisions of Logic


 * § 5. The Proposition as the Expression of the Judgment. Subject and Predicate
 * § 5. The Proposition as the Expression of the Judgment. Subject and Predicate


 * . Ideas as Elements of Judgments and their Relation to Words
 * § 6. The Highest Categories of the Objects of Thought
 * § 7. The General Idea and the Word
 * § 8. Necessity of the Word as Predicate


 * . Simple Judgments
 * I. Narrative Judgments
 * § 9.  Denominative Judgments
 * § 10. Judgments of Attributes and Activities
 * § 11. Impersonal Judgments and Allied Forms
 * § 12. Relational Judgments. Existential Propositions
 * § 13. Judgments about Abstract Nouns
 * § 14. The Objective Validity of the Judgment, and the Principle of Identity
 * § 15. The Reference to Time in Narrative Judgments
 * II.  § 16. Explicative Judgments
 * III. § 17. The Act of Judgment as expressed in Language


 * . How Judgments arise, and the Distinction between Analytical and Synthetical Judgments
 * § 18. Immediate and Mediated, Analytical and Synthetical Judgments
 * § 19. The Process of the Synthetical Judgment


 * . The Negation
 * § 20. The Negation as Denial of the Judgment
 * § 21. The Different Kinds of Negative Judgments
 * § 22. Privation and Opposition as Ground of the Negation
 * § 23. The Principle of Contradiction
 * § 24. The Principle of Twofold Negation
 * § 25. The Principle of the Excluded Middle


 * . Plural Judgments
 * I. Positive Plural Judgments
 * § 26. Positive Copulative and Plural Judgments
 * § 27. The Universal Affirmative Judgment
 * § 28. The Particular Affirmative Judgment
 * II.  § 29. Negative Plural Judgments
 * III. § 30. The Negation of Plural Judgments


 * . Possibility and Necessity
 * I.    § 31. The so-called Modal Distinctions
 * § 32. The Law of Sufficient Reason
 * II. Possible and Necessary as Predicates of Actual Judgments
 * § 33. The Necessity of Reality
 * § 34. Possibility


 * . Hypothetical and Disjunctive Judgments
 * I.    § 35. The Different Ways in which Propositions may be Combined, and their Logical Significance
 * II.  § 36. The Hypothetical Judgment
 * III. § 37. The Disjunctive Judgment

§ 38.


 * § 39. The Conditions of Perfect Judgments
 * § 39. The Conditions of Perfect Judgments


 * . The Concept
 * § 40. Nature of the Logical Concept
 * § 41. Analysis of the Concept into Simple Elements
 * § 42. Super- and Subordination, Content and Extension of Concepts
 * § 43. Division of Concepts
 * § 44. Definition


 * . The Truth of Immediate Judgments
 * § 45. The Truth of Judgments about Concepts
 * § 46. The Truth of Statements about Ourselves
 * § 47. The Truth of Judgments of Perception
 * § 48. Axioms and Postulates


 * . The Rules of Inference as the Ground for Mediated Judgments
 * § 49. The Hypothetical Syllogism
 * § 50. The Introduction of a Subject in the Hypothetical Syllogism
 * § 51. The Different Sources of Hypothetical Major Premises
 * § 52. Inferences according to Formal Logical Laws
 * § 53. Inferences from Relations between Concepts
 * § 54. The meaning of the Aristotelian Figures and Moods
 * § 55. The Value of the Syllogism
 * § 56. The Inference of Subsumption
 * § 57. The Inference from Divisive Judgments
 * § 58. The Disjunctive Syllogism
 * § 59. The Relation between the Truth of the Conclusion and the Truth of the Premises


 * /Volume 1/Appendix A
 * /Volume 1/Appendix B
 * /Volume 1/Appendix C

Volume II.
LOGICAL METHODS