Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary 1908/Thalweg Tillandsia

Thalweg, tal′vāh, n. the deepest part of a valley. [Ger., thal, valley, weg, way.]

Thammuz=Tammuz (q.v.).

Than, than, conj. when, as, if compared with—a word placed after the comparative of an adjective or adverb between the things compared. [A.S. thonne, in its use a relative or conjunctive adverb, equivalent to our when, used after comparatives to introduce the standard of comparison; closely allied to thone, accus. masc. of def. art. Cf. The.]

Thanatoid, than′a-toid, adj. looking like dead: deadly.—adj. ', indicating death.—ns. ', an account of one's death; ', the scientific consideration of death; ', a morbid dread of death; ', a view of, or reflection upon, death; ', death of a part, gangrene. [Gr. thanatos, death.]

Thane, thān, n. a member of a class in the old English community that stood distinctly below the old nobility (eorlas, &c.), but above the mere landowners or ceorls—a kind of nobility of service rather than blood.—ns. ', ', the jurisdiction or the dignity of a thane; ', '. [A.S. thegen, thegn, a servant, nobleman—thíhan, to grow; cog. with Ice. thegn, a man, warrior, Ger. degen, a soldier, servant, Gr. teknon, child.]

Thank, thangk, v.t. to express gratitude for a favour.—n. (usually in pl.) expression of gratitude for favour received, often elliptically=My thanks to you.—adj. ', full of thanks: grateful.—adv. '.—n. '.—adj. ', unthankful: not expressing thanks or favours: not gaining thanks.—adv. ', in a thankless manner: unthankfully.—ns. ', the state of being thankless: ingratitude; ', an offering made to express thanks for mercies received; ', one who gives thanks, or acknowledges a favour; ', act of giving thanks: a public acknowledgment of divine goodness and mercy: a day set apart for this, esp. that in the United States on the last Thursday of November: a form of giving thanks, a grace, that form preceding the last two prayers of morning or evening prayer or of the litany—the General Thanksgiving; ', the state of being thankworthy.—adj. ', worthy of, or deserving, thanks.—n. ', a ridge or hollow across a road—from the sudden bobbing of the head of a person in a vehicle crossing it. [A.S. thanc, thonc, will, thanks; cog. with Ger. dank; from the root of think.]

Thapsia, thap′si-a, n. a genus of umbelliferous plants round the Mediterranean. [L.,—Gr., a plant that dyed yellow, prob. Thapsia garganica, brought from Thapsus, Sicily.]

Thargelia, thar-gē′li-a, n.pl. one of the more important ancient Greek festivals, held at Athens in honour of Apollo; in the month of Thargelion (May-June).

That, that, pron. demons. and rel.—as a demons. (pl. Those) it points out a person or thing: the former or more distant thing: not this but the other: as a rel., who or which.—conj. used to introduce a clause: because: for: in order that. [A.S. thæt, neut. of the article the (ðe, ðeó, ðæt, usually replaced by se, seó, ðæt); cog. with Ger. das, dass; Gr. to, Sans. tat. Cf. The.]

Thatch, thach, v.t. to cover, as a roof, with straw, reeds, &c.—n. straw, &c., used to cover the roofs of buildings and stacks.—ns. '; ', the act or art of covering with thatch: the materials used for thatching. [A.S. thæc, thatch, whence theccan, to cover; cog. with Ger. decken, L. tegĕre, Gr. stegein, to cover.]

Thaumasite, thaw′ma-sīt, n. a dull white mineral calcium compound. [Gr. thaumazein, to wonder.]

Thaumatrope, thaw′ma-trōp, n. a variation of the Zoetrope (q.v.). [Gr. thauma, wonder, tropos—trepein, to turn.]

Thaumaturgy, thaw′ma-tur-ji, n. the art of working wonders or miracles.—adj. ' (Ruskin), wonderful.—ns. ', the doctrine of the miraculous origination of life; ', description of natural wonders; ', undue wonder-worship; ', a wonder-worker.—adjs. ', ', wonder-working.—n.pl. ', wonderful, especially magical, performances: feats of legerdemain.—ns. ', thaumaturgy; ', a wonder-worker; , a wonder-worker: a worker of miracles, applied to certain saints. [Gr.,—thauma, a wonder, ergon, work.]

Thaw, thaw, v.i. to melt or grow liquid, as ice: to become so warm as to melt ice.—v.t. to cause to melt.—n. the melting of ice or snow by heat: the change of weather which causes it.—adj. , inclined to thaw. [A.S. tháwian; cog. with Ger. thauen, to thaw, to fall in dew.]

The, the, or (when emphatic) thē, ''demons. pron.'' usually called the definite article, used to denote a particular person or thing: also to denote a species. [A.S. the, rarely used as nom. masc. of def. art., but common as an indeclinable relative. Cf. That.]

The, the, adv. used before comparatives, as, 'the more the better.' [A.S. thý, by that, by that much, the instrumental case of the def. art.]

Theandric, thē-an′drik, adj. pertaining to the union and co-operation of the divine and human natures. [Gr., theos, a god, anēr, andros, man.]

Theanthropos, thē-an-thrō′pos, n. the God-man, Christ as having both a divine and human person.—adjs. ', ', being at once divine and human: embodying deity in human forms.—ns. ', ', the ascribing of human qualities to deity, also of divine qualities to man; , one who believes in theanthropism. [Gr. theos, a god, anthrōpos, man.]

Thearchy, thē′ärk-i, n. a theocracy: a body of divine rulers.—adj. . [Gr. thearchia—theos, a god, archein, to be first, to rule—archē, beginning.]

Theatin, thē′a-tin, n. a member of a R.C. religious brotherhood founded in 1524, taking its name from Theate (It. Chieti), of which one of its first founders, John Peter Caraffa, was bishop.

Theatre, thē′a-tėr, n. a place where public representations, chiefly dramatic or musical, are seen, a play-house: any place rising by steps like the seats of a theatre: a building adapted for scholastic exercises, anatomical demonstrations, &c.: scene of action, field of operations: the drama, the stage.—adjs. ', ', relating or suitable to a theatre, or to actors: pompous: artificial, affected.—v.t. and v.i. ', to adapt to dramatic representation: to make stagy.—ns. ', ', staginess, artificiality.—adv. ', in a theatrical manner: in a manner suiting the stage.—n. '.—n.pl. ', dramatic performances.—v.i. ', to play a part.—ns. ', theatricality, affectation, staginess; ', a craze for play-going; ', a telephone connected with a theatre. [Gr. theatron—theaomai, I see.]

Theave, thēv, n. (prov.) a ewe of the first year.

Thebaine, thē′ba-in, n. an alkaloid obtained from opium.—Also .

Theban, thē′ban, n. a native of Thebes: (Shak.) a wise man.—adjs. ', '.—n. , the district around Egyptian Thebes.—Theban year, the Egyptian year of 365¼ days.

Theca, thē′ka, n. a sheath, case, or sac, a spore-case: a case for a corporal-cloth:—pl. '.—adjs. ', '.—ns. ', a receptacle bearing thecæ; ', a spore produced in a theca.—adjs. '; ', bearing thecæ; ', thecal in use or form.—n. , the part of the apothecium containing the organs of the fruit in lichens. [Gr. thēkē.]

Thecla, thek′la, n. a genus of butterflies, containing the hair-streaks.

Thee, thē, pron. objective of thou. [A.S. the, dat. accus. of thu (cf. Thou).]

Thee, thē, v.i. (Spens.) to prosper, to thrive. [A.S. theón, thión, to thrive, to grow; Ger. ge-deihen, to increase.]

Theft, theft, n. act of thieving.—adj. ', thievish.—adv. '. [A.S. theófth, thýfth—theóf, thief.]

Theine, thē′in, n. a bitter crystallisable volatile principle found in tea.—ns. ', a tea-drunkard; ', a morbid state resulting from over-much tea-drinking.

Their, thār, ''poss. adj. pron.'' of or belonging to them. [A.S. þára, gen. pl. of the def. art. (replaced the older hira).]

Theirs, thārz, poss. of they. [Like hers, ours, yours, a double genitive containing a plural suffix r + a sing. -s. These forms were confined in the 13th and 14th centuries to the Northern dialects, and are probably due to Scandinavian influence.]

Theism, thē′izm, n. belief in the existence of God with or without a belief in a special revelation.—n. ', one who believes in God.—adjs. ', , pertaining to theism, or to a theist: according to the doctrines of theists. [Gr. theos, God.]

Them, them, pron. objective of they. [A.S. ðám, dat. pl. of the def. art. (this replaced the older heom, hem). It is the result of two cross influences; the th is taken from Old Norse þeim, the e from A.S. hem.]

Theme, thēm, n. a subject set or proposed for discussion, or on which a person speaks or writes, a thesis, a brief essay: a verb in its radical form unmodified by inflections: (mus.) subject, a short melody developed with variations: an administrative division under the Byzantine empire.—n. ', that which constitutes a subject of thought.—adj. '.—adv. '.—n. ', a writer of themes. [Fr. thème—L. thema—Gr. tithēmi, I place, set.]

