Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary 1908/Embank Entomology

Embank, em-bangk′, v.t. to enclose or defend with a bank or dike.—n. , the act of embanking: a bank or mound made to keep water within certain limits: a mound constructed so as to carry a level road or railway over a low-lying place. [Coined from em, in, and bank.]

Embar, em-bär′, v.t. to shut in; to hinder or stop:—pr.p. pa.p. —n. .

Embarcation. Same as Embarkation.

Embargo, em-bär′gō, n. a temporary order from the Admiralty to prevent the arrival or departure of ships: a stoppage of trade for a short time by authority:—pl. .—v.t. to lay an embargo on: to seize.—pr.p. pa.p.  [Sp.,—embargar, to impede, to restrain—Sp. em, in, barra, a bar. See Barricade and Embarrass.]

Embark, em-bärk′, v.t. to put on board ship: to engage in any affair.—v.i. to go on board ship: to engage in a business: to enlist.—n. ', a putting or going on board: that which is embarked: (obs.) a vessel.—p.adjs. '; '.—n. '. [Fr. embarquer, from em, in, barque, a bark.]

Embarrass, em-bar′as, v.t. to encumber: to involve in difficulty, esp. in money matters: to perplex.—p.adj. ', perplexed: constrained.—n. ', perplexity or confusion: difficulties in money matters.—Embarras des richesses, a superabundance of materials, an abundance so great that choice is difficult. [Fr. embarrasser—em, in, barre, bar.]

Embase, em-bāz′, v.t. (obs.) to bring down: to degrade.—p.adj. '.—n. '. [Em and base.]

Embassy, em′bas-i, n. the charge or function of an ambassador: the person or persons sent on an undertaking.—ns. ', ' (same as Ambassage);  (same as Ambassador).

Embathe, em-bāth′ v.t. to bathe.

Embattle, em-bat′l, v.t. to furnish with battlements.—p.adj. ', furnished with battlements: (her.) having the outline like a battlement.—n. ' (same as Battlement). [Em, and O. Fr. bastiller, from the same root as battlement, bastille, and baste, to sew. The form of this word is due to a confusion with Eng. battle.]

Embattle, em-bat′l, v.t. to range in order of battle: to arm—p.adj. , arranged for battle. [O. Fr. embataillier—en, in, bataille, battle.]

Embay, em-bā′, v.t. to enclose in a bay: to land-lock.—n. , a bay. [Em, in, into, and bay.]

Embay, em-bā′, v.t. (Spens.) to bathe. [Em, in, and Fr. baigner. See Bagnio.]

Embed, em-bed′, Imbed, im-, v.t. to place in a mass of matter: to lay, as in a bed.—n. , the act of embedding: state of being embedded.

Embellish, em-bel′ish, v.t. to make beautiful with ornaments: to decorate: to make graceful: to illustrate pictorially, as a book.—n. '.—adv. '.—n. , act of embellishing or adorning: decoration: ornament. [Fr. embellir, embellissant—em, in, bel, beau, beautiful.]

Ember, em′bėr, n. a live piece of coal or wood: chiefly in pl. red-hot ashes: smouldering remains of a fire. [A.S. ǽmerge; Ice. eimyrja. The b is simply euphonic.]

Ember-days, em′bėr-dāz, n.pl. the three Fast-days in each quarter (Wednesday, Friday, Saturday)—following the first Sunday in Lent, Whitsunday, Holy Cross Day (Sept. 14th), and St Lucia's Day (Dec. 13th).—n. , the week in which the ember-days occur. [A.S. ymbryne, a circuit—ymb, round (Ger. um, L. ambi-), and ryne, a running, from rinnan, to run.]

Ember-goose, em′bėr-gōōs, n. a kind of sea-fowl, the Great Northern Diver. [Norw. emmer; Ger. imber.]

Embezzle, em-bez′l, v.t. to appropriate fraudulently what has been entrusted.—ns. ', fraudulent appropriation of another's property by the person to whom it was entrusted; '. [Perh. from root of imbecile, the primary sense being to weaken: (obs.) , to squander, from O. Fr. besiler, to destroy, is the same word.]

Embitter, em-bit′ėr, Imbitter, im-, v.t. to make bitter: to increase (ill-feeling).—p.adj. ', soured.—n. '.—p.adj. '.—n. '.

Emblazon, em-blā′zn, v.t. to deck in blazing colours: (her.) to blazon or adorn with figures: to depict heraldically.—v.t. ', to illuminate.—ns. '; ', an emblazoning; ', the art of emblazoning or adorning: devices on shields. [Em, and blaze, blazon.]

Emblem, em′blem, n. a picture representing to the mind something different from itself: a type or symbol: (Milton) an inlaid ornament.—v.t. to symbolise.—n. ', an inlaid ornament:—pl. '.—adjs. ', ', pertaining to or containing emblems: symbolical: representing.—adv. '.—v.t. ', ', to represent by an emblem:—pr.p. pa.p. —n. ', a writer or inventor of emblems. [L. emblēma—Gr. em (=en), in, ballein, to cast.]

Emblements, em′bl-ments, n.pl. crops raised by the labour of the cultivator, but not fruits nor grass. [O. Fr. emblaer, to sow with corn—Low L. imbladāre—in, in, bladum, wheat.]

Embloom, em-blōōm′, v.t. to cover with bloom.

Emblossom, em-blos′om, v.t. to cover with blossom.

Embody, em-bod′i, Imbody, im-, v.t. to form into a body: to make corporeal: to make tangible: to express (an idea in words): to organise.—v.i. to unite in a body or mass.—p.adj. '.—n. ', act of embodying: state of being embodied: that in which something is embodied. [Em, in, and body.]

Embogue, em-bōg′, v.i. to discharge itself.

Emboil, em-boil′, v.i. (Spens.) to burn with anger.—v.t. to cause to burn with anger: to irritate.

Embolden, em-bōld′n, Imbolden, im-, v.t. to make bold or courageous. [Em, to make, and bold.]

Embolism, em′bo-lizm, n. the insertion of days in an account of time to produce regularity: an intercalated prayer for deliverance from evil coming after the Lord's Prayer: (med.) the presence of obstructing clots in the blood-vessels.—adjs. ', '.—n. , the clot of fibrin obstructing a blood-vessel, causing embolism. [Fr.,—Gr. embolismos—emballein, to cast in.]

Embonpoint, ang-bong-pwang′, adj. stout, plump, full in figure, mostly of women: well-fed.—n. stoutness, plumpness, well-fed condition. [Fr.,—en bon point, in good form.]

Emborder, em-bord′ėr, v.t. (Milton) to border.

Emboscata, em-bos-kā′ta, n. an erroneous form of It. imboscáta, an ambuscade.

Embosom, em-booz′um, Imbosom, im-, v.t. to take into the bosom: to receive into the affections: to enclose or surround. [Em, in, into, and bosom.]

Emboss, em-bos′, v.t. to produce (a raised pattern) by pressure upon sheet-metal, leather, cloth, &c.: to ornament with raised-work: (Spens.) to cover with armour: to be wrapped in.—p.adj. ', formed or covered with bosses: raised, standing out in relief: (bot.) having a protuberance in the centre.—ns. '; , a prominence like a boss: raised-work. [Em, in, into, and boss.]

Emboss, em-bos′, v.i. (Milton) to plunge into the depths of a wood.—v.t. to make to foam at the mouth. [O. Fr. embosquer, em—L. in, in, bosc, a wood. See Ambush.]

Embouchure, ang-boo-shür′, n. the mouth of a river: the mouth-hole of a wind musical instrument. [Fr.,—em-boucher, to put to the mouth—en, in, bouche, a mouth.]

Embound, em-bownd′, v.t. (Shak.) to bound, enclose.

Embow, em-bō′, v.t. and v.i. to bow or arch.—p.adj. , arched, vaulted: bent like a bow: the heraldic term noting anything bent like a bow—as, e.g., the arm of a man. [Em and bow.]

Embowel, em-bow′el, v.t. properly, to enclose in something else; but also used for disembowel, to remove the entrails from:—pr.p. pa.p. —n. . [Em, in, into, and bowel.]

Embower, em-bow′er, Imbower, im-, v.t. to place in a bower: to shelter, as with trees.—p.adjs. '; '.—n. . [Em, in, and bower.]

Embox, em-boks′, v.t. to set in a box. [Em, in, box.]

Embrace, em-brās′, v.t. to take in the arms: to press to the bosom with affection: to take eagerly or willingly: to comprise: to admit, adopt, or receive.—v.i. to join in an embrace.—n. an embracing: fond pressure in the arms.—ns. '; '.—adjs. ', '.—adv. '.—n. '. [O. Fr. embracer (Fr. embrasser)—L. in, in, into, bracchium, an arm. See Brace.]

Embrace, em-brās′, v.t. (Spens.) to brace, to fasten, or bind:—pr.p. pa.p.  [Em, in, and brace.]

Embracer, em-brā′ser, n. (law) one who influences jurors by corrupt means to deliver a partial verdict—also ', '.—n. , the offence of an embracer. [O. Fr. embraceor, from embraser, to set on fire.]

Embraid, em-brād′, v.t. (Spens.) to braid.

Embranchment, em-bransh′ment, n. a branching off, as an arm of a river, a spur of a mountain, &c. [Fr.]

Embrangle, em-brang′gl, Imbrangle, im-, v.t. to confuse, perplex.—n. . [Em, in, and brangle.]

Embrasure (Shak.)=Embracement.

