Easton's Bible Dictionary (1897)/Giants

Giants

1. Heb. nephilim, meaning "violent" or "causing to fall" (Ge 6:4) These were the violent tyrants of those days, those who fell upon others. The word may also be derived from a root signifying "wonder," and hence "monsters" or "prodigies." In (Nu 13:33) this name is given to a Canaanitish tribe, a race of large stature, "the sons of Anak." The Revised Version, in these passages, simply transliterates the original, and reads "Nephilim."

2. Heb. rephaim, a race of giants (De 3:11) who lived on the east of Jordan, from whom Og was descended. They were probably the original inhabitants of the land before the immigration of the Canaanites. They were conquered by Chedorlaomer (Ge 14:5) and their territories were promised as a possession to Abraham (Ge 15:20) The Anakim, Zuzim, and Emim were branches of this stock. In (Job 26:5) (R.V., "they that are deceased;" marg., "the shades," the "Rephaim") and (Isa 14:9) this Hebrew word is rendered (A.V.) "dead." It means here "the shades," the departed spirits in Sheol. In (2Sa 21:16,18,20,22) "the giant" is (A.V.) the rendering of the singular form _ha raphah_, which may possibly be the name of the father of the four giants referred to here, or of the founder of the Rephaim. The Vulgate here reads "Arapha," whence Milton (in Samson Agonistes) has borrowed the name "Harapha." (See also) (1Ch 20:5,6,8) (De 2:11,20 3:13 Jos 15:8 etc.), where the word is similarly rendered "giant." It is rendered "dead" in (A.V.) (Ps 88:10) (Pr 2:18 9:18 21:16) in all these places the Revised Version marg. has "the shades." (See also) (Isa 26:14)

3. Heb. ‘Anakim (De 2:10,11,21 Jos 11:21,22 14:12,15) called "sons of Anak," (Nu 13:33) "children of Anak," (Nu 13:22 Jos 15:14) a nomad race of giants descended from Arba (Jos 14:15) the father of Anak, that dwelt in the south of Palestine near Hebron (Ge 23:2 Jos 15:13) They were a Cushite tribe of the same race as the Philistines and the Egyptian shepherd kings. David on several occasions encountered them (2Sa 21:15-22) From this race sprung Goliath. (1Sa 17:4)

4. Heb. ‘emin, a warlike tribe of the ancient Canaanites. They were "great, and many, and tall, as the Anakims" (Ge 14:5 De 2:10,11)

5. Heb. Zamzummim (q.v.), (De 2:20) so called by the Amorites.

6. Heb. gibbor (Job 16:14) a mighty one, i.e., a champion or hero. In its plural form (gibborim) it is rendered "mighty men" (2Sa 23:8-39 1Ki 1:8 1Ch 11:9-47 29:24) The band of six hundred whom David gathered around him when he was a fugitive were so designated. They were divided into three divisions of two hundred each, and thirty divisions of twenty each. The captains of the thirty divisions were called "the thirty," the captains of the two hundred "the three," and the captain over the whole was called "chief among the captains" (2Sa 23:8) The sons born of the marriages mentioned in (Ge 6:4) are also called by this Hebrew name.