Themis, them′is, n. daughter of Uranus and Gē, mother of the Hours and the Fates, the personification of the order of things established by law, custom, and equity. [Gr.]

Themselves, them-selvz′, pron. pl. of himself, herself, and itself. [Them and self.]

Then, then, adv. at that time: afterward: immediately: at another time.—conj. for that reason, therefore: in that case.—adj. being at that time.—n. a specific time already mentioned.—By then, by that time. [A doublet of than.]

Thenar, thē′nar, n. the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot.—adj. of or pertaining to the thenar. [Gr. thenar—theinein, to stretch.]

Thence, thens, adv. from that time or place: for that reason.—advs. ', from that time forth or forward; ', from that time forward or onward. [M. E. thenne-s, thenne (cf. Then), with the gen. ending -s—A.S. ðanan. Cf. Hence and Whence.]

Theobroma, thē-ō-brō′ma, n. a small tropical American genus of trees of the sterculia or kola-nut family. The best-known species, Theobroma cacao, yields the cocoa and chocolate of commerce.—n. , an alkaloid principle, similar to theine and caffeine, existing in the chocolate nut. [Gr., theos, a god, brōma, food.]

Theocracy, thē-ok′ra-si, n. that constitution of a state in which the Almighty is regarded as the sole sovereign, and the laws of the realm as divine commands rather than human ordinances—the priesthood necessarily becoming the officers of the invisible ruler: the state thus governed.—ns. ', '.—adjs. ', '. [Gr. theokratia—theos, God, kratein, to rule.]

Theocrasy, thē-ō-krā′si, n. the mixed worship of polytheism: a mystic intimacy with deity reached through profound contemplation. [Gr. theos, a god, krasis, a mixing.]

Theocritean, thē-ok-ri-tē′an, adj. after the manner of Theocritus (3d century B.C.), the greatest of Greek pastoral poets: pastoral, idyllic.

Theodicy, thē-od′i-si, n. a name given to the exposition of the theory of Divine Providence, with a view especially to the vindication of the sanctity and justice of God in establishing the present order of things, in which evil, moral as well as physical, so largely appears to prevail.—adj. . [Gr. theos, God, dikē, justice.]

Theodolite, thē-od′ō-līt, n. an instrument used in land-surveying for the measurement of angles horizontal and vertical, being neither more nor less than an altitude and azimuth instrument, proportioned and constructed so as to be conveniently portable.—adj. . [Ety. unknown; Gr. theasthai, to see + hodos, way + litos, smooth; theasthai + dolichos, long, &c.]

Theogony, thē-og′ō-ni, n. the birth and genealogy of the gods, esp. as told in ancient poetry.—adj. '.—n. ', a writer on theogony. [Gr. theogonia—theos, a god, gonē, genos, race—genein, to beget.]

Theology, thē-ol′ō-ji, n. the science which treats of God, and of man's duty to Him—Natural, as discoverable by the light of reason alone; or Positive or Revealed, based on the study of divine revelation.—ns. ' (-gas-), a shallow fellow who pretends to a knowledge of theology; ' (-gāt), the course of study for R.C. priests; ', a theologian; ', one well versed in theology: a divine, a professor of or writer on divinity, esp. in R.C. usage, a theological lecturer attached to a cathedral church—also ' (-gus).—adjs. ', ', pertaining to theology or divinity.—adv. '.—n. ', theological disputation.—v.t. ', to render theological.—v.i. to make a system of theology.—ns. ', one who theologises; ', a student in the science of theology: a theologian;  (-log), a theologian, esp. a theological student. [Gr. theologia—theos, God, logos, a treatise.]

Theomachy, thē-om′a-ki, n. a fighting against the gods, as by the Titans and giants: (Bacon) opposition to the divine will.—n. . [Gr. theomachia—theos, a god, machē, a battle.]

Theomancy, thē′ō-man-si, n. divination by means of oracles, sibyls, and other persons inspired immediately by some divinity.—adj. . [Gr., theos, a god, manteia, divination.]

Theomania, thē-ō-mā′ni-a, n. a madman's belief that he himself is God, or that God dwells in him.—n. , one who shows theomania. [Gr., theos, God, mania, madness.]

Theomorphic, thē-ō-mor′fik, adj. having the form or likeness of a god.—n. . [Gr., theos, a god, morphē, form.]

Theopaschite, thē-ō-pas′kīt, n. a by-name applied to such as accepted the formula, that, in the passion of Christ, 'God had suffered and been crucified.' It was applied to the Monophysites.—n. . [Gr., theos, God, paschein, to suffer.]

Theopathy, thē-ōp′a-thi, n. religious emotion aroused by meditation about God.—adj. .

Theophany, thē-of′a-ni, n. a manifestation or appearance of deity or the gods to man, esp. the appearance of God to the patriarchs in the form of an angel or in human form: the incarnation and second coming of Christ.—adj. . [Gr., theos, God, phainomai, I appear.]

Theophilanthropy, thē-ō-fil-an′thrō-pi, n. a deistical system of religion drawn up under the French Directory in 1796, and designed to take the place of Christianity.—adj. '.—ns. '; '; ', one who loves God.

Theopneusty, thē′op-nūs-ti, n. divine inspiration.—adj. . [Gr., theos, God, pneustos, inspired—pnein, to breathe.]

Theorbo, thē-orb′ō, n. a large lute with two necks, one above the other, formerly used for the bass.—n. . [It. tiorba.]

Theorem, thē′ō-rem, n. a proposition to be proved.—adjs. ', '.—n. '.—adjs. ', ', pertaining to theory: not practical: speculative.—adv. '.—n.pl. ', the speculative parts of a science.—n. ' (Shak.), theory, speculation.—v.i. ', to form a theory: to form opinions solely by theories: to speculate.—ns. '; ', a theoriser: one given to theory and speculation; ', an explanation or system of anything: an exposition of the abstract principles of a science or art: speculation as opposed to practice. [Gr. theōrēma—theōrein, to view—theasthai, to see.]

Theosophy, thē-os′ō-fi, n. immediate divine illumination or inspiration claimed to be possessed by specially gifted men, who also possess abnormal control over natural forces.—ns. ', ', ', one who claims to believe in immediate divine illumination.—adjs. ', ', pertaining to theosophy.—adv. '.—v.i. ', to practise theosophy.—n. ', theosophical tenets.—adj. , theosophical. [Gr. theōsophia—theos, God, sophia, wisdom.]

Theotechny, thē-ō-tek′ni, n. the scheme of divine intervention, the art of introducing deities into poetry.—adj. . [Gr., theos, a god, technē, art.]

Theotocos, thē-ot′ō-kos, n. the mother of God, a title of the Virgin Mary repudiated by Nestorius—it being not God the Logos but only the human nature which had a mother and suffered pain and death.—Also . [Gr., theos, God, tiktein, tekein, to bring forth.]

Therapeutæ, ther-a-pū′tē, n.pl. a traditional ascetic sect, allied to the Essenes, living chiefly on the Lake Mareotis, near Alexandria.

Therapeutic, ther-a-pū′tik, adj. pertaining to the healing art: curative.—adv. '.—n.sing. ', that part of medicine concerned with the treatment and cure of diseases.—n. , one versed in therapeutics. [Gr. therapeuein, to take care of, to heal.]

There, thār, adv. in that place—opp. to Here, at that point—it is used to begin sentences when the subject comes after the verb.—interj. expressing certainty, alarm, &c., and in interjectional phrases equivalent to that, as 'There's a good boy.'—advs. ' or ', about or near that place: near that number, quantity, or degree; ', after or according to that; ', among them; ' (Scot.), concerning that matter; ', at that place or occurrence: on that account; ', from that place or direction, thence: in those parts, thereabout; ', by that means: in consequence of that; ', for that, this, or it; Therefore for that or this reason: consequently; ', from that or this; ', in that or this place, time, or thing; ', later in the same document; ', into that place.—n. ', the property of having relative situation or existence.—advs. ', of that or this; ', on that or this; ', out of that or this: outside; ', through that, by that means; ', ', to that or this; ', before that time; ', under that; ', upon or in consequence of that or this: immediately; ', with that or this, thereupon; , with that or this: at the same time, over and above. [A.S. ðær, ðer; conn. with the stem of the.]

Thereology, ther-ē-ol′ō-ji, n. the art of healing, therapeutics.—n. , one versed in thereology. [Gr. therein=therapeuein, to tend the sick, logia—legein, to speak.]

Theriaca, thē-rī′a-ka, n. one of the various preparations of opium: a medicine in the form of an electuary, supposed to be an antidote to snakebites, &c.—also '.—adjs. ', ', ', medicinal. [L.,—Gr. thēriakē—thērion, a wild beast.]

Therianthropism, thē-ri-an′thrō-pizm, n. the representation of deities in combined man and beast forms.—adj. ', pertaining to super human beings of combined human and bestial forms, or their worship.—n. ', divination by observation of beasts.—adjs. ', ', beast-like.—n. , the dissection of beasts, zootomy.