Embrasure, em-brā′zhūr, n. a door or window with the sides slanted on the inside: an opening in a wall for cannon. [Fr.,—O. Fr. embraser, to slope the sides of a window, em—L. in, braser, to skew.]

Embrave, em-brāv′, v.t. (Spens.) to make brave or showy, to decorate: to inspire with bravery.

Embread, v.t. (Spens.) embraid.

Embreathe, em-brēth′, v.t. to breathe into, to inspire with. [En and breathe.]

Embrocate, em′brō-kāt, v.t. to moisten and rub, as a sore with a lotion.—n. , act of embrocating: the lotion used. [Low L. embrocāre, -ātum, from Gr. embrochē, a lotion—embrechein, to soak in—em (=en), in, into, brechein, to wet.]

Embroglio=Imbroglio.

Embroider, em-broid′ėr, v.t. to ornament with designs in needlework, originally on the border.—ns. '; ', the art of producing ornamental patterns by means of needlework on textile fabrics, &c.: ornamental needlework: variegation or diversity: artificial ornaments. [M. E. embrouderie—O. Fr. embroder, em, and broder, prob. Celt., acc. to Skeat. Bret. brouda, to pierce; confused with Fr. border, to border.]

Embroil, em-broil′, v.t. to involve in a broil, or in perplexity (with): to entangle: to distract: to throw into confusion.—n. , a state of perplexity or confusion: disturbance. [Fr. embrouiller—em, in, brouiller, to break out.]

Embronze, em-bronz′, v.t. to form in bronze.

Embrown, em-brown′, Imbrown, im-, v.t. to make brown: to darken, obscure.—p.adj. .

Embrue, em-brōō′, v.t. Same as Imbrue.

Embryo, em′bri-ō, Embryon, em′bri-on, n. the young of an animal in its earliest stages of development: the part of a seed which forms the future plant: the beginning of anything:—pl. ', '.—ns. ', destruction of the fetus in the uterus; ', the formation and development of the embryo; ', description of the embryo.—adjs. ', ', of or pertaining to embryology.—ns. '; ', science of the embryo or fetus of animals.—adjs. ', ', in the state of an embryo; ', ', of or relating to anything in an imperfect state: rudimentary.—ns. ', the division of a fetus to effect delivery; , forcible extraction of a fetus. [Low L.,—Gr. embryon—em (=en), in, bryein, to swell.]

Eme, ēm, n. (obs.) an uncle. [A.S. éam; Dut. oom.]

Emend, e-mend′, v.t. to remove faults or blemishes from: to correct or improve.—adj. ', that may be emended.—n.pl. ', funds set apart for repairs in the accounts of the Inner Temple.—v.t. ', to correct errors.—ns. ', removal of an error or fault: correction; ', a corrector of errors in writings: one who corrects or improves.—adj. ', mending or contributing to correction. [L. emendāre, -ātum—e, out, menda, a fault.]

Emerald, em′ėr-ald, n. a very highly esteemed mineral of the same species with the beryl, from which it differs in scarcely anything but its colour, a beautiful velvety green.—n.  (see Dioptase).—Emerald Isle, a name for Ireland, owing to its greenness; Emerald type (print.), a small size of type. [O. Fr. esmeralde—L. smaragdus—Gr. smaragdos.]

Emerge, e-mėrj′, v.i. to rise out of: to issue or come forth: to reappear after being concealed: to come into view: to result.—ns. ', ', act of emerging: sudden appearance: an unexpected occurrence: pressing necessity; ', a man provided for any special service, esp. in Irish evictions, and in saving the crops and other property of men boycotted.—adj. ', emerging: suddenly appearing: arising unexpectedly: urgent.—adv. '.—n. ', act of emerging: (astron.) the reappearance of a heavenly body after being eclipsed by another or by the sun's brightness. [L. emergĕre, emersum—e, out of, mergĕre, to plunge.]

Emeritus, e-mer′i-tus, adj. honourably discharged from the performance of public duty, esp. noting a retired professor.—n. one who has been honourably discharged from public duties:—pl. . [L. emeritus, having served one's time—emerēri, to deserve, do one's duty—e, sig. completeness, and merēre, to deserve.]

Emerods, em′e-rodz, n.pl. (B.) now Hemorrhoids.

Emery, em′ėr-i, n. a very hard mineral, a variety of corundum, used as powder for polishing, &c.—v.t. to rub or coat with emery.—ns. ', paper covered with emery-powder for polishing; ', ground emery; , a wheel coated with emery for polishing. [O. Fr. esmeril, emeril—Low L. smericulum—Gr. smēris—smaein, to rub.]

Emetic, e-met′ik, adj. causing vomiting.—n. a medicine that causes vomiting.—n. ', vomiting.—adj. '.—adv. '.—n. ', the alkaloid forming the active principle of ipecacuanha-root, violently emetic.—adj. ', producing both vomiting and purging.—n. ', the study of emesis and emetics, [Through L., from Gr. emetikos—emeein, to vomit.]

Emeu. See Emu.

Émeute, em-üt′, n. a popular rising or uproar. [Fr.]

Emicant, em′i-kant, adj. beaming forth.—n. .

Emiction, e-mik′shun, n. the discharging of urine: urine.—adj. , promoting the flow of urine. [L. emingĕre, emictum—e, out, mingĕre, to make water.]

Emigrate, em′i-grāt, v.i. and v.t. to remove from one country to another as a place of abode.—adj. ', emigrating or having emigrated.—n. one who emigrates.—n. '.—adj. '.—n. ', an advocate or promoter of emigration.—adj. .—n. Emigré (ā-mē-grā), a royalist who quitted France during the Revolution. [L. emigrāre, -ātum—e, from, migrāre, to remove.]

Eminent, em′i-nent, adj. rising above others: conspicuous: distinguished: exalted in rank or office.—ns. ', ', a part eminent or rising above the rest: a rising ground: height: distinction: a title of honour: homage: a title given in 1631 to cardinals, till then styled Most Illustrious.—adj. '.—adv. '.—Eminent domain (dominium eminens), the right by which the supreme authority in a state may compel a proprietor to part with what is his own for the public use. [L. eminens, -entis, pr.p. of eminēre—e, out, minēre, to project.]

Emir, em-ēr′, or ē′mir, n. a title given in the East and in the north of Africa to all independent chieftains, and also to all the supposed descendants of Mohammed through his daughter Fatima.—n. , the office of an emir. [Ar. amīr, ruler.]

Emit, e-mit′, v.t. to send out: to throw or give out: in issue: to utter (a declaration):—pr.p. pa.p. —n. ', one sent out on a secret mission: a spy: an underground channel by which the water of a lake escapes.—adj. that is sent forth.—n. ', the act of emitting: that which is issued at one time.—adjs. ', ', emitting, sending out.—Emission theory, the theory that all luminous bodies emit with equal velocities a number of elastic corpuscles, which travel in straight lines, are reflected, and are refracted. [L. emittĕre, emissum—e, out of, mittĕre, to send.]

Emmanuel, em-an′ū-el, Immanuel, im-, n. the symbolical name of the child announced by Isaiah (Isa. vii. 14), and applied to the Messiah (Matt. i. 23). [Heb.,—im, with, anu, us, el, God.]

Emmarble, em-mär′bl, v.t. to turn to marble, to petrify. [Em and marble.]

Emmenagogues, em-en′a-gogz, n.pl. medicines intended to restore, or to bring on for the first time, the menses.—adj. ' —n. ', knowledge about menstruation. [Gr. emmēna, menses, agōgos, drawing forth.]

Emmet, em′et, n. (prov.) the ant. [A.S. ǽmete.]

Emmetropia, em-e-trō′pi-a, n. the normal condition of the refractive media of the eye.—adj. . [Gr., en, in, metron, measure, ōps, the eye.]

Emmew, e-mū′, v.t. to confine.—Also .

Emmove, em-mōōv′, v.t. (Spens.) to move, to excite.

Emmollient, e-mol′yent, adj. softening: making supple.—n. (med.) a substance used to soften the textures to which they are applied, as poultices, fomentations, &c.—n. ', incipient fusion.—v.t. ', to soften: to render effeminate.—n. , the act of softening or relaxing. [L. emollīre, emollitum—e, inten., mollīre, to soften—mollis, soft.]

Emolument, e-mol′ū-ment, n. advantage: profit arising from employment, as salary or fees.—adj. . [L. emolimentum—emolīri, to work out—e, sig. completeness, molīre, to toil.]

Emong, e-mung′, prep. (obs.) among.—Also .

Emotion, e-mō′shun, n. a moving of the feelings: agitation of mind: (phil.) one of the three groups of the phenomena of the mind.—adj. '.—n. ', tendency to emotional excitement, the habit of working on the emotions, the indulgence of superficial emotion.—adv. '.—adjs. '; , pertaining to the emotions. [L. emotion-em—emovēre, emōtum, to stir up—e, forth, movēre, to move.]

Emp-. For words not found under this, see Imp-.

Empæstic, em-pē′stik, adj. pertaining to the art of embossing, stamped. [Gr. empaiein, to emboss.]

Empacket, em-pak′et, v.t. (Scot.) to pack up.

Empair, em-pār′, v.t. (Spens.) to impair.

Empanel, em-pan′el, Impanel, im-, v.t. to enter the names of a jury on a panel.—n. .

Empanoply, em-pan′ō-pli, v.t. to invest in full armour.

Empatron, em-pā′trun, v.t. (Shak.) to patronise.

