Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Volume XXIII


 * valign="top"|
 * ../T/, the twentieth letter of the alphabet.
 * ../Tabarí/, Arab historian.
 * ../Tabernacle/, of Scripture.
 * ../Tabernacles, Feast of/, Jewish.
 * ../Mathematical Tables/.
 * , Tabu, or Tapu, system of religious prohibitions.
 * , or Tabreez, town, Persia.
 * ../Tacitus/, Roman historian.
 * , M. Claudius, Roman emperor.
 * , Military.
 * , ancient town, Syria.
 * ../Tafilelt/, oasis.
 * ../Taganrog/, town, Russia.
 * , Gasparo, Bolognese surgeon.
 * , Marie, Italian ballet-dancer.
 * ../Tagus/, river, Spain and Portugal.
 * ../Tahiti Archipelago/, Pacific Ocean.
 * , island, China.
 * , or Tajiks, races of people, Asia.
 * , region, Nubia.
 * ../Talavera de la Reina/, town, Spain.
 * , Family of, English aristocracy.
 * , William Henry Fox, English scientist and archæologist.
 * , mineral (See and ).
 * ../Talca/, town, Chili.
 * , ancient measure of weight.
 * , or Stories.
 * , Sir Thomas Noon, English judge and dramatic writer.
 * , or Talliage, English tax.
 * , Charles Maurice, French politician.
 * , Jean Lambert, French Revolutionist.
 * , or Tallys, Thomas, English musical composer.
 * ../Tallow/, animal fat.
 * , Joseph François, French tragedian.
 * ../Talmud/, in Jewish literature.
 * , Rabbenu, rabbinic scholar.
 * ../Tamaqua/, town, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
 * ../Tamarind/, fruit.
 * ../Tamarisk/, shrub.
 * ../Tamboff (1.)/, government, Russia.
 * ../Tamboff (2.)/, town, Russia.
 * , Mongol conqueror.
 * ../Tamils/, people of India.
 * ../Tamworth/, town, England.
 * ../Tanager/, bird.
 * ../Tancred (1.)/, crusader.
 * ../Tancred (2.)/, king of Sicily.
 * , Lake, Central Africa.
 * , or Tangier, town, Morocco.
 * , or Tannhäuser, of German legend.
 * ../Tanjore (1.)/, district, India.
 * ../Tanjore (2.)/, town, India.
 * , Robert, Scottish poet.
 * ../Tannin/, tanning substances.
 * , of leather.
 * ../Tantalum/, chemical element.
 * ../Tantalus/, of Greek mythology.
 * , or Taouism, Chinese religion.
 * ../Taormina/, town, Sicily.
 * ../Tapaculo/, bird.
 * , ornamental textile.
 * ../Tape-Worms/.
 * ../Tapioca/, article of food.
 * ../Tapir/, ungulate mammal.
 * ../Tar/.
 * ../Tarai/, district, India.
 * , town, Italy.
 * ../Tarantula/, spider.
 * ../Tarare/, town, France.
 * ../Tarascon/, town, France.
 * ../Taraxacum/, genus of plants.
 * ../Tarbes/, town, France.
 * ../Tarentum/, ancient town, Italy.
 * , or Vetches, forage crop.
 * ../Targum/, in Jewish literature.
 * ../Tarifa/, town, Spain.
 * ../Tarn/, department, France.
 * ../Tarn-et-Garonne/, department, France.
 * ../Tarnopol/, town, Galicia, Austria.
 * ../Tarpaulin/, waterproof material.
 * , Etruscan town, Italy.
 * , Lucius, Roman king.
 * , Lucius, Roman king.
 * ../Tarragona (1.)/, province, Spain.
 * ../Tarragona (2.)/, town, Spain.
 * , Phœnician colony.
 * ../Tarsus/, ancient town, Asia Minor.
 * , or Tartalea, Niccolò, Italian mathematician.
 * ../Tartan/, chequered cloth.
 * ../Tartaric Acid/.
 * , or Tatars, Ural-Altaic people.
 * ../Tartarus/, of Greek mythology.
 * , Giuseppe, Italian violinist and composer.
 * , town, Morocco.
 * ../Tashkend/, town, Central Asia.
 * , Abel Janszen, Dutch navigator.
 * ../Tasmania/, island, Australasia.