Theriatrica, thē-ri-at′ri-ka, n. the art of veterinary medicine.

Thermal, thėr′mal, adj. pertaining to heat: warm.—n. Therm, a thermal unit.—n.pl. ', hot springs or baths.—adv. '.—n. ', the science of the treatment of disease by heat, esp. by thermal mineral waters.—adj. ', thermal.—adv. '.—ns. ', an apparatus for measuring pressure of the atmosphere from the boiling-point of water; ', that branch of chemistry which treats of the relations between chemical action and heat; ', the property possessed by rays of radiant heat of having varying wave-lengths and degrees of refrangibility; ', a thermo-electric current.—adj. '.—n. ', the branch of physics which treats of heat as a mechanical agent.—adj. '.—ns. ', electricity developed by the unequal heating of bodies; ', an instrument for measuring the strength of a current of electricity by its effect in producing heat; ', the production of heat, esp. in the body by physiological processes.—adjs. ', '.—ns. ', the record made by a thermograph; ', an automatic self-registering thermometer; ', any process of writing involving the use of heat; ', magnetism as modified or produced by the action of heat on the body magnetised or on the medium surrounding it; ', a self-registering thermometer; ', a thermo-electric battery used as a thermometer; ', an instrument for detecting changes of temperature without measuring them accurately.—adj. '.—adv. '.—n. ', an appliance for showing temperatures automatically by the expansion of substances—used in regulating steam pressures, &c.—adj. '.—adv. '.—adjs. ', ', pertaining to heat.—n. ', the science of heat. [Gr. thermos, hot—thermē, heat—therein, to heat.]

Thermidor, ther-mi-dōr′, n. the eleventh month in the calendar of the first French Republic, lasting from the 19th of July to the 18th of August. The 9th Thermidor of the Republican year 2 (July 27, 1794) is historically memorable as the date of Robespierre's fall and the termination of the Reign of Terror.—n. , one who took part in this fortunate coup d'état.

Thermometer, thėr-mom′e-tėr, n. an instrument for measuring the variations of sensible heat or temperature.—adjs. ', ', pertaining to, or made with, a thermometer.—adv. .—For the Centigrade and the Fahrenheit scale and their relations to each other, see Centigrade and Fahrenheit. In the Réaumur scale, still largely used in Russia and Germany, the freezing-point is marked zero, and the space between this and boiling-point is divided into 80 degrees. To reduce it to Fahrenheit, multiply by 2¼ and add 32; to Centigrade, increase the number by one-fourth of itself. Thus: F = 9 &frasl; 5 C + 32 = 9 &frasl; 4 R + 32; C = 5 &frasl; 9 (F 32) = 5 &frasl; 4 R; R = 4 &frasl; 9 (F  32) = 4 &frasl; 5 C.—Maximum thermometer, one that registers the maximum temperature to which it is exposed; Minimum thermometer, one that registers the minimum temperature to which it is exposed. [Gr. thermē, heat, metron, a measure.]

Thesaurus, thē-saw′rus, n. a treasury or repository, esp. of knowledge: a lexicon or cyclopædia. [L.,—Gr. thēsauros—tithēmi, I place.]

These, thēz, ''demons. pron., pl. of this''. [A.S. thǽs, pl. of thes, this. Doublet those.]

Thesis, thē′sis, n. a position or that which is set down or advanced for argument: a subject for a scholastic exercise: an essay on a theme:—pl. Theses —adj. '.—adv. '. [L.—Gr. ti-thē-mi, I set.]

Thesmophoria, thes-mō-phō′ri-a, n.pl. an ancient Greek festival with mysteries, celebrated by married women in honour of Demeter (Ceres) five days about October.

Thesmothete, thes′mō-thēt, n. a lawgiver, esp. one of the six junior archons in ancient Athens.

Thespian, thes′pi-an, adj. pertaining to tragedy: tragic. [Gr. Thespis, founder of the Greek drama.]

Thetch, thech, n. (Spens.). Same as Thatch.

Thether, theth′ėr, adv. (Spens.). Same as Thither.

Theurgy, thē′ur-ji, n. that kind of magic which affects to work by supernatural agency, as distinguished from natural magic and necromancy.—adjs. ', '.—n. , a magician. [Gr. theourgia—theos, a god, ergein, to work.]

Thew, thū, n. (used chiefly in pl.) muscle or strength: sinews.—adjs. Thewed (Spens.), furnished with thews or sinews; ', weak; ', muscular, strong. [Perh. a form of thigh.]

Thewed, thūd, adj. (Spens.) mannered, behaved, educated. [A.S. théaw, manner, habit.]

They, thā, ''pers. pron., pl. of he, she, or it''. [The form thei, tha, that came into use in the north of England in the 13th cent., replacing the older hi, heo. It is the A.S. þá, nom. pl. of the definite article, prob. modified by Scandinavian influence.]

Thible, thib′l, n. (prov.) a pot-stick.

Thick, thik, adj. dense: imperfectly mobile: compact: not transparent or clear: misty: dull, mentally clouded: crowded: closely set: abundant: frequent, in quick succession: having great depth or circumference: (coll.) in fast friendship.—n. the thickest part of anything: a stupid person.—adv. closely: frequently: fast: to a great depth.—adjs. ', thorough, completely devoted; ' (Shak.), coming fast or close together.—v.t. ', to make thick or close: to strengthen.—v.i. to become thick or obscure: to crowd or press.—ns. ', something put into a liquid or mass to make it more thick; ', a collection of trees or shrubs thickly or closely set: close wood or copse.—adjs. ', having a thick head or skull: stupid; ', somewhat thick.—n. ', a stone-plover.—adj. ' (Shak.), having thick lips.—adv. '.—n. '.—adjs. ' (Shak.), closely interwoven; ', closely planted: having a short, thick body.—n. ', a person wanting sensibility: a dull, stupid person, a blockhead.—adj. ', having a thick skin: wanting sensibility: dull: obtuse.—n. ' (same as Thick-skin).—adjs. ', having a thick skull: dull: stupid; ' (Shak.), that have sprung up thick or close together.—n.  (slang), a sovereign: a crown.—Lay it on thick, to flatter or praise extravagantly; Through thick and thin, in spite of all obstacles, without any wavering. [A.S. thicce; cog. with Ger. dick.]

Thick, thik, n. (Spens.) a thicket.—v.i. (Spens.) to grow dense.

Thief, thēf, n. one who steals or takes unlawfully what is not his own.—ns. ', ', one whose business is to detect thieves and bring them to justice: a detective. [A.S. theóf; Ice. thjóf-r, Ger. dieb.]

Thieve, thēv, v.i. to practise theft: to steal.—n. ', the practice of thieving.—adj. ', given to, or like, theft or stealing: acting by stealth: secret: sly.—adv. '.—n. '. [A.S. theófian.]

Thig, thig, v.i. to make supplication, to live on alms.—v.t. to beseech, beg.—n. , a beggar, a sorner. [A.S. thicgan, to take.]

Thigh, thī, n. the thick fleshy part of the leg from the knee to the trunk.—n. , the bone of the leg between the hip-joint and the knee. [A.S. theó, theóh; Ice. thjó, Old High Ger. deoh.]

Thilk, thilk, pron. (Spens.) the same. [A.S. thylc, thyllíc, the like, such—thí, instrumental case of thæt, that, and líc, like.]

Thill, thil, n. one of the shafts of a cart or other carriage.—ns. ', ' (Shak.), the horse that goes between the thills or shafts of a carriage, or the last of a team. [A.S. thille, a board, a plank.]

Thimble, thim′bl, n. a metal cover for the finger, used in sewing.—ns. ', a case for holding a thimble; ', as much as a thimble will hold: a small quantity; ', a sleight-of-hand trick in which the performer conceals, or pretends to conceal, a pea or small ball under one of three thimble-like cups.—v.i. to cheat by such means.—ns. '; . [A.S. thýmel, a thumb-stall—thúma, a thumb. An extension of thumb.]

Thin, thin, adj. having little thickness: slim: lean: freely mobile: small: fine: not close or crowded: transparent, flimsy, shallow: not full or well grown, meagre, weak.—adv. not thickly or closely: in a scattered state.—v.t. to make thin: to make less close or crowded (with away, out, &c.): to make rare or less thick or dense.—v.i. to grow or become thin:—pr.p. pa.t. and pa.p. thinned.—adj. ' (Shak.), having a thin face.—adv. '.—n. '.—adjs. ', somewhat thin; ', having a thin skin: sensitive: irritable.—n. '. [A.S. thynne; Ice. thunnr, Ger. dünn.]

Thine, thīn, pron. (poss. form of thou) belonging to thee: thy. [A.S. thín, thy—thín, gen. of thú, thou; Ger. dein.]

Thing, thing, n. an inanimate object: a living being (in tenderness or in contempt): an event: a part: (pl.) clothes, wraps.—ns. ', reality, objectivity: disposition to take a materialistic view of things; ', a noumenon, the Ger. ding an sich; ', ' (coll.), a thing, anything, an indefinite name for some person whom one cannot be troubled to name distinctly.—adj. , materialistic.—Do the handsome thing by, to treat generously; Know a thing or two, to be shrewd; Make a good thing of it, to reap a good advantage from; The thing, the proper or right thing. [A.S. thing, thinc; Ger. ding.]

