Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Modocs

MODOCS, an Indian tribe of northern California, which in 1872, after firing on the United States forces, retreated to the neighboring lava beds, and there defended themselves desperately till June, 1873, killing or wounding 132 of the troops. Their chief, Captain Jack, and three others were hanged. About 200 are domiciled on the Klemath Reservation, Oregon.