 * , James, Scottish gem-engraver.
 * , William, gem-engraver.
 * , Torquato, Italian poet.
 * , Alessandro, Italian poet.
 * , Sense of.
 * , or Tartars, Ural-Altaic people.
 * , Nahum, English hymn-writer.
 * ../Tatian/, Christian apologist.
 * , Achilles, Alexandrian romance-writer.
 * , Johann, German mystic.
 * ../Taunton (1.)/, town, England.
 * ../Taunton (2.)/, town, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
 * ../Taurida/, government, Russia.
 * , ancient town, Sicily.
 * , mountains, Asia Minor.
 * , Jean Baptiste, French Oriental traveller.
 * ../Tavira/, town, Portugal.
 * ../Tavistock/, town, England.
 * ../Tavoy/, district, Burmah.
 * , of leather.
 * ../Taxation/.
 * ../Taxidermy/.
 * , ancient town, India.
 * ../Tay, river, Scotland.
 * , Bayard, American writer.
 * , Brook, English mathematician.
 * , Sir Henry, English poet and colonial statesman.
 * , Isaac, English theological and philosophical writer.
 * , Jeremy, English preacher and theologian.
 * , John, English poet.
 * , Tom, English dramatist and art critic.
 * , Zachary, president of the United States.
 * , Lake, Soudan (), Africa.
 * , or Cheremisses, Ural-Altaic people (See and ).
 * , or Czerkasy, town, Russia.
 * ../Tchernigoff (1.)/, government, Russia.
 * ../Tchernigoff (2.)/, town, Russia.
 * ../Tchernomorsk/, government, Russia.
 * ../Tchistopol/, town, Russia.
 * ../Tchita/, town, Transbaikalia, Russia.
 * ../Tea/.
 * ../Teak/, tree.
 * ../Teal/, bird.
 * ../Technical Education/.
 * (See, , , and ).
 * ../Tegea/, ancient town, Greece.
 * , Esaias, Swedish writer.
 * ../Teheran/, or Tehran, town, Persia.
 * ../Tehuantepec/, isthmus and town, Mexico.
 * ../Teignmouth/, town, England.
 * , in Scots law.
 * ../Telegraph/.
 * , or Rangefinder.
 * ../Telephone/.
 * ../Telescope/.
 * ../Telesphorus/, bishop of Rome.
 * , Thomas, Scottish civil engineer.
 * , William, Swiss hero.
 * , Wilhelm Abraham, German rationalist.
 * , Gabriel, Spanish dramatist.
 * ../Tellicherri/, town, India.
 * , chemical element.
 * , mode of electrical traction.
 * ../Temesvar/, town, Hungary.
 * , Konrad Jacob, Dutch ornithologist.
 * , Vale of, Greece.
 * , or, method of painting.
 * ../Temperance Societies/.
 * , Knights, military order.
 * ../Temple/, or, places of worship.
 * , Sir William, English diplomatist and writer.
 * ../Tenasserim/, division, Burmah.
 * ../Tenby/, town, Wales.
 * ../Tench/, fish.
 * , Legal, of payment.
 * , one of the Canary Islands.
 * , David, Flemish painter.
 * . See, island, Indian Archipelago.
 * , Thomas, archbishop of Canterbury.
 * , William, Scottish poet.
 * , Sir James Emerson, English politician and traveller.
 * ../Tennessee/, 3rd of the United States of North America.
 * ../Tennis/, game.
 * , Lawn, game.
 * ../Tent/.
 * ../Teplitz/, or, town and spa, Bohemia.
 * ../Teramo/, town, Italy.
 * ../Teraphim/, of Scripture.
 * , Gerard, Dutch painter.
 * , island, Azores.
 * ../Teredo/, genus of Mollusca.
 * ../Terek/, Russian government of Caucasia.
 * ../Terence/, Roman dramatist.
 * , St..
 * ../Terlizzi/, town, Italy.
 * ../Term/, in law.
 * , or Termini Imerese, town, Sicily.
 * , or White Ants.
 * , town, Belgium.
 * ../Tern/, sea bird.
 * ../Ternate/, island, Indian Archipelago.
 * ../Terni/, town, Italy.
 * ../Terpander/, Lesbian poet and musician.
 * ../Terracina/, town, Italy.