Thing, ting, n. a parliament, or a court of law, in Scandinavian countries. [Ice. thing, an assembly.]

Think, thingk, v.i. to exercise the mind (with about, of, on): to revolve ideas in the mind: to judge: to form or hold as an opinion: to consider: to purpose or design.—v.t. to imagine: to judge: to believe or consider:—pa.t. and pa.p. thought.—adj. ', capable of being thought.—n. '.—p.adj. ', having the faculty of thought.—n. the act or state of one who thinks: (Shak.) thought, imagination, judgment.—adv. '.—Think little of, to have a poor opinion of—opposite to Think much, or well, of; Think long, to yearn for: to become weary in waiting; Think out, to devise, project: to solve by a process of thought. [A.S. thencan, thencean; cog. with Ger. denken, from root of thank.]

Third, thėrd, adj. the last of three.—n. one of three equal parts: (golf) a handicap of a stroke every third hole.—ns. ' (Shak.), an under-constable; ', the third part of anything.—adv. ', in the third place.—adj. ', of the third order.—n. , a mediator.—Third estate, in England, the House of Commons; Third person in the Trinity, the Holy Spirit. [A.S. thridda—threó, three.]

Thirl, thėrl, n. (prov.) a hole: an opening: a short passage between two headings in a mine.—v.t. to pierce, wound: cause to quiver.—v.i. to vibrate, tingle, thrill.

Thirl, thėrl, n. a form of thrall.—v.t. to bind or subject.—n. , a form of servitude by which the grain produced on certain lands had to be ground at a certain mill and a certain proportion paid.

Thirst, thėrst, n. the uneasiness caused by want of drink: vehement desire for drink: eager desire for anything.—v.i. to feel thirst: to desire vehemently.—n. '.—adv. '.—n. '.—adj. ', suffering from thirst: dry: parched: vehemently desiring. [A.S. thurst, thyrst; Ger. durst; cf. Gr. tersesthai, L. torrēre, to dry.]

Thirteen, thėr′tēn, adj. and n. three and ten.—adj. and n. , the last of thirteen: a thirteenth part. [A.S. threótýne—threó, three, týn, ten.]

Thirty, thėr′ti, adj. and n. three times ten.—adj. , the last of thirty.—n. a thirtieth part. [A.S. thrítig—threó, three, -tig, suff. denoting ten.]

This, this, ''demons. pron. or adj. denoting a person or thing near, just mentioned, or about to be mentioned: (B.) the last past:—pl. These.—n.'' , hæccity. [A.S. this, the neut. of the adj. pron. thes (masc.), theós (fem.), this (neut.)—pl. thǽs (=these), thás (=those); Ice. thessi, Ger. dieser.]

Thistle, this′l, n. a genus of prickly plants.—n. ', the tufted feathery bristles of the seeds of the thistle.—adj. ', overgrown with thistles. [A.S. thistel; Ger. distel.]

Thither, thith′ėr, adv. to that place: to that end or result.—adv. , toward that place. [A.S. ðider.]

Thlipsis, thlip′sis, n. constriction of a blood-vessel by external compression. [Gr.,—thlibein, to press.]

Tho, thō, adv. (Spens.) then, also the sing. of those.

Tho&apos;=Though.

Thoft, thoft, n. (prov.) a rowing-bench. [A.S. thofte.]

Thole, thōl, n. a pin in the side of a boat to keep the oar in place.—Also , Thowl, Thowel. [A.S. thol; Dut. dol, Ice. thollr.]

Thole, thōl, v.t. to endure, to suffer: to yield.—v.i. to be patient, to wait. [A.S. tholian, to suffer; Goth. thulan, Ice. thola; Old High Ger. dolén, whence Ger, ge-duld, patience, dulden, to suffer.]

Tholobate, thō′lō-bāt, n. (archit.) the substructure on which a dome or cupola rests. [Gr. tholos, a dome, bainein, to go.]

Tholus, thō′lus, n. a round building, dome, cupola:—pl. .—Also Thole. [Gr.]

Thomism, tō′mizm, n. the doctrines of the followers of the prince of scholastic theologians, Thomas Aquinas (1226-74), esp. as these are set forth in his Summa Theologiæ, which still represent, with few exceptions, the general teaching of the R.C. Church.—n. ', a follower of Aquinas.—adjs. ', .

Thong, thong, n. a piece or strap of leather to fasten anything. [A.S. thwang.]

Thor, thōr, n. the second principal Scandinavian divinity, the god of thunder. [Ice. Thórr.]

Thorah=Torah.

Thoral, thō′ral, adj. nuptial. [L. torus, the bed.]

Thorax, thō′raks, n. the part of the body between the neck and belly: the chest.—adj. Thoracic pertaining to the thorax or breast. [L.,—Gr.]

Thorium, thō′ri-um, n. a rare metal resembling aluminium, but taking fire below a red heat, and burning with great brilliancy.—Also .

Thorn, thorn, n. a sharp, woody spine on the stem of a plant: a spine: a plant having spines or thorns: anything prickly or troublesome.—ns. ', a plant of genus Datura: a haw, a thorn-tree; ', a species of ray or skate which has nail-like crooked spines in its back; ', a variety of humming-bird with short, straight bill; ', a shrub producing thorns; ', a hedge of hawthorn.—adjs. ', without thorns; ', set or beset with thorns; ', full of thorns: prickly: troublesome: harassing (A.S. thorniht).—Thorn in the flesh, any cause of constant irritation, from 2 Cor. xii. 7. [A.S. thorn; Ice. thorn, Ger. dorn.]

Thorough, thur′ō, adj. passing through or to the end: complete: entire.—prep. (obs.) through.—n. that which goes through, a passage: the blind and obstinately tyrannical policy of Strafford and Laud in administering civil and ecclesiastical affairs without regard to opposite convictions.—n. ' (mus.), a bass part all through a piece, with figures placed over the notes to indicate the harmony to be played to each.—adj. ', thoroughly or completely bred: bred from a dam and sire of the best blood, as a horse, and having the qualities supposed to depend thereon.—n. an animal, esp. a horse, of pure blood—of race-horses, one all of whose ancestors for seven generations (five in America) are recorded in the stud-book.—n. ', a fare or passage for going through: a public way or street: right of passing through.—adj. ', going through or to the end: going all lengths: complete.—adv. '.—n. '.—adj. , thoroughly or perfectly paced or trained: complete. [The longer form of through.]

Thorp, Thorpe, thorp, n. a homestead: a hamlet. [A.S. thorp; Goth. thaurp, Ger. dorf.]

Those, thōz, pron., pl. of that. [From A.S. thás, the old pl. of thes, this. Cf. This. Doublet these.]

Thoth, thoth, n. the ancient Egyptian god of wisdom, and the inventor of art, science, letters, &c., ibis-headed, with a tau-cross in his hand.

Thou, thow, pron. of the second person sing., the person addressed (now generally used only in solemn address). [A.S. ðú; cog. with Goth. thu, Gr. tu, L. tu, Sans. tva-m.]

Though, thō, conj. admitting: allowing: even if notwithstanding. [Lit. 'on that' (condition), A.S. ðeáh, ðéh; cog. with Goth. thau-h, Ice. thó, Ger. doch; from the stem of the.]

Thought, thawt, pa.t. and pa.p. of think. [A.S. þoht—þencan, to think.]

Thought, thawt, n. the act of thinking: reasoning: deliberation: that which one thinks: idea: fancy: consideration: opinion: meditation: design: care.—adjs. ', having thoughts; ', full of thought: employed in meditation: attentive: considerate: promoting serious thought: favourable to meditation.—adv. '.—n. '.—adj. ', without thought or care: careless: inattentive: stupid: dull.—adv. '.—ns. '; '; ', the dubious act or art of discerning what is passing in another's mind by some direct and unexplained method, depending neither on gesture, facial expression, nor any articulate or other voluntary indication.—adj. ' (Shak.), uneasy with reflection.—n. ', telepathy.—adj. ', telepathic.—n. , a supposed undulatory movement of a hypothetical medium by which the phenomena of thought-transference are explained.—Take thought (Shak.), to give way to grief. [A.S. ge-thóht; Ice. thóttr, Ger. bedacht. Cf. Think.]

Thous, thowz (Spens.), Thou art.

Thous, thō′us, n. a genus of canines, the African jackals, [L. thos—Gr. thōs, a wild dog.]

Thousand, thow′zand, adj. denoting ten hundred: proverbially, denoting any great number.—n. the number ten hundred: any large number.—adj. ', folded a thousand times: multiplied by a thousand.—n. ', any one of the Myriapoda.—adj. , the last of a thousand or of any great number.—n. one of a thousand or of any great number.—One in [of] a thousand, anything exceedingly rare, implying a high degree of rarity or excellence. [A.S. thúsend; Ger. tausend, Goth. thúsundi.]

