CIA World Fact Book, 2004/Tokelau


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!| Background:
 * Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925.
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!| Location: !| Geographic coordinates: !| Map references: !| Area: water: 0 sq km land: 10 sq km !| Area - comparative: !| Land boundaries: !| Coastline: !| Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone: 200 nm !| Climate: !| Terrain: !| Elevation extremes: highest point: unnamed location 5 m !| Natural resources: !| Land use: permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001) !| Irrigated land: !| Natural hazards: !| Environment - current issues: !| Geography - note:
 * Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
 * 9 00 S, 172 00 W
 * Oceania
 * total: 10 sq km
 * about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
 * 0 km
 * 101 km
 * territorial sea: 12 nm
 * tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November)
 * low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons
 * lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
 * NEGL
 * arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile)
 * NA sq km
 * lies in Pacific typhoon belt
 * very limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand
 * consists of three atolls, each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over three meters above sea level
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!| Population: !| Age structure: 15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5% (2004 est.) !| Population growth rate: !| Birth rate: !| Death rate: !| Net migration rate: !| Sex ratio: !| Infant mortality rate: male: NA female: NA !| Life expectancy at birth: male: 68 years female: 70 years (2004 est.) !| Total fertility rate: !| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: !| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: !| HIV/AIDS - deaths: !| Nationality: adjective: Tokelauan !| Ethnic groups: !| Religions: note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant !| Languages: !| Literacy:
 * 1,405 (July 2004 est.)
 * 0-14 years: 42%
 * -0.01% (2004 est.)
 * NA births/1,000 population
 * NA deaths/1,000 population
 * NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
 * NA
 * total: NA
 * total population: NA years
 * NA children born/woman
 * NA
 * NA
 * NA
 * noun: Tokelauan(s)
 * Polynesian
 * Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2%
 * Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English
 * NA
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!| Country name: conventional short form: Tokelau !| Dependency status: !| Government type: !| Capital: !| Administrative divisions: !| Independence: !| National holiday: !| Constitution: !| Legal system: !| Suffrage: !| Executive branch: elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term head of government: Aliki Faipule Kuresa NASAU (since 2004) note - position rotates annually among members of the cabinet cabinet: the Council of Faipule, consisting of three elected leaders - one from each atoll - functions as a cabinet !| Legislative branch: !| Judicial branch: !| Political parties and leaders: !| Political pressure groups and leaders: !| International organization participation: !| Diplomatic representation in the US: !| Diplomatic representation from the US: !| Flag description:
 * conventional long form: none
 * self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelauans are drafting a constitution and developing institutions and patterns of self-government as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand
 * NA
 * none; each atoll has its own administrative center
 * none (territory of New Zealand)
 * none (territory of New Zealand)
 * Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
 * administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948, as amended in 1970
 * New Zealand and local statutes
 * 21 years of age; universal
 * chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by Administrator Neil WALTER (since NA 2002)
 * unicameral General Fono (48 seats; 15 members from each of the three islands elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms and the 3 island village mayors [pulenuku]); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono
 * Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau
 * none
 * none
 * UNESCO (associate), UPU
 * none (territory of New Zealand)
 * none (territory of New Zealand)
 * the flag of New Zealand is used
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!| Economy - overview: !| GDP: !| GDP - real growth rate: !| GDP - per capita: !| GDP - composition by sector: industry: NA services: NA !| Population below poverty line: !| Household income or consumption by percentage share: highest 10%: NA !| Inflation rate (consumer prices): !| Labor force: !| Unemployment rate: !| Budget: expenditures: $2.8 million, including capital expenditures of $37,300 (1987 est.) !| Agriculture - products: !| Industries: !| Industrial production growth rate: !| Electricity - production: !| Electricity - consumption: !| Exports: !| Exports - commodities: !| Exports - partners: !| Imports: !| Imports - commodities: !| Imports - partners: !| Debt - external: !| Economic aid - recipient: !| Currency: !| Currency code: !| Exchange rates: !| Fiscal year:
 * Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services, with annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand.
 * purchasing power parity - $1.5 million (1993 est.)
 * NA
 * purchasing power parity - $1,000 (1993 est.)
 * agriculture: NA
 * NA
 * lowest 10%: NA
 * NA
 * NA
 * NA
 * revenues: $430,800
 * coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats
 * small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing
 * NA
 * NA kWh
 * NA kWh
 * $98,000 f.o.b. (1983)
 * stamps, copra, handicrafts
 * New Zealand (2000)
 * $323,000 c.i.f. (1983)
 * foodstuffs, building materials, fuel
 * New Zealand (2000)
 * $0
 * from New Zealand about $4 million annually
 * New Zealand dollar (NZD)
 * NZD
 * New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.7229 (2003), 2.154 (2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999)
 * 1 April - 31 March
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!| Telephones - main lines in use: !| Telephones - mobile cellular: !| Telephone system: domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: country code - 690; radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations, established in 1997 !| Radio broadcast stations: note: each atoll has a radio broadcast station of unknown type that broadcasts shipping and weather reports (1998) !| Radios: !| Internet country code: !| Internet Service Providers (ISPs): !| Internet users:
 * 300 (2002)
 * 0 (2001)
 * general assessment: adequate
 * AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA
 * 1,000 (1997)
 * .tk
 * 1 (2000)
 * NA
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!| Highways: paved: NA km unpaved: NA km !| Ports and harbors: !| Merchant marine: !| Airports:
 * total: NA km
 * none; offshore anchorage only
 * none
 * none; lagoon landings are possible by amphibious aircraft (2003 est.)
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!| Military - note:
 * defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
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