Empeople, em-pē′pl, v.t. (obs.) to fill with people: to form into a people or community.

Emperish, em-per′ish, v.t. (obs.) to impair.

Emperor, em′pėr-or, n. the head of the Roman Empire: the highest title of sovereignty:—fem. '.—ns. ', except the Death's-head, the largest British moth, its expanse of wings being about three inches; '; ', empire, power. [O. Fr. emperere—L. imperator (fem. imperatrix)—imperāre, to command.]

Emphasis, em′fa-sis, n. stress of the voice on particular words or syllables to make the meaning clear: impressiveness of expression or weight of thought: intensity:—pl. ' (-sēz).—v.t. ', to make emphatic.—adjs. ', ', uttered with or requiring emphasis: forcible: impressive.—adv. '.—n. '. [L.,—Gr.,—em (=en), in, into, and phasis—phaein, phainein, to show.]

Emphlysis, em′fli-sis, n. a vesicular tumour. [Gr., en, in, phlysis—phlyein, to break out.]

Emphractic, em-frak′tik, adj. stopping the pores of the skin.—n. a substance with this property. [Gr., en, in, phrassein, to stop.]

Emphysema, em-fis-ē′ma, n. (med.) an unnatural distention of a part with air.—adj. . [Gr.,—emphysaein, to inflate.]

Emphyteusis, em-fit-ū′sis, n. in Roman law, a perpetual right in a piece of land, for which a yearly sum was paid to the proprietor.—adj. . [L.,—Gr.,—emphyteuein, to implant.]

Empierce, em-pērs′, v.t. (Spens.) to pierce.

Empight, em-pīt′, p.adj. (Spens.) fixed. [Em and pitch.]

Empire, em′pīr, n. supreme control or dominion: the territory under the dominion of an emperor. [Fr.,—L. imperium—imperāre, to command.]

Empiric, -al, em-pir′ik, -al, adj. resting on trial or experiment: known only by experience.—n. ', one who makes trials or experiments: one whose knowledge is got from experience only: a quack.—adv. '.—ns. ' (phil.) the system which, rejecting all a priori knowledge, rests solely on experience and induction: dependence of a physician on his experience alone without a regular medical education: the practice of medicine without a regular education: quackery: ', one who practises empiricism.—adj.  (Shak.), empirical. [Fr.,—L. empiricus—Gr. empeirikos—em, in, peira, a trial.]

Emplacement, em-plās′ment, n. the act of placing: (mil.) a platform placed for guns.

Emplaster, em-plas′tėr, n. and v. same as Plaster.—adj. , glutinous: adhesive.—n. a medicine causing constipation.

Emplecton, em-plek′ton, n. masonry in which the outsides of the walls are ashlar and the insides filled up with rubbish.—Also . [Gr.]

Employ, em-ploy′, v.t. to occupy the time or attention of: to use as a means or agent: to give work to.—n. a poetical form of employment.—adj. ', that may be employed.—ns. ', one who is employed:—fem. '; ', a person employed; '; ', act of employing: that which engages or occupies: occupation. [Fr. employer—L. implicāre, to infold—in, in, and plicāre, to fold. Imply and implicate are parallel forms.]

Emplume, em-plōōm′, v.t. to furnish with a plume.

Empoison, em-poi′zn, v.t. to put poison in: to poison.—p.adj. '.—n. '.

Emporium, em-pō′ri-um, n. a place to which goods are brought from various parts for sale: a shop: a great mart:—pl. . [L.,—Gr. emporion—emporos, a trader, em (=en), in, poros, a way.]

Empoverish, em-pov′ėr-ish, v.t. See Impoverish.

Empower, em-pow′ėr, v.t. to authorise.

Empress. See Emperor.

Empressement, ang-pres′mang, n. cordiality. [Fr.]

Emprise, em-prīz′, n. (Spens.) an enterprise: a hazardous undertaking. [O. Fr. emprise—L. in, in, prehendĕre, to take.]

Emption, emp′shun, n. act of buying, purchase.—adj. . [L. emĕre, to buy.]

Empty, emp′ti, adj. having nothing in it: unfurnished: without effect: unsatisfactory: wanting substance: foolish.—v.t. to make empty: to deprive of contents.—v.i. to become empty: to discharge its contents:—pa.p. —n. an empty vessel, box, sack, &c.:—pl. '.—ns. ': ', state of being empty: want of substance: unsatisfactoriness: inanity.—adj. ', carrying nothing, esp. of a gift.—n. .—Come away empty, to come away without having received anything. [A.S. ǽmetig—ǽmetta, leisure, rest. The p is excrescent.]

Emptysis, emp′ti-sis, n. hemorrhage from the lungs.

Empurple, em-pur′pl, v.t. to dye or tinge purple.

Empusa, em-pū′za, n. a goblin or spectre sent by Hecate.—Also . [Gr. empousa.]

Empyema, em-pi-ē′ma, n. a collection of pus in the pleura. [Gr.,—em (=en), in, and pyon, pus.]

Empyesis, em-pi-ē′sis, n. pustulous eruption. [Gr.]

Empyreal, em-pir′ē-al, or em-pir-ē′al, adj. formed of pure fire or light: pertaining to the highest and purest region of heaven: sublime.—adj. Empyrean or  empyreal.—n. the highest heaven, where the pure element of fire was supposed by the ancients to subsist: the heavens. [Coined from Gr. empyros, fiery—em (=en), in, and, pyr, fire.]

Empyreuma, em-pir-ū′ma, n. the burned smell and acrid taste which result when vegetable or animal substances are burned:—pl. '.—adjs. ', '.—v.t. '. [Gr.,—empyreuein, to kindle.]

Emrods (obs.), for Emerods.

Emu, Emeu, ē′mū, n. a genus of running birds or Ratitæ in the cassowary family, belonging to Australia.—n. , a small Australian bird of genus Stipiturus. [Port. ema, an ostrich.]

Emulate, em′ū-lāt, v.t. to strive to equal or excel: to imitate, with a view to equal or excel: to rival.—adj. (Shak.) ambitious.—n. ', act of emulating or attempting to equal or excel: rivalry: competition: contest: (obs.) jealous rivalry.—adj. ', inclined to emulation, rivalry, or competition.—n. ':—fem. '.—adj. ', arising from or expressing emulation.—v.t. ' (obs), to emulate.—adj. ', eager to emulate: desirous of like excellence with another: engaged in competition or rivalry.—adv. '—n. . [L. æmulāri, æmulātus—æmulus, striving with.]

Emulgent, e-mul′jent, adj. milking or draining out, chiefly referring to the action of the kidneys. [L. emulgens, -entis, pr.p. of emulgēre, to milk.]

Emulsion, e-mul′shun, n. a milky liquid prepared by mixing oil and water by means of another substance that combines with both.—adj. ', pertaining to emulsion.—v.t. '.—n. ', a peculiar ferment present in the bitter and sweet almond, which forms a constituent of all almond emulsions.—adj. '. [Fr.,—L. emulgēre, emulsum, to milk out—e, out, and mulgēre, to milk.]

Emunctory, e-mungk′tor-i, n. an organ of the body that carries off waste: an excretory duct.—v.t. , to clean. [L. emungĕre, emunctum, to blow the nose, to cleanse.]

Emure, a variant of immure.

Emys, em′is, n. a genus of marsh tortoises, found in South and Middle Europe, North Africa, and South-west Asia. [Gr. emys.]

Enable, en-ā′bl, v.t. to make able: to give power, strength, or authority to.

Enact, en-akt′, v.t. to perform: to act the part of: to establish by law.—n. (Shak.) that which is enacted.—adjs. ', ', that enacts.—ns. ', the passing of a bill into law: that which is enacted: a law; ', one who practises or performs anything: one who forms decrees or establishes laws;  (Shak.), action.

Enallage, en-al′a-jē, n. (gram.) the exchange of one case, mood, or tense for another. [Gr.,—en, and allassein, to change.]

Enamel, en-am′el, n. the name given to vitrified substances applied chiefly to the surface of metals: any smooth hard coating, esp. that of the teeth: anything enamelled.—v.t. to coat with or paint in enamel: to form a glossy surface upon, like enamel:—pr.p. pa.p. —adj. '.—ns. ', '; '. [O. Fr. enameler—en, in, esmail, enamel. Cf. Eng. Smelt, Melt.]

Enamour, en-am′ur, v.t. to inflame with love: to charm.—p.adjs. '; '.—Be enamoured (with of, with), to be in love. [O. Fr. enamourer—en, to make, amour—L. amor, love.]

Enanthesis, en-an-thē′sis, n. an eruption on the skin from internal disease. [Gr.]

Enantiopathy, en-an-ti-op′a-thi, n. a synonym of allopathy. [Gr. enantios, opposite, pathos, suffering.]

Enantiosis, e-nan-ti-ō′sis, n. (rhet.) the expression of an idea by negation of its contrary, as 'he is no fool'='he is wise.' [Gr.]

Enarched, en-ärcht′, adj. (her.) arched, like an arch.

Enarching, a variant of inarching.

Enarmed, en-ärmed′, adj. (her.) having horns, hoofs, &c. of a different colour from the body.

Enarration, ē-na-rā′shun, n. narration.

Enarthrosis, en-ar-thrō′sis, n. (anat.) a joint of 'ball-and-socket' form, allowing motion in all directions.—adj. . [Gr.,—en, in, and arthroein, arthrōsein, to fasten by a joint—arthron, a joint.]

Enate, ē′nāt, adj. growing out.

