Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Milyukoff, Paul Nikolaievitch

MILYUKOFF, PAUL NIKOLAIEVITCH, Russian historian and publicist, born near Petrograd, in 1859. Graduating from Moscow University, he taught for some years, then became involved in a revolutionary movement, which compelled him to flee abroad. After a brief period as professor of Slavic history in the University of Sofia, Bulgaria, he came to America and was for three years a member of the faculty of Chicago University. In 1905 he returned to Russia, where he became engaged in politics and assumed the leadership of the Constitutional Democratic party, more popularly known as “the Cadets.” He was also prominent as a journalist and founded the newspaper “Retch.” After the revolution of March, 1917, when he was a member of the Duma, he became Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Cabinet of the Provisional Government. Incurring the displeasure of the radical elements, because of his advocacy of Russian expansion in the direction of Constantinople, he was forced to resign. After the second revolution, which placed the Bolsheviki in power, he became a refugee abroad, and was later one of the body of Russians who urged the Allied countries to adopt an anti-Bolshevik policy.