Thowel, Thowl. See Thole (1).

Thowless, thow′les, adj. (Scot.) pithless: lazy. [Thew.]

Thrall, thrawl, n. a slave, serf: slavery, servitude: a shelf for barrels.—adj. (arch.) subject.—v.t. to enslave.—ns. ', ', the condition of a thrall or slave: slavery: bondage.—adj.  (Milt.), resembling a thrall or slave: resembling slavery: slavish. [Old Northumbrian ðrǽl—Ice. þræll, a slave; cf. Old High Ger. drigil, a slave, one who runs errands. From root of A.S. þrægian, to run.]

Thrap, thrap, v.t. to fasten about. [Prob. frap.]

Thrapple, thrap′l, n. (Scot.) the windpipe.—Also . [Throttle.]

Thrash, thrash, v.t. to heat out grain from the straw, to beat soundly—also Thresh.—ns. ', '; ', ', the act of beating out grain from the straw: a sound beating or drubbing; ', ', a floor on which grain is thrashed; ', ', a machine or apparatus for thrashing corn. [A.S. therscan; cog. with Ger. dreschen.]

Thrash, thrash, n. (Scot.) a rush.—Also Thresh.

Thrasher, thrash′ėr, n. an American throstle or thrush, the brown thrush or sandy mocking-bird.—Also .

Thrasonical, thrā-son′ik-al, adj. resembling Thraso, a boastful soldier in Terence's Eunuchus: boastful, bragging.—adv. .

Thratch, thrach, v.t. (Scot.) to gasp for breath.—n. laboured breathing.

Thrave, thrāv, n. twenty-four sheaves of grain set up in two stooks of twelve sheaves each: the number of two dozen, a good number.—Also Threave (thrēv). [Scand., Ice. þrefi—þrífa, to grasp.]

Thraw, thraw, v.t. (Scot.) to twist, wrench.—v.i. to writhe, to wriggle: to be perverse.—adjs. ', ', obstinate; Thrawn, twisted: perverse.—Heads and thraws, lying beside each other, the head of the one by the feet of the other; In the dead thraw, in the agony of death. [Throw.]

Thread, thred, n. a very thin line of any substance twisted and drawn out: a filament of any fibrous substance: a fine line of yarn: anything resembling a thread: the prominent spiral part of a screw: something continued in long course: the uniform tenor of a discourse.—v.t. to pass a thread through the eye of (as a needle): to pass or pierce through, as a narrow way: to furnish with a thread.—adj. ', worn to the bare thread: having the nap worn off: hackneyed: used till its novelty or interest is gone.—n. '.—adj. ' (Shak.), made of thread.—ns. '; ', the state of being thread-like or slender: the quality of containing threads; ', lace made of linen thread; ', a piece of thin soft paper for wrapping up a skein of thread.—n.pl. ', a popular name for Nematoda, a class of more or less thread-like worms, many parasitic, others free-living.—adj. , like thread: slender: containing, or consisting of, thread.—Thread and thrum, all, the good and bad together; Thread of life, the thread imagined to be spun and cut by the Fates.—Lisle thread, a fine hard-twisted linen thread originally made at Lille in France. [A.S. thrǽd—thráwan, to wind, to twist; Ger. drehen.]

Threap, Threep, thrēp, v.t. (Scot.) to maintain persistently: to contradict: to urge, to press eagerly.—v.i. to dispute.—n. stubborn insistence: contradiction: a freet. [A.S. threápian, to rebuke.]

Threat, thret, n. declaration of an intention to inflict punishment or other evil upon another: menace.—v.t. ', to declare the intention of inflicting punishment or other evil upon another: to terrify by menaces: to present the appearance of coming evil or of something unpleasant.—n. '.—adj. ', indicating a threat or menace: indicating something approaching or impending.—adv. '.—adj.  (Spens.), full of threats, having a menacing appearance. [A.S. þreát—þreótan, to afflict; cog. with Ger. verdriessen, Goth. thriutan, to vex.]

Three, thrē, adj. and n. two and one.—adj. ', having three corners or angles: (bot.) having three prominent longitudinal angles, as a stem.—n. ', ship of war carrying guns on three decks: an old-fashioned pulpit.—adjs. ', folded thrice: thrice repeated: consisting of three; ', measuring three feet, or having three feet; ', ' (bot.), having three distinct leaflets: having the leaves arranged in threes; ' (bot.), having three lobes; ' (Shak.), worked by three men.—n. ', a ship with three masts.—adjs. ', having three nerves: (bot.) having three distinct nerves running longitudinally without branching, as a leaf; ' (Shak.), three-cornered; ', consisting of three parts: (bot.) divided into three parts down to the base, as a leaf.—n. Threepence coll.  three pennies: a silver coin of the value of threepence.—adj. ', worth threepence: of little worth: mean, vulgar.—ns. ', bonds or other securities paying three per cent. interest, esp. a portion of the consolidated debt of Great Britain; ' (Shak.), the finest kind of velvet.—adjs. ', set with a thick pile, as velvet: (Shak.) of the best quality: (Shak.) piled one on another; ', having three plies or folds; ', three times a score, sixty (also n.); ', having three sides; ', triple; ', having but three suits of clothes; ', consisting of, or opening with, three valves.—Three F's, free sale, fixity of tenure, fair rent—the three demands of the Irish Land League; Three R's (see R); Three times three, three cheers thrice repeated. [A.S. þreó, þrý, þír; Ice. þrír, Gael. tri, Goth. threis, Ger. drei, L. tres, Gr. treis, Sans. tri.]

Thremmatology, threm-a-tol′ō-ji, n. the science of breeding or propagating animals and plants under domestication. [Gr. thremma—trephein, to nurse, logia—legein, to say.]

Threnody, thren′ō-di, n. an ode or song of lamentation.—n. Threne, a lament, lamentation.—adjs. ', '; ', '.—n. , a writer of threnodies. [Gr. thrēnōdia—thrēnos, a lament, ōdē, a song.]

Threpsology, threp-sol′ō-ji, n. the science of the nutrition of living organisms, or a treatise thereon. [Gr. threpsis—trephein, to nourish, logia—legein, to say.]

Thresh, thresh (see Thrash).—ns. ', a flail; ', the fox-shark; , the grampus.

Threshold, thresh′ōld, n. a piece of wood or stone under the door of a house: door: entrance: the place or point of entering. [M. E. threshwold—A.S. therscwald—therscan, to thresh, wald, wood.]

Threstle, thres′l, n. a three-legged stool. [Trestle.]

Thretty, thret′i, a dial. form of thirty.

Threw, thrōō, pa.t. of throw.

Thrice, thrīs, adv. three times. [M. E. thriës—A.S. þríwa, thrice—þrí, three.]

Thrid, thrid, n. (Spens.) a thread.—v.t. to slip through, as a narrow passage. [Thread.]

Thridacium, thri-dā′si-um, n. the inspissated juice of lettuce.—Also . [L. thridax—Gr. thridax, lettuce.]

Thrift, thrift, n. state of thriving: frugality: prosperity: increase of wealth: gain: a plant of genus Armeria, order Plumbagineæ, the marsh-rosemary.—adv. '.—n. '.—adj. ', not thrifty: extravagant: not thriving.—adv. '.—n. '.—adj. ' (comp. ', superl. '), showing thrift or economy: thriving by frugality. [Thrive.]

Thrill, thril, v.t. to pierce: to affect strongly.—v.i. to pierce, as something sharp: to cause a tingling, shivering feeling to run through the body: to feel a sharp, shivering sensation.—n. a thrilling sensation.—adjs. ' (Spens.), thrilling, piercing; ', causing to thrill.—adv. ', in a thrilling manner: with thrilling sensations.—n. '. [A.S. thyrlian, to bore a hole—thyrel, a hole; Ger. drillen, to drill a hole.]

Thrips, thrips, n. a genus of the family Thripidæ, which is the sole family of the order Thysanoptera, any member of the same, the corn-thrips, the jassid, the grape-vine thrips. [Gr. thrips, a wood-worm.]

Thrist, thrist, v.i. (Spens.) same as Thirst.—adj. =Thirsty.

Thrive, thrīv, v.i. to prosper: to increase in goods: to be successful: to grow: to flourish:—pa.t. thrōve and thrīved; pa.p. —adj. ', thriftless.—n. ', one who succeeds.—p.adj. ', flourishing, successful.—adv. ', in a thriving or prosperous manner.—n. . [Ice. thrífa, to grasp.]

Thro′, Thro=Through.

Throat, thrōt, n. the forepart of the neck, in which are the gullet and windpipe: an entrance: a narrow part of anything: (naut.) the widened and hollowed end of a gaff next the mast—opp. to Peak, the outer end.—ns. ', ', ', a band about the throat; ', an eye-bolt to which to hook the throat-halyards.—n.pl. ', those which are attached to the gaff for trussing up the sail close to the gaff as well as the mast.—adj. ', with a throat of a specified kind.—n.pl. ', those for hoisting the throat of a gaff.—adj. ', formed in the throat, guttural in sound.—Clergyman's sore throat, an affection commonly arising from too prolonged or powerful exercise of the voice by persons in whom the mucous membrane of the throat is in a relaxed condition; Cut one's own, or another's, throat, to pursue some course ruinous to one's own or to another's interests; Give one the lie in his throat, to accuse one to his face of a lie. [A.S. throte; Dut. strot, Ger. drossel, the throat.]