Enaunter, en-än′tėr, conj. (obs.) lest by chance. [Contr. from in adventure.]

Encænia, en-sē′ni-a, n. the annual commemoration of founders and benefactors at Oxford, held in June.—Also . [L.,—Gr. egkainia, a feast of dedication—en, in, kainos, new.]

Encage, en-kāj′, v.t. to shut up in a cage.

Encamp, en-kamp′, v.t. to form into a camp.—v.i. to pitch tents: to halt on a march.—n. , the act of encamping: the place where an army or company is encamped: a camp.

Encanthis, en-kan′this, n. a small tumour of the inner angle of the eye. [Gr.]

Encarnalise, en-kär′nal-īz, v.t. to embody: to make carnal.

Encarpus, en-kar′pus, n. a festoon ornamenting a frieze. [Gr.]

Encase, en-kās′, Incase, in-, v.t. to enclose in a case: to surround, cover.—n. , the enclosing substance: a covering.

Encashment, en-kash′ment, n. payment in cash of a note, draft, &c.

Encaustic, en-kaws′tik, adj. having the colours burned in.—n. an ancient method of painting in melted wax.—Encaustic tile, a decorative glazed and fired tile, having patterns of different coloured clays inlaid in it and burnt with it. [Fr.,—Gr.,—egkaiein, egkausein—en, in, kaiein, to burn.]

Encave, en-kāv′, v.t. to hide in a cave.

Enceinte, äng-sangt′, n. (fort.) an enclosure, generally the whole area of a fortified place. [Fr.,—enceindre, to surround—L. in, in, cingĕre, cinctum, to gird.]

Enceinte, äng-sangt′, adj. pregnant, with child. [Fr.,—L. incincta, girt about.]

Encephalon, en-sef′al-on, n. the brain.—adj. ', belonging to the head or brain.—ns. ', inflammation of the brain; ', a protrusion of portion of the brain through the skull, where the bones are incomplete in infancy.—adj. ', resembling the matter of the brain.—n. ', dissection of the brain.—adj. ', cephalous. [Gr.,—en, in, kephalē, the head.]

Enchafe, en-chāf′, v.t. (obs.) to make warm.

Enchain, en-chān′, v.t. to put in chains: to hold fast: to link together.—n.  [Fr. enchainer—en, and chaîne, a chain—L. catena.]

Enchant, en-chant′, v.t. to act on by songs or rhymed formulas of sorcery: to charm: to delight in a high degree.—p.adj. ', under the power of enchantment: delighted: possessed by witches or spirits.—n. ', one who enchants: a sorcerer or magician: one who charms or delights:—fem. '.—adv. ', with the force of enchantment: in a manner to charm or delight.—n. , act of enchanting: use of magic arts: that which enchants. [Fr. enchanter—L. incantāre, to sing a magic formula over—in, on, cantāre, to sing.]

Encharge, en-chärj′, v.t. to enjoin: to entrust. [O. Fr. encharger. See Charge.]

Enchase, en-chās′, v.t. to fix in a border: to set with jewels: to engrave: to adorn with raised or embossed work.—p.adj. . [Fr. enchâsser—en, in, châssis, caisse, a case—L. capsa, a case. See Chase, n. Chase, v.t., is a contraction.]

Encheason, en-chē′zn, n. (Spens.) reason, cause, occasion. [O. Fr. encheson, encheoir, to fall in; influenced by L. occasio, occasion.]

Encheer, en-chēr′, v.t. to cheer, comfort.

Enchiridion, en-ki-rid′i-on, n. a book to be carried in the hand for reference: a manual. [Gr. encheiridion—en, in, and cheir, the hand.]

Enchondroma, en-kon-drō′ma, n. (path.) an abnormal cartilaginous growth. [Formed from Gr. en, in, chondros, cartilage.]

Enchorial, en-kō′ri-al, adj. belonging to or used in a country: used by the people, noting esp. the written characters used by the common people in Egypt as opposed to the hieroglyphics.—Also . [Gr. enchōrios—en, in, and chōra, a place, country.]

Enchymatous, en-kim′a-tus, adj. infused, distended by infusion.

Encincture, en-singk′tūr, v.t. to surround with a girdle.—n. an enclosure.

Encircle, en-sėrk′l, v.t. to enclose in a circle: to embrace: to pass round.—n. .

Enclasp, en-klasp′, v.t. to clasp.

Enclave, en-klāv′, or äng-klāv′, n. a territory entirely enclosed within the territories of another power.—v.t. to surround in this way. [Fr.,—Late L. inclavāre—L. in, and clavis, a key.]

Enclitic, en-klit′ik, adj. that inclines or leans upon.—n. (gram.) a word or particle which always follows another word, so united with it as to seem a part of it.—n. '.—adv. '. [Gr. engklitikos—en, in, klinein, to bend.]

Encloister, en-klois′tėr, v.t. to immure.

Enclose, en-klōz′, Inclose, in-, v.t. to close or shut in: to confine: to surround: to put in a case, as a letter in an envelope, &c.: to fence, esp. used of waste land.—ns. '; ', the act of enclosing: state of being enclosed: that which is enclosed: a space fenced off: that which encloses: a barrier. [Fr.,—L. includĕre, inclusum—in, in, claudĕre, to shut.]

Enclothe, en-klōth′, v.t. to clothe.

Encloud, en-klowd′, v.t. to cover with clouds.

Encolour, en-kul′ur, v.t. to colour, tinge.

Encolpion, en-kol′pi-on, n. an amulet: a Greek pectoral cross.—Also . [Gr.]

Encolure, engk-ol-ūr′, n. (Browning) a horse's mane.

Encomium, en-kō′mi-um, n. high commendation: a eulogy:—pl. '.—n. ', one who utters or writes encomiums: a praiser.—adjs. ', ', bestowing praise.—adv. . [L.,—Gr. egkōmion, a song of praise—en, in, kōmos, festivity.]

Encompass, en-kum′pas, v.t. to surround or enclose: (obs.) to go round.—n. .

Encore, äng-kōr′, adv. again: once more.—n. a call for the repetition of a song, &c.: the repetition of a song, &c.—v.t. to call for a repetition of. [Fr. (It. ancora)—perh. from L. (in) hanc horam, till this hour, hence=still.]

Encounter, en-kown′ter, v.t. to meet face to face, esp. unexpectedly: to meet in contest: to oppose.—n. a meeting unexpectedly: an interview: a fight: (Shak.) behaviour. [O. Fr. encontrer—L. in, in, contra, against.]

Encourage, en-kur′āj, v.t. to put courage in: to inspire with spirit or hope: to incite: to patronise: to cherish.—ns. ', act of encouraging: that which encourages; ',—p.adj. ', giving ground to hope for success.—adv. '. [O. Fr. encoragier (Fr. encourager)—en, to make, corage, courage.]

Encradle, en-krā′dl, v.t. (Spens.) to lay in a cradle.

Encratite, en′kra-tīt, n. one of a heretical sect in the early church, who abstained from marriage, and from flesh and wine.—n. . [Formed from Gr. egkratēs, continent—en, in, kratos, strength.]

Encrease, obsolete form of increase.

Encrimson, en-krim′zn, v.t. to tinge with a crimson colour.—p.adj. .

Encrinite, en′kri-nīt, n. a common fossil crinoid, found thick in limestone and marble—called also Stone-lily.—adjs. ', ', ', ', relating to or containing encrinites. [Formed from Gr. en, in, krinon, a lily.]

Encroach, en-krōch′, v.i. to seize on the rights of others: to intrude: to trespass.—n. '.—adv. '.—n. , act of encroaching: that which is taken by encroaching. [O. Fr. encrochier, to seize—en-, and croc, a hook.]

Encrust, en-krust′, Incrust, in-, v.t. to cover with a crust or hard coating: to form a crust on the surface of.—v.i. to form a crust.—n. , act of encrusting: a crust or layer of anything: an inlaying of marble, mosaic, &c. [Fr.,—L. incrustāre, -ātum—in, on, crusta, crust.]

Encumber, en-kum′bėr, v.t. to impede the motion of: to hamper: to embarrass: to burden: to load with debts.—ns. ', the act of encumbering: the state of being encumbered; ', that which encumbers or hinders: a legal claim on an estate: one dependent on another—e.g. 'a widow without encumbrances'=a widow without children; . [O. Fr. encombrer, from en-, and combrer.]

Encurtain, en-kur′tin, v.t. to curtain, to veil.

Encyclical, en-sik′lik-al, adj. sent round to many persons or places.—n. a letter addressed by the pope to all his bishops condemning current errors or advising the Christian people how to act in regard to great public questions.—Also . [Gr. engkyklios—en, in, kyklos, a circle.]

Encyclopædia, Encyclopedia, en-sī-klo-pē′di-a, n. the circle of human knowledge: a work containing information on every department, or on a particular department, of knowledge, generally in alphabetical order: a name specially given to the work of the French writers Diderot, D'Alembert, and others in the third quarter of the 18th century.—adjs. ', embracing the whole circle of learning; ', ', pertaining to an encyclopædia: full of information.—ns. ', knowledge of everything; , the compiler, or one who assists in the compilation, of an encyclopædia: esp. a writer for the French Encyclopédie (1751-65). [Formed from Gr. engkyklopaideia—engkyklios, circular, paideia, instruction.]

Encyst, en-sist′, v.t. or v.i. to enclose or become enclosed in a cyst or vesicle.—ns. ', '.—adj. .



