Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act of 1986


 * Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

{{SECTION|SEC. 1.|SECTION 1}}. SHORT TITLE.

 * This Act may be cited as the "Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act of 1986".

{{SECTION|SEC. 2.|SECTION 2}}. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

 * The table of contents of this Act is as follows:


 * Sec. 1. Short title.
 * Sec. 2. Table of contents.
 * Sec. 3. Definitions.
 * Sec. 4. Purpose.

TITLE I — POLICY OF THE UNITED STATES WITH RESPECT TO ENDING APARTHEID

 * Sec. 101. Policy toward the Government of South Africa.
 * Sec. 102. Policy toward the African National Congress, etc.
 * Sec. 103. Policy toward the victims of apartheid.
 * Sec. 104. Policy toward other countries in Southern Africa.
 * Sec. 105. Policy toward "frontline" states.
 * Sec. 106. Policy toward a negotiated settlement.
 * Sec. 107. Policy toward international cooperation on measures to end apartheid.
 * Sec. 108. Policy toward necklacing.
 * Sec. 109. United States Ambassador to meet with Nelson Mandela.
 * Sec. 110. Policy toward the recruitment and training of black South Africans by United States employers.

TITLE II — MEASURES TO ASSIST VICTIMS OF APARTHEID

 * Sec. 201. Scholarships for the victims of apartheid.
 * Sec. 202. Human rights fund.
 * Sec. 203. Expanding participation in the South African economy.
 * Sec. 204. Export-Import Bank of the United States.
 * Sec. 205. Labor practices of the United States Government in South Africa.
 * Sec. 206. Welfare and protection of the victims of apartheid employed by the United States.
 * Sec. 207. Employment practices of United States nationals in South Africa.
 * Sec. 208. Code of Conduct.
 * Sec. 209. Prohibition on assistance.
 * Sec. 210. Use of the African Emergency Reserve.
 * Sec. 211. Prohibition on assistance to any person or group engaging in "necklacing".
 * Sec. 212. Participation of South Africa in agricultural export credit and promotion programs.

TITLE III — MEASURES BY THE UNITED STATES TO UNDERMINE APARTHEID

 * Sec. 301. Prohibition on the importation of krugerrands.
 * Sec. 302. Prohibition on the importation of military articles.
 * Sec. 303. Prohibition on the importation of products from parastatal organizations.
 * Sec. 304. Prohibition on computer exports to South Africa.
 * Sec. 305. Prohibition on loans to the Government of South Africa.
 * Sec. 306. Prohibition on air transportation with South Africa.
 * Sec. 307. Prohibitions on nuclear trade with South Africa.
 * Sec. 308. Government of South Africa bank accounts.
 * Sec. 309. Prohibition on importation or uranium and coal from South Africa.
 * Sec. 310. Prohibition on new investment in South Africa.
 * Sec. 311. Termination of certain provisions.
 * Sec. 312. Policy toward violence or terrorism.
 * Sec. 313. Termination of tax treaty and protocol.
 * Sec. 314. Prohibition on United States Government procurement from South Africa.
 * Sec. 315. Prohibition on the promotion of United States tourism in South Africa.
 * Sec. 316. Prohibition on United States Government assistance to, investment in, or subsidy for trade with, South Africa.
 * Sec. 317. Prohibition on sale or export of items on Munition List.
 * Sec. 318. Munitions list sales, notification.
 * Sec. 319. Prohibition on importation of South African agricultural products and food.
 * Sec. 320. Prohibition on importation of iron and steel.
 * Sec. 321. Prohibition on exports of crude oil and petroleum products.
 * Sec. 322. Prohibition on cooperation with the armed forces of South Africa.
 * Sec. 323. Prohibition on sugar imports.

TITLE IV — MULTILATERAL MEASURES TO UNDERMINE APARTHEID

 * Sec. 401. Negotiating authority.
 * Sec. 402. Limitation on imports from other countries.
 * Sec. 403. Private right of action.

TITLE V — FUTURE POLICY TOWARD SOUTH AFRICA

 * Sec. 501. Additional measures.
 * Sec. 502. Lifting of prohibitions.
 * Sec. 503. Study of health conditions in the "homelands" areas of South Africa.
 * Sec. 504. Reports on South African imports.
 * Sec. 505. Study and report on the economy of southern Africa.
 * Sec. 506. Report on relations between other industrialized democracies and South Africa.
 * Sec. 507. Study and report on deposit accounts of South African nationals in United States banks.
 * Sec. 508. Study and report on the violation of the international embargo on sale and export of military articles to South Africa.
 * Sec. 509. Report on Communist activities in South Africa.
 * Sec. 510. Prohibition on the importation of Soviet gold coins.
 * Sec. 511. Economic support for disadvantaged South Africans.
 * Sec. 512. Report on the African National Congress.