Throb, throb, v.i. to beat or palpitate, as the heart or pulse, with more than usual force:—pr.p. pa.t. and pa.p. throbbed.—n. a beat or strong pulsation.—adv. '.—adj. '. [M. E. throbben; cf. L. trepidus, trembling.]

Throe, thrō, n. suffering, pain: agony: the pains of childbirth.—v.i. to be in agony.—v.t. to put in agony. [A.S. threá, threáw, suffering—threówan, to suffer.]

Thrombosis, throm-bō′sis, n. an affection of the blood—vessels (either veins or arteries), which essentially consists in a coagulation of blood, forming a true clot, at a certain fixed spot.—adjs. ', '.—n. , the blood-clot formed in thrombosis.

Throne, thrōn, n. a chair of state richly ornamented and covered with a canopy: seat of a bishop in the cathedral-church of his diocese: sovereign power and dignity: (pl.) the third order of angels in the first triad of the celestial hierarchy.—v.t. to place on a royal seat: to exalt.—v.i. to sit in state, as on a throne:—pr.p. pa.t. and pa.p. thrōned.—adjs. '; '. [O. Fr.,—L. thronus—Gr. thronos, a seat.]

Throng, throng, n. a large number of people pressed or crowded together: a crowd: a great multitude.—v.t. to press or crowd: to annoy with numbers.—v.i. to crowd together: to come in multitudes.—adj. (prov.) crowded: busy.—adj. , thronged. [A.S. ge-thrang—thringan, to press.]

Thropple. Same as Thrapple.

Throstle, thros′l, n. the song-thrush or mavis: a machine for twisting and winding fibres from roves, consisting of a set of drawing-rollers with bobbins and fliers—also Water-frame.—n. , the missel-thrush. [A.S. throstle; Ger. drossel, L. turdus, a thrush.]

Throstling, thros′ling, n. a swelling on the throat of cattle causing strangulation.

Throttle, throt′l, n. the throat or windpipe.—v.t. to choke by pressure on the windpipe: to shut off the steam from a steam-pipe, engine, &c.—v.i. to breathe hard, as when nearly suffocated.—ns. ', the vertical pipe between the throttle-valve and dry-pipe of a locomotive; ', one who throttles; , a valve regulating the supply of steam to the cylinder. [Dim. of throat.]

Through, thrōō, prep. from end to end, or from side to side of: between the sides of: over the whole extent of: among: from beginning to end: by means of: in consequence of.—adv. from one end or side to the other: from beginning to end: to the end or purpose.—adj. clear, unobstructed, serving for an entire route.—adv. ', thoroughly.—ns. ', a bolt which passes through from side to side of what it fastens; ' (Shak.), same as Thoroughfare; ' (Scot.), a thoroughfare.—adj. ', thorough-going.—n. ' (Scot.), a scolding.—adj. active, energetic.—adv. ' (obs.) same as Thoroughly.—prep. ', through to the outside: in every part of: from one end to the other.—adv. in every part: everywhere.—ns. ', a bonder or bond-stone in building: a grave-stone made so as to lie flat; ', a ticket for the whole of a journey; , the traffic between two centres at a distance from each other—opp. to Local traffic; , a train which goes the whole length of a long route.—Be through, to be finished; Carry through (see Carry); Go through (see Go). [A.S. þurh; Ger. durch, Sans. tiras.]

Throve, thrōv, pa.t. of thrive.

Throw, thrō, v.t. to hurl: to fling: to wind or twist together, as yarn: to form on a wheel, as pottery: to venture at dice: to put off: to put on or spread carelessly: to cast down in wrestling.—v.i. to cast or hurl: to cast dice:—pa.t. threw (thrōō); pa.p. thrōwn.—n. the act of throwing; a cast, esp. of dice: the distance to which anything may be thrown: a violent effort.—ns. '; ', a potter's wheel.—adj. Thrown, twisted.—ns. ', organzine, silk thread formed by twisting together two or more threads or singles; ', one who throws silk: a gambler; , a weapon thrown whirling from the hand, as the boomerang.—Throw about (Spens.), to cast about or try expedients; Throw away, to lose by neglect or folly, to spend in vain, to reject; Throw back, to retort, to refuse: to revert to some ancestral character, to show atavism; Throw by, to reject, to lay aside as of no use; Throw down, to destroy, to subvert: to depress; Throw in, to inject, as a fluid, to put in or deposit along with others, to add as an extra; Throw light on, to make clear; Throw off, to expel, to reject, to renounce: to give forth in an unpremeditated manner; Throw on, to put on hastily; Throw one's self into, to engage heartily in; Throw one's self on, or upon, to cast one's confidence upon, to resign one's self to; Throw open, to cause to swing wide open, to make freely accessible; Throw out, to cast out, to reject, to expel: to emit, to utter carelessly, to cause to project: to put into confusion, to confuse: to distance, leave behind; Throw over, to discard or desert; Throw up, to hoist or raise, to raise hastily: to enlarge, as a picture reflected on a screen: to give up, to resign: to vomit. [A.S. thráwan, to turn, to twist; Ger. drehen, to twist, L. torquēre.]

Thrum, thrum, n. the end of a weaver's thread, any loose thread or fringe: coarse yarn.—v.t. to furnish with thrums: to fringe: to insert short pieces of rope-yarn in a mat or piece of canvas:—pr.p. pa.t. and pa.p. thrummed.—ns. ', ' (Shak.), a cap or hat made of thrums or of coarse, shaggy cloth.—adj. , made of, or like, thrums. [Ice. þrómr, the edge; Ger. trumm, a fragment.]

Thrum, thrum, v.i. to play rudely or monotonously on an instrument with the fingers.—n. a monotonous sound, as that made by unskilled fingers on a harp, &c.—n. .

Thrush, thrush, n. a genus of Passerine birds of the family Turdidæ, specifically the throstle, song-thrush, or mavis of Europe. [A.S. þrysce, a thrush.]

Thrush, thrush, n. an inflammatory and suppurating affection of the sensitive surfaces within the frog of the horse: an infantile disease of the mouth and throat. [Scand., Ice. þurr, dry.]

Thrust, thrust, v.t. to push or drive with force: to stab, pierce.—v.i. to make a push, esp. with a pointed weapon: to squeeze in: to intrude:—pa.t. and pa.p. thrust.—n. a stab: an assault: the horizontal outward pressure of an arch against its abutments, or of rafters, beams, &c. against the walls or bearings: the white whey, the last to be squeezed from the curd.—ns. '; ', a hoe worked by pushing.—Thrust aside, to push away, to reject; Thrust off, to push away; Thrust on, to urge or impel; Thrust one's self into, to intrude; Thrust out, to drive out or away; Thrust through (Shak.), to pierce, to stab; Thrust to (Spens.), to rush upon; Thrust together, to compress; Thrust upon, to force upon. [Ice. thrýsta, to press.]

Thrust, thrust, v.i. (Spens.) to thirst.—n. thirst.

Thud, thud, n. a dull, hollow sound, caused by a blow or a heavy body falling: a loud noise, concussion, or blast.—v.i. to make a thudding sound: (Scot.) to move quickly.—v.t. (Scot.) to beat, strike. [A.S. þóden, noise.]

Thug, thug, n. one of a class of professional robbers and assassins in India—a kind of secret religious fraternity, murdering stealthily by strangling or poisoning with datura, extirpated 1826-35: any cut-throat ruffian.—ns. ', ', , the practice and superstition of the Thugs. [Hind., thag, thug, cheat.]

Thule, thū′lē, n. the name generally given by the ancients to the most northerly part of Europe known to them, of which their want of knowledge was eked out by the imagination—the Orkney and Shetland groups, Iceland, &c. The usual Roman phrase was Ultima Thule. [L.,—Gr. thylē.]

Thumb, thum, n. the short, thick digit, consisting of two phalanges, on the radial side of the human hand: the corresponding member in other animals.—v.t. to handle awkwardly: to play or soil with the thumb or fingers.—v.i. to finger.—adj. Thumbed, having thumbs: marked by the thumb, worn.—ns. ', ', an old instrument of torture for compressing the thumb by means of a screw.—adj. '.—ns. ', a mark left by the impression of the thumb on the pages of a book, &c.; ', a piece serving as a support for the thumb: a knob or projection by means of which a spring is worked by pressure of the thumb; ', a very small pot used by florists for starting slips or seedlings; ' (Shak.), a ring worn on the thumb: a ring for the thumb fastened to the guard of a dagger or sword; ', a covering or sheath for the thumb.—By rule of thumb, in a rough-and-ready practical manner, found by experience to be convenient; Under one's thumb, under one's influence. [With intrusive b from A.S. þuma; cog. with Ger. daumen.]