End, end, n. the last point or portion: termination or close: death: consequence: object aimed at: a fragment.—v.t. to bring to an end: to destroy.—v.i. to come to an end: to cease.—n. ', that which ends all.—adj. ', brought to an end: having ends.—n. ', termination: conclusion: that which is at the end: (gram.) the terminating syllable or letter of a word.—adj. ', without end: everlasting: objectless.—adv. '.—n. '.—adv. ', lengthwise: continuously: on end.—adj. ', farthest.—n. ' (obs.) a village.—advs. ', , on the end: with the end forward.—End for end, with the position of the ends reversed; Endless screw, an arrangement for producing slow motion in machinery, consisting of a screw whose thread gears into a wheel with skew teeth; End on, having the end pointing directly to an object—(naut.) opp. to Broadside on: (min.) opp. to Face on.—A shoemaker's end, a waxed thread ending in a bristle.—At loose ends, in disorder; At one's wits' end, at the end of one's ability to decide or act.—Begin at the wrong end, to manage badly; Be the end of, to cause the death of.—Come to the end of one's tether, to go as far as one's powers permit.—Have at one's finger-ends, to be thoroughly acquainted, to have in perfect readiness.—In the end, after all: at last.—Latter end, the end of life.—Make both ends meet, to live within one's income (both ends meaning both ends of the year).—No end (coll.), very much, a great deal.—On end, erect.—Rope's end (see Rope). [A.S. ende; cf. Ger. and Dan. ende, Goth. andeis; Sans. ánta.]

Endamage, en-dam′āj, v.t. same as Damage.—n. , damage, injury, loss.

Endanger, en-dān′jėr, v.t. to place in danger: to expose to loss or injury.—ns. '; ', hazard, peril.

Endear, en-dēr′, v.t. to make dear or more dear.—adjs. ', beloved; '.—adv. '.—n. ', act of endearing: state of being endeared: that which excites or increases affection: a caress.

Endeavour, en-dev′ur, v.i. to strive to accomplish an object: to attempt or try.—v.t. to attempt.—n. an exertion of power towards some object: attempt or trial.—n.  (Spens.), endeavour.—Do one's endeavour, to do one's utmost. [Fr. en devoir—en, in (with force of 'to do' or 'make,' as in en-amour, en-courage), and devoir, duty.]

Endecagon, en-dek′a-gon, n. a plane figure of eleven sides—also '.—adjs. ', having eleven pistils; ', having eleven leaflets; ', having eleven syllables.

Endeictic, en-dīk′tik, adj. showing, exhibiting.—n. , an indication. [Gr.]

Endemic, -al, en-dem′ik, -al, Endemial, adj. peculiar to a people or a district, as a disease.—n. ', a disease affecting a number of persons simultaneously, in such manner as to show a distinct connection with certain localities.—adv. '.—ns. ', state of being endemic; ', knowledge of endemic diseases. [Gr. endēmios—en, in, and dēmos, a people, a district.]

Endenizen, en-den′i-zn, v.t. to naturalise, to make a denizen.

Endermic, -al, en-dėrm′ik, -al, adj. through or applied directly to the skin—also '.—n. ', the corium, derma, or true skin. [Gr. en, in, and derma, the skin.]

Endew, en-dū′, v.t. (obs.) to endow.—Also .

Endiron. See Andiron.

Endite, obsolete form of indite.

Endive, en′div, n. an annual or biennial plant of the same genus as chicory, used as a salad. [Fr.,—L. intubus.]

Endocardium, en-do-kar′di-um, n. the lining membrane of the heart.—adjs. ', '.—n. , disease of the internal surface of the heart, resulting in the deposit of fibrin on the valves. [Gr. endon, within, kardia, heart.]

Endocarp, en′do-kärp, n. the inner coat or shell of a fruit. [Gr. endon, within, and karpos, fruit.]

Endochrome, en′dō-krōm, n. the colouring matter, other than green, of vegetable cells, esp. of algæ: (zool.) the coloured endoplasm of a cell. [Gr. endon, within, chrōma, colour.]

Endoderm, en′do-derm, n. the inner layer of the Blastoderm (q.v.). [Gr. endon, within, derma, skin.]

Endogamy, en-dog′am-i, n. the custom forbidding a man to marry any woman who is not of his kindred.—adj. . [Gr. endon, within, gamos, marriage.]

Endogen, en′do-jen, n. a plant that grows from within, or by additions to the inside of the stem, as the palm, grasses, &c.—adj. , increasing by internal growth. [Gr. endon, within, and genēs, born.]

Endolymph, en′dō-limf, n. the fluid within the membranous labyrinth of the ear.

Endomorph, en′do-morf, n. a mineral enclosed within another mineral, the latter being termed a perimorph. [Gr. endon, within, morphē, form.]

Endophagy, en-dō′faj-i, n. in cannibalism, the practice of eating one of the same stock. [Gr. endon, within, phagos, an eater.]

Endoparasite, en-dō-par′a-sīt, n. an internal parasite.

Endophlœum, en-dō-flē′um, n. (bot.) the inner bark.

Endophyllous, en-dō-fil′us, adj. (bot.) being or formed within a sheath, as the young leaves of monocotyledons.

Endoplasm, en′dō-plazm, n. (bot.) the granular and fluid part of the protoplasm of a cell—opp. to Ectoplasm: (zool.) the interior protoplasm of a protozoan.—Also .

Endopleura, en-dō-plōō′ra, n. (bot.) the innermost coat of a seed.

Endorhizal, en-dō-rī′zal, adj. (bot.) having the radicle of the embryo enclosed within a sheath, as in endogenous plants.—Also .

Endorse, en-dors′, Indorse, in-, v.t. to write one's name on the back of: to assign by writing on the back of: to give one's sanction to: to lay on the back, to load.—adj. '.—ns. ', the person to whom a bill, &c., is assigned by endorsement; ', act of endorsing: that which is written on a bill: sanction; '. [Changed from M. E. endosse under the influence of Low L. indorsāre—in, on, dorsum, the back.]

Endoskeleton, en-dō-skel′e-ton, n. the internal skeleton or framework of the body.—adj. .

Endosmosis, en-dos-mō′sis, n. the passage of a fluid inwards through an organic membrane, to mix with another fluid inside—also '.—n. ', an instrument for measuring endosmotic action.—adjs. '; ', pertaining to or of the nature of endosmosis.—adv. . [Gr. endon, within, and ōsmos.]

Endosome, en′dō-sōm, n. the innermost part of the body of a sponge.—adj. .

Endosperm, en′dō-sperm, n. (bot.) the albumen of a seed.—adj. .

Endoss, en-dos′, v.t. (obs.) to endorse: (Spens.) to write. [M. E. endosse—O. Fr. endosser.]

Endosteum, en-dos′tē-um, n. (anat.) the internal periosteum.—adj. '.—n. ', inflammation of the endosteum.

Endostome, en′dō-stōm, n. (bot.) the foramen of the inner integument of an ovule: the inner peristome of mosses.

Endow, en-dow′, v.t. to give a dowry or marriage-portion to: to settle a permanent provision on: to enrich with any gift or faculty: to present.—ns. '; ', act of endowing: that which is settled on any person or institution: a quality or faculty bestowed on any one. [Fr. en (=L. in), douer, to endow—L. dotāre—dos, dotis, a dowry.]

Endue, en-dū′, Indue, in-, v.t. to put on, as clothes: to invest or clothe with: to supply with.—n. , adornment. [O. Fr. enduire—L. inducĕre—in, into, ducĕre, to lead. In certain senses the word is closely related to induĕre, to put on.]

Endure, en-dūr′, v.t. to remain firm under: to bear without sinking: to tolerate.—v.i. to remain firm: to last.—adj. ', that can be endured or borne.—n. '.—adv. '.—ns. ', state of enduring or bearing: continuance: a suffering patiently without sinking: patience; '.—adv. '. [O. Fr. endurer—L. indurāre—in, in, durus, hard.]

Endymion, en-dim′i-on, n. a beautiful youth whom Selene (the moon) wrapped in perpetual sleep that she might kiss him without his knowledge.

Ene, ēn, adv. (Spens.) once. [A.S. ǽne—án, one.]

Eneid, e-nē′id, n. Same as Æneid.

Enema, en′e-ma, or e-nē′ma, n. a liquid medicine thrown into the rectum: an injection. [Gr.,—enienai, to send in—en, in, and hienai, to send.]

Enemy, en′e-mi, n. one who hates or dislikes: a foe: a hostile army.—adj. (obs.) hostile.—How goes the enemy? (slang) what o'clock is it?—The Enemy, The old Enemy, the Devil; The last enemy, death. [O. Fr. enemi (mod. Fr. ennemi)—L. inimicus—in, neg., amicus, a friend.]

Enemy, a prov. form of anemone.

Energumen, en-er-gū′men, n. one possessed: a demoniac. [Low L.,—Gr. energoumenos—energein—en, in, ergon, work.]

Energy, en′ėr-ji, n. power of doing work: power exerted: vigorous operation: strength: (physics) the term, as applied to a material system, used to denote the power of doing work possessed by that system.—adjs. ', ', having or showing energy: active: forcible: effective.—adv. '.—n.pl. ', the science of the general laws of energy.—adj. ', exhibiting energy.—v.t. ', to give strength or active force to.—v.i. to act with force:—pr.p. pa.p. —Conservation of energy (see Conservation). [Gr. energeia—en, in, ergon, work.]