TITLE VI — ENFORCEMENT AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS

 * Sec. 601. Regulatory authority.
 * Sec. 602. Congressional priority procedures.
 * Sec. 603. Enforcement and penalties.
 * Sec. 604. Applicability to evasions of Act.
 * Sec. 605. Construction of Act.
 * Sec. 606. State or local anti-apartheid laws; enforce.

{{SECTION|SEC. 3.|SECTION 3}}. DEFINITIONS.

 * As used in this Act—


 * (1) the term "Code of Conduct" refers to the principles set forth in section 208(a);


 * (2) the term "controlled South African entity" means—
 * (A) a corporation, partnership, or other business association or entity organized in South Africa and owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by a national of the United States; or
 * (B) a branch, office, agency, or sole proprietorship in South Africa of a national of the United States;


 * (3) the term "loan"—
 * (A) means any transfer or extension of funds or credit on the basis of an obligation to repay, or any assumption or guarantee of the obligation of another to repay an extension of funds or credit, including—
 * (i) overdrafts,
 * (ii) currency swaps,
 * (iii) the purchase of debt or equity securities issued by the Government of South Africa or a South African entity on or after the date of enactment of this act,
 * (iv) the purchase of a loan made by another person,
 * (v) the sale of financial assets subject to an agreement to repurchase; and
 * (vi) a renewal or refinancing whereby funds or credits are transferred or extended to the Government of South Africa or a South African entity, and
 * (B) does not include—
 * (i) normal short-term trade financing, as by letters of credit or similar trade credits;
 * (ii) sales on open account in cases where such sales are normal business practice; or
 * (iii) rescheduling of existing loans, if no new funds or credits are thereby extended to a South African entity or the Government of South Africa;


 * (4) the term "new investment"—
 * (A) means—
 * (i) a commitment or contribution of funds or other assets, and
 * (ii) a loan or other extension of credit, and
 * (B) does not include—
 * (i) the reinvestment of profits generated by a controlled South African entity into that same controlled South African entity or the investment of such profits in a South African entity;
 * (ii) contributions of money or other assets where such contributions are necessary to enable a controlled South African entity to operate in an economically sound manner, without expanding its operations; or
 * (iii) the ownership or control of a share or interest in a South African entity or a controlled South African entity or a debt or equity security issued by the Government of South Africa or a South African entity before the date of enactment of this Act, or the transfer or acquisition of such a share, interest, or debt or equity security, if any such transfer or acquisition does not result in a payment, contribution of funds or assets, or credit to a South African entity, a controlled South African entity, or the Government of South Africa;


 * (5) the term "national of the United States" means—
 * (A) a natural person who is a citizen of the United States or who owes permanent allegiance to the United States or is an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence in the United States, as defined by section 101(a)(20) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(20)); or
 * (B) a corporation, partnership, or other business association which is organized under the laws of the United States, any State or territory thereof, or the District of Columbia;


 * (6) the term "South Africa" includes—
 * (A) the Republic of South Africa;
 * (B) any territory under the Administration, legal or illegal, of South Africa; and
 * (C) the "bantustans" or "homelands", to which South African blacks are assigned on the basis of ethnic origin, including the Transkei, Bophuthatswana Ciskei, and Venda; and


 * (7) the term "South African entity" means—
 * (A) a corporation, partnership, or other business association or entity organized in South Africa; or
 * (B) a branch, office, agency, or sole proprietorship in South Africa of a person that resides or is organized outside South Africa; and


 * (8) the term "United States" includes the States of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and any territory or possession of the United States.

{{SECTION|SEC. 4.|SECTION 4}}. PURPOSE.

 * The purpose of this Act is to set forth a comprehensive and complete framework to guide the efforts of the United States in helping to bring an end to apartheid in South Africa and lead to the establishment of a nonracial, democratic form of government. This Act sets out United States policy toward the Government of South Africa, the victims of apartheid, and the other states in southern Africa. It also provides the President with additional authority to work with the other industrial democracies to help end apartheid and establish democracy in South Africa.

Approved October 2, 1986.

Legislative History
HOUSE REPORTS: No. 99-638, Pt. 1 (Committee on Foreign Affairs) and Pt. 2 (Committee on Ways and Means).

SENATE REPORTS: No. 99-370 accompanying S. 2701 (Committee on Foreign Relations).

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 132 (1986):
 * June 18, considered and passed House.
 * Aug. 12, 14, S. 2701 considered in Senate.
 * Aug. 15, S. 2701 considered in Senate; H.R. 4868 considered and passed Senate, amended.
 * Sept. 12, House concurred in Senate amendment.

WEEKLY COMPILATION OF PRESIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS, Vol. 22 (1986):
 * Oct 2, Presidential veto message.

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 132 (1986):
 * Sept 29, House overrode veto.
 * Oct. 2, Senate overrode veto.