 * ../Terra-Cotta/, decorative clay-work.
 * ../Terranova/, town, Sicily.
 * , reptile.
 * ../Terre Haute/, town, Indiana, U.S.A.
 * , Gerhard, German religious writer.
 * , order of monks and nuns.
 * ../Tertullian/ (Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus), early church writer.
 * , town, Morocco.
 * ../Teruel(1.)/, province, Spain.
 * ../Teruel(2.)/, town, Spain.
 * ../Teschen/, town, Austria.
 * , canton, Switzerland.
 * , English.
 * , in law.
 * , Probability of.
 * ../Tetanus/, disease.
 * ../Tetrarch/, ancient ruler's title.
 * ../Tetuan/, town, Morocco.
 * ../Teutones/, German tribe.
 * ../Teutonic Languages/.
 * , of Knights.
 * ../Tewkesbury/, town, England.
 * ../Texas/, State, U.S.A.
 * ../Textiles/, woven fabrics.
 * , or Taza, town, Morocco.
 * valign="top"|
 * , English novelist and critic.
 * , Italian pianist and composer.
 * , Greek astronomer and philosopher.
 * , chemical element.
 * , river, England.
 * , district, India.
 * , town, India.
 * , or Thegns, early English nobility.
 * (Tiphsah), Mesopotamia, Crossing of Euphrates at.
 * , district, India.
 * , district, Burmah.
 * , island, Ægean.
 * , district, Burmah.
 * , town, Egypt.
 * , town, Greece.
 * , in law.
 * , in Greek mythology.
 * , Byzantine rhetorician.
 * , Greek general.
 * , French chemist.
 * , English playwright.
 * , Greek pastoral poet.
 * , its use in surveying.
 * , wife of the emperor Justinian.
 * , early Christian writer.
 * , popes.
 * , bishop of Cyprus.
 * , king of the Ostrogoths.
 * , Russian seaport.
 * , Roman emperor.
 * , Roman emperor.
 * , Roman emperor.
 * , Greek geometer and astronomer.
 * , Greek elegiac poet.
 * , ,Greek historian and rhetorician.
 * . See.
 * , Ægean island.
 * , Greek conspirator.
 * . See.
 * , Spanish saint.
 * or . See.
 * . See and.
 * , of Greek legend.
 * , ancient Greek festival.
 * , ancient Greek festival.
 * , of St. Paul.
 * . See.
 * , Greek district.
 * , English town.
 * , French traveller.
 * or . See, and
 * , German jurist.
 * . See.
 * , Belgian town.
 * , French historian brothers.
 * , French town.
 * , French writer and statesman.
 * , English bishop.
 * , English town.
 * , plant.
 * . See
 * , revolutionary plot.
 * , German theologian.
 * , apostle.
 * . See.
 * or . See.
 * , biographer of St Francis of Assisi.
 * , Scottish poet.
 * . See.
 * , German jurist.
 * , American polymath.
 * , English mathematician.
 * , Scottish natural historian.
 * , Scottish writer.
 * , Scottish writer.
 * , Scottish painter.
 * . See and.
 * , American writer.
 * , chemical element.
 * , town, West Prussia.
 * , fish.
 * , English painter.
 * , Danish sculptor.
 * , French historian.
 * , Arabic tales.
 * , Roman province.
 * . See.
 * , Greek soldier.
 * . See.
 * , Canadian city.
 * , Norwegian city.
 * , bird.
 * , Greek historian.
 * , Indian assassins.
 * , Austrian statesman.
 * , northern lands.
 * , German writer.
 * , Swedish botanist and traveller.
 * , meteorological phenomenon.
 * , Burmese region.
 * , Swiss canton.
 * , city of Magna Gæcia.
 * , German region.
 * . See.
 * , Irish town.
 * , English lawyer.
 * , Scottish town.
 * , herb.
 * , North African people.
 * . See vol, xiii. pp. 438-439.
 * , Palestinian city.
 * , Roman emperor.
 * , Asian country.
 * , Roman poet.
 * . See.
 * . See.
 * , Swiss canton.
 * . See.
 * , English writer.
 * , American historian.
 * , American town.
 * , East Indian island.
 * , German writer.
 * , German anatomist.
 * , town, China.
 * , English politician.