Enervate, en-ėr′vāt, v.t. to deprive of nerve, strength, or courage: to weaken.—adj. weakened: spiritless.—n. '.—adj. '.—v.t.  (obs.), to enervate. [L. enervāre, -ātum—e, out of, nervus, a nerve.]

Enew, e-nū′, v.t. in falconry, to drive back to the water: to pursue. [O. Fr. enewer—en, in, eau, water.]

Enfeeble, en-fē′bl, v.t. to make feeble: to weaken.—n. , weakening: weakness.

Enfelon, en-fel′on, v.t. (Spens.) to make fierce.

Enfeoff, en-fef′, v.t. to give a fief to: to invest with a possession in fee: to surrender.—n. , act of enfeoffing: the deed which invests with the fee of an estate. [O. Fr. enfeffer—en-, and fief. See Fief, Feoff.]

Enfest, en-fest, v.t. (Spens.). Same as Infest.

Enfetter, en-fet′ėr, v.t. (Shak.) to bind in fetters.

Enfierce, en-fērs′, v.t. (Spens.) to make fierce.

Enfilade, en-fi-lād′, n. a number of rooms with the doors opening into a common passage: a fire that rakes a line of troops, &c., from end to end; a situation or a body open from end to end.—v.t. to rake with shot through the whole length of a line. [Fr.,—enfiler—en (=L. in), and fil, a thread. See File, a line or wire.]

Enfiled, en-fīld′, p.adj. (her.) thrust through with a sword. [See Enfilade.]

Enfire, en-fīr′, v.t. (Spens.) to set on fire, inflame.

Enflesh, en-flesh′, v.t. to turn into flesh.

Enflower, en-flow′ėr, v.t. to cover with flowers.

Enfold, en-fōld′, Infold, in-, v.t. to wrap up.—n. , act of enfolding: that which enfolds.

Enforce, en-fōrs′, v.t. to gain by force: to give force to: to put in force: to give effect to: to urge: (Spens.) to attempt.—adj. '.—adv. ', by violence, not by choice.—n. , act of enforcing: compulsion: a giving effect to: that which enforces. [O. Fr. enforcer—en (=L. in), and force.]

Enforest, en-for′est, v.t. to turn into forest.

Enform, en-form′, v.t. (Spens.) to fashion.

Enfouldered, en-fowl′dėrd, p.adj. (Spens.) mixed with lightning or fire. [En, in, and O. Fr. fouldre (Fr. foudre)—L. fulgur, lightning, fulgĕre, to flash.]

Enframe, en-frām′, v.t. to put in a frame.

Enfranchise, en-fran′chiz, v.t. to set free: to give a franchise or political privileges to.—n. , act of enfranchising: liberation: admission to civil or political privileges. [O. Fr. enfranchir—en, and franc, free. See Franchise.]

Enfree, en-frē′, Enfreedom, en-frē′dum, v.t. (Shak.) to set free, to give freedom to.

Enfreeze, en-frēz′, v.t. (Spens.) to freeze: turn to ice:—pr.p. pa.p.

Engage, en-gāj′, v.t. to bind by a gage or pledge: to render liable: to gain for service: to enlist: to gain over: to betroth: (archit.) to fasten: to win: to occupy: to enter into contest with: (obs.) to entangle.—v.i. to pledge one's word: to become bound: to take a part: to enter into conflict.—p.adj. ', pledged: promised, esp. in marriage: greatly interested: occupied: (archit.) partly built or sunk into, or so appearing: geared together, interlocked.—n. ', act of engaging: state of being engaged: that which engages: betrothal: promise: employment: a fight or battle.—p.adj. ', winning: attractive.—adv. '.—Engage for, to answer for. [Fr. engager—en gage, in pledge. See Gage.]

Engaol, en-jāl′, v.t. (Shak.) to put in gaol.

Engarland, en-gär′land, v.t. to put a garland round.

Engarrison, en-gar′i-sn, v.t. to establish as a garrison.

Engender, en-jen′dėr, v.t. to beget: to bear: to breed: to sow the seeds of: to produce.—v.i. to be caused or produced.—ns. ', ', act of engendering: generation. [Fr. engendrer—L. ingenerāre—in, and generāre, to generate.]

Engild, en-gild′, v.t. (Shak.) to gild.

Engine, en′jin, n. a complex and powerful machine, esp. a prime mover: a military machine: anything used to effect a purpose: a device: contrivance: (obs.) ability, genius.—v.t. to contrive: to put into action.—ns. ', one who manages an engine, esp. who drives a locomotive; ', an engine maker or manager: one who directs works and engines: a soldier belonging to the division of the army called Engineers, consisting of men trained to engineering work.—v.i. to act as an engineer.—v.t. to arrange, contrive.—ns. ', the art or profession of an engineer; ', one who drives an engine; ', the room in a vessel in which the engines are placed; ', the art or business of managing engines: engines collectively: machinery; , a kind of ornament made by a rose-engine, as on the backs of watches, &c.—Civil engineer (see Civil). [O. Fr. engin—L. ingenium, skill. See Ingenious.]

Engird, en-gėrd′, v.t. to gird round.

Engirdle, en-gėrd′l, Engirt, v.t. to surround, as with a girdle: to encircle.

English, ing′glish, adj. belonging to England or its inhabitants.—n. the language of the people of England.—v.t. to translate a book into English: to make English.—ns. ', an Englishman; ', ', a native or naturalised inhabitant of England; ', the fact of being an Englishman; in Ireland, the population of English descent.—Old English, or Anglo-Saxon, the language spoken in England from 450 till about 1150; Middle English till 1500; Modern English from 1500 onwards (Early English often means Early Middle English; (archit.), see Early).—Presentment of Englishry, the offering of proof that a person murdered belonged to the English race, to escape the fine levied on the hundred or township for the murder of a Norman. [A.S. Englisc, from Engle, Angle, from the Angles who settled in Britain.]

Englobe, en-glōb′, v.t. to enclose as in a globe.

Engloom, en-glōōm′, v.t. to make gloomy.

Englut, en-glut′, v.t. to glut, to fill: to swallow.

Engore, en-gōr′, v.t. (Spens.) to gore: to wound.

Engorge, en-gorj′, v.t. (Spens.) to devour, to glut.—v.i. (Milton) to feed voraciously.—adj. ', filled to excess with blood.—n. ', the act of swallowing greedily: (med.) an obstruction of the vessels in some part of the system.

Engouement, ang-gōō′mang, n. excessive fondness. [Fr.]

Engouled, en-gōōld′, adj. (her.) of bends, crosses, &c., the extremities of which enter the mouths of animals.—Also .

Engrace, en-grās′, v.t. to put grace into.

Engraff, obsolete form of engraft.

Engraft, en-graft′, Ingraft, in-, v.t. to graft (a shoot of one tree) into another: to introduce something: to fix deeply.—ns. ', act of engrafting: ', engrafting: the thing engrafted: a scion.

Engrail, en-grāl′, v.t (her.) to make a border composed of a series of little semicircular indents: to make rough.—v.i. to form an edging or border: to run in indented lines.—n. , the ring of dots round the edge of a medal: (her.) indentation in curved lines. [O. Fr. engresler (Fr. engrêler)—gresle, hail. See Grail.]

Engrain, en-grān′, Ingrain, in-, v.t. to dye of a fast or lasting colour: to dye in the raw state: to infix deeply.—n. . [Orig. 'to dye in grain' (meaning with grain)—i.e. cochineal.]

Engrasp, en-grasp′, v.t. (Spens.) to grasp.

Engrave, en-grāv′, v.t. to cut out with a graver a representation of anything on wood, steel, &c.: to imprint: to impress deeply.—ns. '; ', the art of the engraver; , act or art of cutting or incising designs on metal, wood, &c., for the purpose of printing impressions from them in ink on paper, or other similar substance—in metal, the lines to be printed are sunk or incised; in wood, the lines to be printed appear in relief, the wood between them being cut away: an impression taken from an engraved plate: a print. [Fr. en (=L. in), and grave, v.]

Engrave, en-grāv′, v.t. to deposit in the grave.

Engrieve, en-grēv′, v.i. (Spens.) to grieve.

Engroove, en-grōōv′, Ingroove, in-, v.t. to cut a groove or furrow in: to make into a groove.

Engross, en-grōs′, v.t. to occupy wholly, monopolise: to absorb: to copy a writing in a large hand or in distinct characters: to write in legal form: to make gross.—ns. '; ', the conduct of those who buy merchandise in large quantities to obtain command of the market; , act of engrossing: that which has been engrossed: a fair copy.—Engrossing a deed, the writing it out in full and regular form on parchment or paper for signature. [From Fr. en gros, in large—L. in, in, grossus, large. See Gross.]

Enguard, en-gärd′, v.t. (Shak.) to guard or defend.

Enguiché, äng-gē-shā′, adj. (her.) having a different tincture inside the mouth, of trumpets, &c. [Fr.]

Engulf, en-gulf′, Ingulf, in-, v.t. to swallow up wholly, as in a gulf: to cast into a gulf: to overwhelm.—n. .

Engyscope, en′ji-skōp, n. a kind of reflecting microscope.—Also . [Gr. enggys, near, skopein, to view.]

Enhalo, en-hā′lō, v.t. to surround with a halo.

Enhance, en-hans′, v.t. to heighten: to add to, increase.—n. , act of enhancing: state of being enhanced: aggravation. [Prob. from O. Fr. enhaucer—L. in, and altus, high.]