Thummim, thum′im, n.pl. perfection. [Heb., tummīm (pl. of tōm), perfection—tāmam, to be perfect. Cf. Urim.]

Thump, thump, n. a heavy blow.—v.t. to beat with something heavy.—v.i. to strike or fall with a dull, heavy blow.—n. ', one who, or that which, thumps: anything very big, a big lie, &c.—adj. ', unusually big. [Prob. imit., like Ice. dumpa, to thump.]

Thunder, thun′dėr, n. the deep rumbling sound after a flash of lightning, a thunderbolt: any loud noise: an alarming denunciation.—v.i. to make thunder: to sound as thunder.—v.t. to give out with noise and terror: to publish a denunciation.—ns. ', a bolt or shaft of lightning preceding a peal of thunder: anything sudden and irresistible: a daring or irresistible hero: ecclesiastical denunciation; ', a sudden peal of thunder: the report of an explosion of electricity in the clouds; ', a cloud charged with electricity, which generally produces lightning and thunder; '; ', the report of a discharge of electricity in the clouds: thunder.—adj. unusually big, tremendous.—adv. '.—adjs. ', without thunder; ' (Shak.), like thunder, as a loud noise; ', giving forth a sound like thunder, awful.—adv. '.—ns. ', a clap of thunder; ', a heavy fall of rain in a thunder-storm; ', a shower accompanied with thunder, or a short heavy shower from a thunder-cloud; ' (Shak.), a stone fabulously supposed to be hurled by thunder, and to do the damage of lightning, a thunderbolt: (geol.) a belemnite, so called from its dart-like shape; ', continued discharges of electricity from the clouds, producing lightning and thunder, and generally accompanied with heavy rain.—v.t. ', to strike as by lightning.—n. ' (Shak.), a stroke or blast by lightning.—adjs. ', struck by lightning: astonished: struck dumb; , indicative of thunder, or attended by it. [With intrusive d from A.S. þunor—þunian, to rattle; cog. with Ger. donner, Ice. þorr for þonr, L. tonāre.]

Thurible, thū′ri-bl, n. a censer of metal for burning frankincense.—n. ', the server who carries the thurible.—adjs. ', producing or bearing frankincense; ', having offered incense.—n. '.—v.t. , to cense.—n. Thus, frankincense. [L. thuribulum—thus, thuris, frankincense; akin to Gr. thyos, a sacrifice.]

Thursday, thurz′dā, n. the fifth day of the week, so called because originally sacred to Thor, the old Teutonic god of thunder. [A.S. thunres dæg—thunres, gen. of thunor, thunder, dæg, day; Ice. Thórsdag-r, Thor's day, Ger. Donnerstag.]

Thus, thus, adv. in this or that manner: to this degree or extent.—n. ', state of being thus.—adv. ', in this manner. [A.S. ðus, prob. ðýs, instrumental case of ðes, this.]

Thwack, thwak, v.t. to strike with something blunt and heavy, to thrash.—n. a heavy blow. [A.S. thaccian, to stroke.]

Thwaite, thwāt, n. a piece of land reclaimed to tillage—common in place-names, as Bassenthwaite, Crossthwaite. [Ice. thveit.]

Thwart, thwawrt, adj. cross: being crosswise.—v.t. to cross: to oppose; to defeat.—n. the bench for rowers placed athwart the boat.—advs. Thwart; '.—n. '.—adj. ', perverse.—advs. ', perversely; '; ', across the ship. [Ice. thvert, neut. of thverr; perverse; cog. with A.S. thweorh, Ger. zwerch.]

Thy, thī, ''poss. adj.'' thine, of or pertaining to thee. [Short for thine, A.S. ðín, gen. of ðu, thou.]

Thyine-wood, thī′in-wōōd, n. a wood named in Rev. xviii. 12, probably that of the sandarac-tree. [Gr.]

Thylacine, thī′la-sēn, n. the largest of the extant predaceous marsupials, represented by one species, now restricted to Tasmania.

Thyme, tīm, n. a genus of humble half-shrubby plants of the natural order Labiatæ, the common garden-thyme, cultivated for its fragrance, wild-thyme, &c.—n. ', an antiseptic phenol, obtained from oil of thyme by distillation.—adj. '. [Fr.,—L. L. thymum—Gr. thyein, to fill with sweet smells, to burn in sacrifice.]

Thymus, thī′mus, n. a ductless gland near the root of the neck, of no known function, vestigial in adult man—that of veal and lamb called neck-sweetbread. [Gr. thymos, sweet thyme.]

Thyroid, thī′roid, adj. in the form of a shield: denoting a cartilage constituting the anterior, upper part of the larynx, popularly called Adam's apple: denoting a vascular or ductless gland which arises in the earlier human embryo as an ingrowth from the lower part of the pharynx (see Myxœdema). [Gr. thyreos, a shield, eidos, form.]

Thyrsus, thėr′sus, n. (bot.) an inflorescence consisting of a panicle with the lower branches shorter than the middle ones: the wand of Bacchus, a staff wreathed with ivy—also Thyrse.—adjs. ', ', having the form of a thyrsus. [Gr. thyrsos.]

Thysanura, this-a-nū′ra, n. an order of wingless insects of small size, undergoing no metamorphosis, the abdomen usually bearing peculiar structures which seem to be abortive limbs, the spring-tails or bristle-tails.—adjs. '; '. [Gr. thysanos, a fringe, oura, a tail.]

Thyself, thī-self, pron. thou or thee, in person—used for emphasis.

Ti, tē, n. a small Pacific tree of the lily family whose fleshy roots are eaten, and yield sugar and spirit.



Tiara, tī-ā′ra, n. the lofty ornamental head-dress of the ancient Persians: a head-dress: the mitre of the Jewish high-priest: the pope's triple crown, the papal dignity—also (poet.) Tiar.—adj. , wearing a tiara. [Fr. tiare—L. tiara—Gr. tiara.]

Tib, tib, n. (Shak.) a punk, whore.

Tibet, Thibet, ti-bet′, n. a woollen stuff generally printed in colours: a heavy fabric used for the same purposes as furs, made of goat's hair, black and finely curled—also Tibet cloth.—adj. , pertaining to Tibet, its language or people.—n. the language or people of Tibet.

Tibia, tib′i-a, n. the large shinbone.—adj. ', pertaining to the tibia: pertaining to a pipe or flute.—ns. ', a tibial muscle; , a flute-player. [L., the shinbone, hence a flute.]

Tic, tik, n. a convulsive motion of certain muscles, esp. of the face.—n. , painful convulsive motion of a nerve, usually in the face. [Fr. tic, a twitching; cf. Low Ger. tukken, to twitch.]

Tice, tīs, v.t. (Shak.) to entice.

Tick, tik, n. the popular name for several acaridan arachnids which infest dogs, sheep, &c. [M. E. teke; Dut. teek, Ger. zecke.]

Tick, tik, n. the case or cover in which feathers, &c., are put for bedding.—ns. ', ', the cloth of which ticks are made. [L. theca— thēkē, a case—tithēmi, I put.]

Tick, tik, v.i. to make a small, quick noise: to beat, as a watch.—ns. ', anything which ticks, a watch; ', a noise like that made by a clock: (Shak.) a game somewhat like backgammon—adv. with a recurring ticking sound. [Imit.; cf. Ger. ticken.]

Tick, tik, v.i. to get or give credit.—n. credit: trust.—n. , a shop where goods are given on credit.—Buy on tick, to buy on credit. [Ticket.]

Tick, tik, v.i. to touch lightly.—n. a tap or light touch: a slight speck.—adj. Ticked, speckled.—v.t. ', to touch lightly and cause to laugh: to please by slight gratification.—v.i. to feel titillation or tickling.—ns. '; . [Tickle is a dim. of tick, to touch lightly, M. E. teck, a touch; Dut. tik.]

Ticket, tik′et, n. a marked card: a token of any right or debt, as for admission, &c.: a list of candidates put forward by a party for election: (obs.) a visiting-card.—v.t. to mark by a ticket.—ns. ', the day before settling day on the Stock Exchange; ', a license to be at large, granted to a convict for good conduct; ', a licensed porter wearing a badge or ticket; ' (see Coupon); , a ticket bearing the names of the nominees of a political party, and them only.—Season ticket, a ticket entitling the holder to admission to lectures, &c., or to travel between certain places on a line of railway, for a certain specified period; The ticket, the correct thing. [Short for O. Fr. etiquet, a label, from Teut.; Ger. stecken, to stick.]

Tickle, tik′l, adj. (Spens.) uncertain, insecure: (Shak.) tottering, insecure, easily tickled, ticklish.—n. ', something difficult, a puzzle: a banker's memorandum-book: a dram of spirits.—adj. ', easily tickled: easily affected: nice: critical.—adv. '.—n. '.—adj. ', ticklish.—n. ', risky ice that bends under a skater: (pl.) any game, as tag, played on such ice. [M. E. tikel, unstable, tikelen, freq. of tick, to touch lightly.]

Tid, tid, n. (Scot.) fit time or condition.

Tidbit. Same as Titbit.