 * , archipelago, South America.
 * , US city.
 * , Russian city.
 * , big cat.
 * . See.
 * , Armenian kings.
 * , river, Asia.
 * or Tilborg, town, Holland.
 * , American statesman.
 * , roof, wall and floor covering.
 * , French historian.
 * , Archbishop of Canturbury.
 * , general, Low Countries
 * , East Prussian town.
 * . See, , ; also , , , , &c.
 * , town, French Sudan.
 * , Greek
 * , Greek misanthrope.
 * , Greek philosopher.
 * , island, East Indies.
 * , archpelago, East Indies.
 * , Greek general.
 * , Greek musician and poet.
 * , Oriental conqueror.
 * , element.
 * , bird.
 * , English deist.
 * . See.
 * , Dutch traveller.
 * , Indian district.
 * , chief town of the above.
 * . See.
 * , Indian district.
 * , Irish county.
 * , chief town of the above.
 * , Indian sultan.
 * , English town.
 * , Italian historian.
 * , Greek seer.
 * , Indian district.
 * , Belgian town.
 * , Greek city.
 * , German critic.
 * , Italian painter.
 * , element.
 * , mythological beings.
 * , religious tribute.
 * , mythological Greek.
 * , Italian painter.
 * , denominators of rank.
 * , bird.
 * , Roman emperor.
 * , companion of St. Paul.
 * . See
 * , American town.
 * . See.
 * , English borough.
 * , Italian town.
 * , Mexican city.
 * or, Algerian town.
 * valign="top"|
 * , Belgian town.
 * , Greek city.
 * , German critic.
 * , Italian painter.
 * , element.
 * , mythological beings.
 * , religious tribute.
 * , mythological Greek.
 * , Italian painter.
 * , denominators of rank.
 * , bird.
 * , Roman emperor.
 * , companion of St. Paul.
 * . See
 * , American town.
 * . See.
 * , English borough.
 * , Italian town.
 * , Mexican city.
 * or, Algerian town.
 * valign="top"|


 * , amphibian.
 * , plant.
 * , West Indian island.
 * , Old Testament apocrypha.
 * , government of Western Siberia.
 * , capital of the above.
 * , French statesman.
 * . See vol, xvii. pp. 509.
 * , Russian general.
 * , English town.
 * , bird.
 * . ⁠See vol. vi. p. 456.
 * , German protectorate, Africa.
 * , Turkish town.
 * , Hungarian town.
 * , Japanese capital.
 * , Irish deist.
 * , Spanish province.
 * , capital of the above.
 * , city, Ohio, U.S.A.
 * , payment for use and enjoyment of a privilege.
 * , Mexican city.
 * . ⁠See vol. xii. p. 288.
 * , Hungarian poet.
 * , government of western Siberia.
 * , capital of the above.
 * .See
 * , region of Annam.
 * . ⁠See vol. i. p. 895, and.
 * , basis of shipping charges.
 * , ancient customs charges.
 * , seed of South American tree.
 * . See.
 * . See.
 * , Catholic priestly induction.
 * , life insurance scheme.
 * , English politician and philologist.
 * , mineral.
 * , town, Kansas, U.S.A.
 * , Venetian island.
 * , Prussian town.
 * , Canadian city.
 * , underwater weapon.
 * . See.
 * , English town.
 * , Dominican cardinal.
 * , Dominican inquisitor-general.
 * , Italian town.
 * , Italian town.
 * , American botanist.
 * , Italian physicist and mathematician.
 * , Florentine sculptor.
 * , Russian town.
 * , aspect of civil law.
 * , reptile.
 * , epidermic plates of the Hawksbill turtle.
 * . See.
 * , Italian town.
 * , Spanish city.
 * . See and
 * , London suburb
 * , bird
 * , sense
 * , French town
 * , French fortress
 * , French town
 * , Burmese region
 * , French artist
 * , bird
 * , French town
 * , Russian author
 * . See ,     and.
 * , Belgian town
 * , woodwind instrument
 * , French botanist
 * , French poet
 * , French town
 * , Haytian liberator.
 * , . (See, , , and ).
 * , English statesman.
 * , English politician.
 * . (See )
 * , ancient Greek city.
 * , religious book publishig associations.
 * , English statesman.
 * , mark denoting the goods of a particular trader.