Enharmonic, -al, en-har-mon′ik, -al, adj. pertaining to music constructed on a scale containing intervals less than a semitone: pertaining to that scale of music current among the Greeks, in which an interval of 2½ tones was divided into two quarter tones and a major third.—adv. . [L.,—Gr.,—en, in, harmonia, harmony.]

Enhearse, en-hėrs′, Inhearse, in-, v.t. to put in a hearse.

Enhearten, en-härt′n, v.t. to encourage: to cheer.

Enhunger, en-hung′gėr, v.t. to make hungry.

Enhydrous, en-hī′drus, adj. containing water or other fluid.—n. , a mineral containing water. [Gr. en, in, and hydōr, water.]

Enhypostatic, en-hī-pō-stat′ik, adj. possessing substantial or personal existence, possessing personality not independently but by union with a person.—n. '.—v.t. '.

Enigma, en-ig′ma, n. a statement with a hidden meaning to be guessed: anything very obscure: a riddle.—adjs. ', ', relating to, containing, or resembling an enigma: obscure: puzzling.—adv. '.—v.t. ', to utter or deal in riddles.—ns. ', one who enigmatises; ', science of enigmas and their solution. [L. ænigma—Gr. ainigma—ainissesthai, to speak darkly—ainos, a fable.]

Enisle, en-īl′, Inisle, in-, v.t. to isolate.

Enjambment, en-jamb′ment, n. in verse, the continuation of a sentence beyond the end of the line. [Fr.,—enjamber—en, in, jambe, leg.]

Enjoin, en-join′, v.t. to lay upon, as an order: to order or direct with authority or urgency.—n. . [Fr. enjoindre—L. injungĕre—in, and jungĕre, to join.]

Enjoy, en-joi′, v.t. to joy or delight in: to feel or perceive with pleasure: to possess or use with satisfaction or delight: to have the use of: to have sexual intercourse with.—adj. ', capable of being enjoyed or of giving joy.—n. ', state or condition of enjoying: satisfactory possession or use of anything; pleasure: happiness. [O. Fr. enjoier, to give joy to—en (=L. in), and joie, joy; or O. Fr. enjoir, to enjoy—en, and joir—L. gaudēre, to rejoice.]

Enkernel, en-kėr′nel, v.t. to enclose in a kernel.

Enkindle, en-kin′dl, v.t. to kindle or set on fire: to inflame: to rouse.—p.adj. .

Enlace, en-lās′, v.t. to encircle, surround: to embrace.—n. .

Enlard, en-lärd′, v.t. (Shak.) to grease, to baste.

Enlarge, en-lärj′, v.t. to make larger: to increase in size or quantity: to expand: to amplify discourse: to set free.—v.i. to grow large or larger: to be diffuse in speaking or writing: to expatiate.—adj. '.—adv. '.—ns. '; ', act of enlarging: state of being enlarged: increase: extension: diffuseness of speech or writing: a setting at large: release. [O. Fr. enlarger—en (=L. in), large, large.]

Enlevement, en-lēv′ment, n. (Scots law) abduction of a woman or child.

Enlighten, en-līt′n, v.t. to lighten or shed light on: to make clear to the mind: to impart knowledge to: to elevate by knowledge or religion—(obs.) '.—n. ', act of enlightening: state of being enlightened: the spirit of the French philosophers of the 18th century.

Enlink, en-lingk′, v.t. to connect closely.

Enlist, en-list′, v.t. to enrol: to engage as a soldier, &c.: to employ in advancing an object.—v.i. to engage in public service, esp. as a soldier: to enter heartily into a cause.—n. , act of enlisting: state of being enlisted.

Enliven, en-līv′n, v.t. to put life into: to excite or make active: to make sprightly or cheerful: to animate.—ns. '; '.

Enlock, en-lok′, v.t. to lock up, enclose.

Enlumine, en-lōō′min, v.t. (Spens.). See Illumine.

Enmarble, en-mär′bl, v.t. (Spens.) to turn to marble, to harden.

Enmesh, en-mesh′, Emmesh, em-, Immesh, im-, v.t. to catch in a mesh or net, to entangle.

Enmew, en-mū′, v.t. (Shak.) to coop up, as in a cage.

Enmity, en′mi-ti, n. the quality of being an enemy: unfriendliness: ill-will: hostility. [O. Fr. enemistié—L. inimicus. See Enemy.]

Enmossed, en-most′, p.adj. covered with moss.

Enmove, en-mōōv′, v.t. Same as Emmove.

Enmure. Same as Immure.

Ennea, en′ē-a, a prefix in words of Greek origin, signifying nine.—n. ', the number nine, a system of nine objects.—adj. '.—n. ', a polygon with nine angles.—adjs. '; ', having nine pistils or styles; ', having nine faces.—n. ', the ninth Linnæan class of plants, with nine stamens.—adjs. '; ', nine-leaved; ', having nine seeds.

Ennoble, en-nō′bl, v.t. to make noble: to elevate, distinguish: to raise to nobility.—n. , the act of making noble: that which ennobles. [Fr. ennoblir—Fr. en (=L. in), and noble.]

Ennui, äng-nwē′, n. a feeling of weariness or disgust from satiety, &c.: the occasion of ennui.—v.t. to weary: to bore.—adj. Ennuyé bored. [Fr.,—O. Fr. anoi—L. in odio, as in odio habeo, lit. 'I hold in hatred,' i.e. I am tired of. See Annoy.]

Enodal, ē-nō′dal, adj. without nodes.

Enomoty, e-nom′ō-ti, n. a band of sworn soldiers, esp. the smallest Spartan subdivision. [Gr.]

Enormous, e-nor′mus, adj. excessive: immense: atrocious—(obs.) '.—n. ', state or quality of being enormous: that which is enormous: a great crime: great wickedness.—adv. '.—n. '. [L. enormis—e, out of, norma, rule.]

Enorthotrope, en-or′thō-trōp, n. a toy consisting of a card on which confused objects are transformed into various pictures, by causing it to revolve rapidly. [Gr. en, in, orthos, upright, tropos, turning.]

Enough, e-nuf′, adj. sufficient: giving content: satisfying want.—adv. sufficiently.—n. sufficiency: as much as satisfies desire or want. [A.S. ge-nóh, ge-nóg; Goth. ga-nóhs; Ger. ge-nug; Ice. g-nóg-r.]

Enounce, e-nowns′, v.t. to enunciate: to proclaim: to utter or articulate. [Fr. énoncer—L. enuntiāre.]

Enow=Enough, but often used as its plural.

Enow, e-now′, adv. just now: (Scot.) soon. [Contr. from 'even now.']

En passant, äng pas′ang, adv. in passing: by the way. [Fr.]

Enquire. See Inquire.

Enrace, en-rās′, v.t. (Spens.) to give race or origin to.

Enrage, en-rāj′, v.t. to make angry.—p.adj. ', angered: furious.—n. ', act of enraging, state of being enraged, excitement. [O. Fr. enrager—en (=L. in), and rage, rage.]

Enrange, en-rānj′, v.t. (Spens.) to arrange: to rove over.

Enrank, en-rangk′, v.t. (Shak.) to place in order.

Enrapture, en-rap′tūr, v.t. to put in rapture: to transport with pleasure or delight.—p.adjs. ', ', delighted: transported.

Enravish, en-rav′ish, v.t. (Spens.) to enrapture.

Enregiment, en-rej′i-ment, v.t. to form in a regiment.

Enregister, en-rej′is-tėr, v.t. to register: to enrol.

Enrich, en-rich′, v.t. to make rich: to fertilise: to adorn: to enhance.—n. , act of enriching; that which enriches.

Enridge, en-rij′, v.t. (Shak.) to form into ridges.

Enring, en-ring′, v.t. to encircle: to put a ring on.

Enrobe, en-rōb′, v.t. to dress, clothe, or invest.

Enrol, Enroll, en-rōl′, v.t. to insert in a roll or register: to enlist: to record: to leave in writing:—pr.p. pa.p. —ns. '; ', act of enrolling: that in which anything is enrolled: a register. [O. Fr. enroller (Fr. enrôler)—en, and rolle, roll.]

Enroot, en-rōōt′, v.t. to fix by the root: to implant firmly: (Shak.) to join firmly, as root by root.

Enrough, en-ruf′, v.t. to make rough.

Enround, en-rownd′, v.t. (Shak.) to surround.

Ens, enz, n. an entity, as opposed to an attribute. [A late pr.p. form, from L. esse, to be.]

Ensample, en-sam′pl, n. example.—v.t. to give an example of. [O. Fr. essample. See Example.]

Ensanguine, en-sang′gwin, v.t. to stain or cover with blood.—p.adj. , bloody.

Ensate, en′sāt, adj. ensiform.

Enschedule, en-shed′ūl, v.t. (Shak.) to insert in a schedule.

Ensconce, en-skons′, v.t. to cover or protect as with a sconce or earth-work: to hide safely.

Enseal, en-sēl′, v.t. to put one's seal to: to seal up.

Enseam, en-sēm′, v.t. to mark as with a seam.

Enseam, en-sēm′, v.t. to cover with grease. [Seam, grease.]

Enseam, en-sēm′, v.t. (Spens.) to contain. [Der. obscure; cf. Ice. semja, to put together.]

Ensear, en-sēr′, v.t. (Shak.) to dry up.

Ensemble, äng-sangb′l, n. all the parts of a thing taken together.—Tout ensemble, general appearance or effect. [Fr. ensemble, together—L. in, in, simul, at the same time.]