Tiddle, tid′l, v.t. to fondle—also .—v.i. to potter, trifle.

Tiddlywink, tid′ly-wingk, n. (prov.) an unlicensed pawn-shop or beer-house.—n.pl. ', a parlour-game in which small discs of ivory, &c., are snapped from the level of the table into a cup in the centre of it—also '.

Tiddy, tid′i, n. (prov.) the European wren.

Tide, tīd, n. time: season: the regular flux and reflux or rhythmic ebb and flow of the sea: course: a tide, time, or season, a feast-day, festival, a certain time, a day of twelve hours: commotion: turning-point.—v.t. to drive with the stream.—v.i. to pour a tide or flood: to work in or out of a river or harbour with the tide.—adj. ', pertaining to tides: flowing and ebbing periodically.—ns. ', a gate through which the water flows into a basin or dock with the tide, and which is shut to keep it from flowing out again when the tide ebbs: a place where the tide runs with great velocity; ', an instrument for registering the state of the tide continuously.—adj. ', having no tides.—ns. ', a lock placed between an entrance-basin and a harbour, canal, or river, and furnished with double gates, so that vessels can pass either out or in at all times of the tide; ', a mill moved by tide-water: a mill for clearing lands of tide-water; ', ', an officer who waits the arrival of vessels, to secure the payment of the duties: one who watches public opinion before declaring his own; ', a table giving the time of high-tide at any place; ', the water of the portion of a river affected by the tide, the seaboard; ', the great wave which follows the apparent motion of the moon; ', the channel in which the tide sets; ' (see Neap); ' (see Spring).—Tide over, to surmount difficulties, for the time at least, by favourable accidents or by skill. [A.S. tíd; Dut. tijd, Ger. zeit.]

Tidings, tī′dingz, n.pl. news: intelligence. [Ice. tiðindi—tið, time; cf. Ger. zeit-ung, news, from zeit.]

Tidy, tī′di, adj. neat: in good order: fairly large: (coll.) comfortable.—n. a cover for chairs, &c.: a child's pinafore.—v.t. to make neat: to put in good order:—pa.t. and pa.p. —adv. ', in a tidy manner.—n. ', state or quality of being tidy: neatness.— (coll.) (see Titivate). [M. E. tidy, seasonable—tid, tide, time: Ger. zeitig.]

Tie, tī, v.t. to bind: to fasten with a cord: to unite: to constrain: (mus.) to unite notes with a tie: to score equally with: to bind with a ligature.—v.i. to make an exactly equal number of points with:—pr.p. pa.t. and pa.p. tied (tīd).—n. a knot, bow, &c.: a bond: something for tying: a necktie: a member fastening parts together, one of a set of timbers laid crosswise: an equality in numbers, as of votes, or of points in a game: (mus.) a curved line drawn over two or more notes on the same degree of the stave, signifying that the second note is not to be sounded separately, but is to sustain the first.—ns. ', a beam resting on the walls and stretching across, keeping the rafters fast; ', one who ties: a child's apron; ', a rod serving as a tie between two pieces; ', a court-wig tied with ribbon at the back.—Play off a tie, to take part in a final contest to decide a tie in a game. [M. E. teyen—teye, a band—A.S. teág, teáh, týge, a rope.]

Tier, tēr, n. a row or rank, especially when several rows are placed one above another. [Fr. tire—tirer, to draw.]

Tierce, tērs, n. a cask containing one-third of a pipe—that is, 42 gallons: a sequence of three cards of the same colour: (mus.) a third: a thrust, in fencing: (her.) a field tripartitely divided in three different tinctures: the third hour of the day, or the office of that hour, the terce.—ns. ' (archit.), in vaulting, a rib springing from the intersection of two other ribs; ', a stanza of three rhymed verses, a triplet. [O. Fr. tiers, tierce—L. tertia (pars), a third (part)—tres, three.]

Tiercel, tērs′el, n. a male hawk.—Also . [O. Fr. tiercelet—tiers, tierce, third.]

Tiers état, tyārz ā-tä′, n. the third estate of the realm, the common people in relation to political power. See Estate. [Fr.]

Tiff, tif, v.t. to sip, quaff.—n. a dram.

Tiff, tif, v.t. (obs.) to dress, trick out. [O. Fr. tiffer, atiffer, to adorn; of Teut. origin.]

Tiff, tif, v.i. to be in a pet—-n: a display of irritation, a pet, huff.—Also Tift. [Orig. a sniff. Norw. tev, a drawing in of the breath, teva, to sniff.]

Tiffany, tif′a-ni, n. a silk-like gauze.—adj. made of tiffany, transparent. [Tiff, to adorn.]

Tiffin, tif′in, n. the East Indian name for luncheon.—v.i. Tiff, to take lunch— is less correct. [From Prov. Eng. tiff, a draught of beer.]

Tig, tig, n. a game in which one tries to tag or touch another.

Tig, tig, n. an old four-handed drinking-cup.

Tige, tīzh, n. a stalk: the shaft of a column. [Fr.—L. tibia, a pipe.]

Tigellus, tij-el′us, n. the internode of a stem. [Fr.]

Tiger, tī′gėr, n. a fierce and rapacious feline quadruped, nearly as large as a lion: the jaguar: a servant in livery who rides with his master: a swaggering bully, a low ruffian: (U.S.) one more cheer after a round of cheers: a tiger-beetle:—fem. '.—ns. ', a cicindela; ', a wild-cat: the margay, ocelot, and serval; ', a Mexican plant cultivated in flower-gardens for its streaked flowers.—adjs. ' (Shak.), hastening to devour, fierce and rapacious; ', like a tiger in disposition.—ns. '; ', a species of lily with spotted flowers; ', any one of the Arctiidæ, whose larvæ are called woolly bears; ', a name given to the spotted hyena and to the Thylacine.—adj. , like a tiger. [Fr. tigre—L. tigris—Gr. tigris—Zend. tighri, an arrow, whence the river Tigris.]

Tight, tīt, adj. close: compact: rigid: hampered from want of money: snug, trim: not leaky: fitting closely, also too closely: scarce, not easily obtainable: (coll.) unwilling to part with money: tipsy: not loose or free in treatment.—v.t. ', to make tight or tighter: to straiten.—v.i. to grow tight or tighter.—n. ', one who, or that which, tightens: (anat.) a tensor: (slang) a heavy meal.—adv. '.—ns. '; , a tightly-stretched rope on which rope-dancers perform.—n.pl. Tights, a garment often of silk, closely fitting the body, or at least the legs, worn by acrobats, dancers, &c. [Scand., Ice. þéitr; cf. Dan. tæt, Dut. digt, Ger. dicht.]

Tight, tīt (Spens.), pa.t. and pa.p. of tie.

Tike, tīk, n. (Shak.) a dog, a cur, a boor: an uncouth fellow: a Yorkshireman. [Ice. tík, a bitch.]

Tilbury, til′ber-i, n. a kind of gig for two. [Said to be so named from its first maker.]

Tilde, til′dē, n. the diacritical sign over n in Spanish—thus ñ. [Sp.,—L. titulus, a title.]

Tile, tīl, n. a piece of baked clay used for covering roofs, floors, &c.: a tube or pipe of baked clay used in drains: (slang) a tall cylindrical silk hat.—v.t. to cover with tiles: to drain by means of tiles: to secure against the intrusion of unauthorised persons by placing a person at the door of a lodge or close meeting.—ns. ', one who makes or who lays tiles: the keeper of the door in a Freemasons' lodge—also '; ', a brownish-red, the colour of baked tiles; ', a place where tiles are made; ', a tile: (pl., geol.) the uppermost group of the Silurian period, consisting of a reddish, thin-bedded, slightly micaceous sandstone; ', a roof of tiles: tiles in general.—Dutch tiles, enamelled earthenware tiles, usually blue, with scriptural subjects, for chimney pieces, &c. [A.S. tigele—L. tegula—tegĕre, to cover.]

Tiliaceæ, til-i-ā′se-ē, n.pl. a natural order of exogenous trees and shrubs, mostly native to the tropics—the linden family. [L. tilia, a lime-tree.]

Tilka, til′ka, n. the caste-mark on the forehead of Hindus. [Sans.]

Till, til, n. a money-box or drawer in a desk, counter, or trunk. [M. E. tillen, to draw out—A.S. tyllan, in for-tyllan, to draw aside.]

Till, til, prep. to the time of.—adv. to the time when: to the degree that. [Old Northumbrian til—Scand., Ice. til.]

Till, til, v.t. to cultivate.—adj. ', arable.—ns. ', act or practice of tilling: husbandry: a place tilled; '; '. [A.S. tilian, to till—til, good, a limit; Ger. zielen, to arrange.]

Till, til, n. the usual name in Scotland for Boulder-clay, a widely-distributed stony clay, usually tough and hard, unquestionably the result of glaciation, probably being merely the bottom-moraine or ground-moraine of extinct glaciers.

Tillandsia, ti-land′zi-a, n. a genus of mainly epiphytic plants of the pine-apple family (Bromeliaceæ). [From the Swedish botanist, Tillands.]