 * , workers organisation.
 * . See.
 * , 14th Roman Emperor.
 * , Irish town.
 * , means of transportation.
 * . See ; also
 * , Italian seaport.
 * , Indian seaport.
 * , Siberian region.
 * , Siberian region.
 * , region of Russian empire.
 * , astronomical instrument.
 * . See.
 * . See.
 * . See.
 * , South African country.
 * , musical instrument.
 * , Austro-Hungarian principality.
 * , Italian seaport.
 * , religious order.
 * , Portuguese region.
 * , Indian state.
 * . See.
 * , criminal offence.
 * , found hidden hoard of valuables.
 * , contracts between states.
 * , city of Asia Minor.
 * , English town.
 * , bird.
 * , plant.
 * , English quaker biblical scholar.
 * , flat-worms.
 * , Irish archbishop.
 * ../Trenck, German barons.
 * , Baron von der Trenck
 * , Freiherr von der Trenke
 * , German Aristotelian scholar.
 * , Austrian town.
 * , Church council.
 * , town, New Jersey, U.S.A.
 * . See.
 * , legal term.
 * , Prussian town.
 * , German naturalist.
 * , Italian town.
 * , inventor of steam locomotive.
 * , examination of a case before a court.
 * , Roman jurist.
 * , Roman officers.
 * . See, and
 * , district, British India.
 * . See
 * , velocipede.
 * , town, Austro-Hungary.
 * . See.
 * , branch of mathematics.
 * . See
 * , town, Ceylon.
 * , island, West Indies.
 * , religious order.
 * , association of English mariners.
 * , religious festival.
 * , north African state.
 * , capital of the above..
 * , town, Syria.
 * , town, Greece.
 * . See.
 * . See
 * , South Atlantic islands.
 * , amphibia.
 * , Roman honour.
 * , town, India.
 * , lands, Asia Minor.
 * , cave dwellers.
 * , bird.
 * , Roman historian.
 * , town, Russia.
 * , English novelist.
 * , brass instrument.
 * ../Tromp, Dutch admirals.
 * , Martin Harpertzoon
 * , Cornelius
 * , Norwegian town.
 * . See.
 * , bird.
 * , town, Austrian Silesia.
 * , German schoolmaster.
 * . See    and
 * , English instrument maker.
 * . See ; also
 * , French town.
 * , action in English law.
 * , English town.
 * , see.
 * , town, New York state, U.S.A.
 * , French painter.
 * , see.
 * , French town.
 * . See, and
 * , Roman justice.
 * . See   and.
 * , subterranean fungi.
 * , surname of various persons of note in American literature, art and politics.
 * , Benjamin, author and minister.
 * , John, author and lawyer.
 * , John, painter.
 * , Jonathan, Connecticut governor.
 * , Jonathan, member of Congress.
 * , brass instrument.
 * , hearing aid.
 * , or Trumpet-Bird.
 * , English town.
 * , legal relation between two or more persons.
 * , Russian town.
 * , Russian town.
 * , Swiss family.
 * , Chinese family.
 * , insect.
 * valign="top"|
 * , Irish town.
 * , pacific islands.
 * . See   and.
 * , Mexican plant.
 * , German town.
 * , English moralist.
 * , English political economist.
 * , town, Arizona, U.S.A.
 * , Argentinian town.
 * , Spanish city.
 * .See and   |1}}
 * , English philanthropist.
 * , English philanthropist.
 * , son of William, father of Samuel.
 * , government, Russia.
 * , capital of the above.
 * , flower.
 * , French town.
 * , silk netting.
 * , Scottish theologian.
 * , legendary king of Rome.
 * , district, India.
 * .See , and
 * .See , and
 * , or, English town.
 * , English town.
 * , city, China.
 * , metallic element.
 * , Asiatic people.
 * , animal group.
 * , instrument tuning tool.
 * , French African dependency.
 * , capital of the above.
 * , fish
 * , English town.
 * .See
 * , fish.
 * , French general.
 * , province, central Russia.
 * , French statesman and economist.
 * , city, Italy.
 * , central Asia.
 * ,country, Asia.
 * ,bird.
 * , asian people
 * , spice plant.
 * , English engraver.
 * , English painter.
 * , town, Belgium.
 * , see.