Ensepulchre, en-sep′ul-kėr, v.t. to put in a sepulchre.

Ensew (Spens.). Same as Ensue.

Enshield, en-shēld′, v.t. to shield or protect.—adj. (Shak.) shielded or protected.

Enshrine, en-shrīn′, v.t. to enclose in or as in a shrine: to preserve with affection.

Enshroud, en-shrowd′, v.t. to cover with a shroud: to cover up.

Ensiform, en′si-form, adj. having the shape of a sword. [L. ensis, a sword, and forma, form.]

Ensign, en′sīn, n. a sign or mark: the sign or flag distinguishing a nation or a regiment: one who carries the colours: until 1871, the title given to officers of the lowest commissioned rank in the British infantry.—ns. '; ', , the rank or commission of an ensign in the army. [O. Fr. enseigne—L. insignia, pl. of insigne, a distinctive mark—in, and signum, a mark.]

Ensilage, en′sil-āj, n. the storing of green fodder, &c., in pits.—v.t. , to store by ensilage. [Fr.,—Sp. en, and silo—L.,—Gr. siros, pit for corn.]

Ensky, en-skī′, v.t. (Shak.) to place in the sky.

Enslave, en-slāv′, v.t. to make a slave of: to subject to the influence of.—p.adj. '.—ns. ', act of enslaving: state of being enslaved: slavery: bondage; .

Ensnare, en-snār′, Insnare, in-, v.t. to catch in a snare: to entrap: to entangle.

Ensnarl, en-snärl′, v.t. (Spens.) to entangle.

Ensorcell, en-sōr′sel, v.t. to bewitch. [O. Fr. ensorceler—en, and sorcier, a sorceror.]

Ensoul, en-sōl′, Insoul, in-, v.t. to join with the soul: to animate as a soul.

Ensphere, en-sfēr′, Insphere, in-, v.t. to enclose in a sphere: to give a spherical form.

Enstamp, en-stamp′, v.t. to mark as with a stamp.

Ensteep, en-stēp′, v.t. to steep: to lay under water.

Enstyle, en-stīl′, v.t. to style, call.

Ensue, en-sū′, v.i. to follow, to come after: to result (with from).—v.t. (B., arch.) to follow after:—pr.p. pa.p.  [O. Fr. ensuir (Fr. ensuivre)—L. in, after, sequi, to follow.]

Ensure, en-shōōr′, v.t. to make sure. [See Insure.]

Enswathe, en-swāth′, Inswathe, in-, v.t. to wrap in a swathe.—n. .

Ensweep, en-swēp′, v.t. to sweep over.

Entablature, en-tab′lat-ūr, n. that part of a design in classic architecture which surmounts the columns and rests upon the capitals. [Prob. through Fr. from It. intavolatura—in, in, tavola, a table.]

Entail, en-tāl′, v.t. (Spens.) to carve. [O. Fr. entailler—Low L. en, into, taleāre, to cut.]

Entail, en-tāl′, v.t. to settle an estate on a series of heirs, so that the immediate possessor may not dispose of it: to bring on as an inevitable consequence:—pr.p. pa.p. —n. an estate entailed: the rule of descent of an estate.—ns. '; ', act of entailing: state of being entailed. [O. Fr. entailler, to cut into—en, in, into, tailler, to cut—L. talea, a twig.]

Ental, en′tal, adj. internal. [Gr. entos, within.]

Entame, en-tām′, v.t. (Shak.) to tame.

Entangle, en-tang′gl, v.t. to twist into a tangle, or so as not to be easily separated: to involve in complications: to perplex: to ensnare.—n. , a confused state: perplexity.

Entasis, en′ta-sis, n. (archit.) the swelling outline of the shaft of a column—also ': constrictive or tonic spasm.—adj. '. [Gr.,—en, in, teinein, to stretch.]

Entelechy, en-tel′ek-i, n. (phil.) actuality: distinctness of realised existence. [Gr. entelecheia—en, in, telos, perfection, echein, to have.]

Entellus, en-tel′us, n. the hanuman of India.

Entender, en-tend′ėr, v.t. to make tender: to weaken.

Enter, en′tėr, v.i. to go or come in: to penetrate: to engage in: to form a part of.—v.t. to come or go into: to join or engage in: to begin: to put into: to enrol or record: to cause to be inscribed, as a boy's name at school, a horse for a race, &c.—n. (Shak.) ingoing.—adj. '.—ns. ', a passage between two rooms; '; '.—Enter a protest, to write it in the books: thence simply, to protest; Enter into, to become a party to: to be interested in: to be part of; Enter on, to begin: to engage in. [Fr. entrer—L. intrare, to go into, related to inter, between.]

Enterdeal, obsolete form of interdeal.

Enteric, en-ter′ik, adj. of or pertaining to the intestines.—ns. ', description of the intestinal glands; ', the branch of anatomy relating to the intestinal glands; ', intestinal neuralgia; ', inflammation of the intestines; ', a hernial tumour containing part of the intestines; ', inflammation of the stomach and bowels; ', ', an intestinal concretion or calculus; ', a treatise on the internal parts of the body; ', the entire intestine or alimentary canal:—pl. '; ', disease of the intestines; ', a class of worm-like animals, having the paired respiratory pouches opening from the front part of the alimentary canal; ', dissection or incision of the intestines. [Gr. enterikos—enteron, intestine.]

Enterprise, en′tėr-prīz, n. that which is attempted: a bold or dangerous undertaking: an adventure: daring.—v.t. to undertake.—n. ', an adventurer.—p.adj. ', forward in undertaking: adventurous.—adv. . [O. Fr. entreprise, pa.p. of entreprendre—entre, in, prendre—L. prehendĕre, to seize.]

Entertain, en-tėr-tān′, v.t. to receive and treat hospitably: to hold the attention of and amuse by conversation: to amuse: to receive and take into consideration: to keep or hold in the mind: to harbour.—n. '.—p.adj. ', affording entertainment: amusing.—adv. '.—n. ', act of entertaining: hospitality at table: that which entertains: the provisions of the table: a banquet: amusement: a performance which delights. [Fr. entretenir—L. inter, among, tenēre, to hold.]

Entertake, en-tėr-tāk′, v.t. (Spens.) to entertain.

Entertissue. See Intertissue.

Entheasm, en′thē-azm, n. divine inspiration, ecstasy.—adj. '.—adv. '.

Enthelmintha, en-thel-min′tha, n.pl. a general name of intestinal worms.

Enthral, en-thrawl′, Inthral, in-, v.t. to bring into thraldom or bondage: to enslave: to shackle.—ns. ', condition of being enthralled; ', act of enthralling: slavery.

Enthrone, en-thrōn′, v.t. to place on a throne: to exalt to the seat of royalty: to install as a bishop: to exalt.—ns. ', ', the act of enthroning or of being enthroned.—v.t. , to enthrone, as a bishop: to exalt.

Enthusiasm, en-thū′zi-azm, n. intense interest: intensity of feeling: passionate zeal.—n. ', one inspired by enthusiasm: one who admires or loves intensely.—adjs. ', ', filled with enthusiasm; zealous: ardent.—adv. '. [Through L., from Gr. enthusiasmos, a god-inspired zeal—enthousiazein, to be inspired by a god—en, in, theos, a god.]

Enthymeme, en′thi-mēm, n. (rhet.) an argument consisting of only two propositions, an antecedent and a consequent: a syllogism in which the major proposition is suppressed.—adj. . [From L. from Gr. enthymēma, a consideration—enthymeesthai, to consider—en, in, thymos, the mind.]

Entice, en-tīs′, v.t. to induce by exciting hope or desire: to tempt: to lead astray.—adj. '.—ns. ', act of enticing: that which entices or tempts: allurement; '.—p.adj. '.—adv. . [O. Fr. enticier, provoke; prob. related to L. titio, a firebrand.]

Entire, en-tīr′, adj. whole: complete: unmingled: not castrated, specially of a horse.—n. the whole: completeness: a stallion: porter or stout as delivered from the brewery.—adv. '.—ns. ', , completeness: the whole.—In its entirety, in its completeness. [O. Fr. entier—L. integer, whole, from in, not, tangĕre, to touch.]

Entitle, en-tī′tl, v.t. to give a title to: to style: to give a claim to. [O. Fr. entiteler—Low L. intitulāre—in, in, titulus, title.]

Entity, en′ti-ti, n. being: existence: a real substance. [Low L. entitat-em—ens (q.v.).]

Entoblast, en′tō-blast, n. the nucleolus of a cell.

Entocele, en′tō-sēl, n. morbid displacement of parts.

Entoil, en-toil′, v.t. to entangle or ensnare.

Entomb, en-tōōm′, v.t. to place in a tomb: to bury.—n. , burial. [O. Fr. entoumber—en, in, tombe, a tomb.]

Entomology, en-to-mol′o-ji, n. the science which treats of insects.—adjs. ', ', relating to insects.—n. ', descriptive entomology.—adj. ', insect-like.—n. ', a fossil insect.—adj. '.—adv. '.—v.t. '.—ns. ', one learned in entomology.—n.pl. ', a sub-section of Hymenoptera terebrantia, or boring hymenopterous insects.—adjs. ', ', insectivorous; ', insect-loving—of such flowers as are specially adapted for fertilisation by the agency of insects.—ns. ', preparation of insects for preservation; '; ', dissection of insects. [Gr. entoma, insects, logia, a discourse, phagein, to eat, philein, to love, taxis, arrangement, temnein, to cut.]