 * , see , and.
 * , insect.
 * , sea bird.
 * , chemical.
 * , archbishop of Rheims.
 * , blue or bluish green mineral,.
 * , surname of three Swiss theologians.
 * , Benoit, professor of theology.
 * , François, son of Benoit.
 * , Jean Alphonse, son of François.
 * , see.
 * , a compartimenti of the kingdom of Italy.
 * , ancient city, Italy.
 * , English poet.
 * , government, Russia.
 * , capital of the above.
 * , Scottish river.
 * , see.
 * , see , and
 * , district, Bengal, India.
 * , town, England.
 * , the light of the sky.
 * , see.
 * , town, England.
 * , John, president of the United States.
 * , English bible translator.
 * , river, England.
 * , municipal and parliamentary borough, England.
 * , see.
 * , see.
 * , character of Greek legend.
 * , a class of continued fevers.
 * , art of printing with cast-metal movable type.
 * , see
 * , Phoenician city.
 * , province, Austria.
 * , county, Ireland.
 * , Greek elegiac poet.
 * , surname of three Scottish writers.
 * , Alexander Fraser, son of William.
 * , Patrick Fraser, grandson of William.
 * , William, writer on historical and antiquarian subjects.
 * , 21st letter of the alphabet.
 * , town, Spain.
 * , state, India.
 * , Scottish land rights.
 * , English writer.
 * , Italian town.
 * , German historian.
 * , government, Russia.
 * , capital city of the above.
 * , country, Africa.
 * , district, Russia.
 * .See and
 * .See
 * , German poet.
 * , Central African town.
 * , town, India.
 * , district of European Russia.
 * .See
 * , Christian apostle.
 * , German town.
 * , Roman jurist.
 * , German philosopher.
 * .See.
 * , blue pigment.
 * , Asian astronomer.
 * , English town.
 * .See.
 * .See.
 * , town, Russia.
 * .See.
 * .See.
 * , portable protector from rain.
 * , Italian region.
 * .See.
 * , British district, India.
 * .See and
 * , town, Hungary.
 * , mythical creature.
 * , post-Reformation theology.
 * .See.
 * , protestant church, USA.
 * , official title applied to England, Scotland, and Ireland.
 * , third largest Scottish Presbyterian organisation.
 * .See
 * ../United States, of America.
 * , Ethan, American patriot.
 * , John Albion, governor of Masschusetts.
 * , Benedict, American adventurer.
 * , Chester Alan, president of the United States.
 * , John, American politican.
 * , Thomas Hart, American politician.
 * , Daniel, American pioneer.
 * , Braxton, American general.
 * , John Cabell, American politician.
 * , William Alfred, governor of Connecticut, U.S.A.
 * , Ambrose Everett, American general.
 * , Aaron, vice-president of the United States.
 * , Schuyler, vice-president of the United States.
 * , William Harris, American statesman.
 * , James Abram, president of the United States.
 * , Ulysses S., general and president of the United States.
 * , Winfield Scott, American general.
 * , Thomas A., vice-president of the United States.
 * , John Bell, American general.
 * , Isaac, American naval officer.
 * , Henry, American Revolutionary general.
 * , James, American naval officer.
 * , George B., American general.
 * , William L., American politician.
 * , George, Ameican politician.
 * , George G., American general.
 * , Richard, American revolutionary general.
 * , Edwin D., American politician.
 * , Oliver P., American politician.
 * , Charles, American statesman.
 * , Charles Cotesworth, American statesman.
 * , or Pulawski, Casimir, Polish patriot.
 * , Israel, American revolutionary officer.
 * , Philip, American revolutionary general.
 * , Horatio, American politician.
 * , Baron von, German-American general.
 * , Thomas, American politician.
 * , Roger B., American judge and financier.
 * , George H., American general.
 * , William A., vice-president of the United States.
 * , Levi, American politician and judge.
 * , church, USA.
 * , educational establishments.
 * , canton, Switzerland.
 * , kingdom, Central Africa.
 * , see , and
 * , poison.
 * , districts, British India.
 * , city, Sweden.
 * }
 * , educational establishments.
 * , canton, Switzerland.
 * , kingdom, Central Africa.
 * , see , and
 * , poison.
 * , districts, British India.
 * , city, Sweden.
 * }