CIA World Fact Book, 2004/Spratly Islands


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!| Background:
 * The Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs. They are surrounded by rich fishing grounds and potentially by gas and oil deposits. They are claimed in their entirety by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam, while portions are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines. About 45 islands are occupied by relatively small numbers of military forces from China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam. Brunei has established a fishing zone that overlaps a southern reef, but has not made any formal claim.
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!| Location: !| Geographic coordinates: !| Map references: !| Area: note: includes 100 or so islets, coral reefs, and sea mounts scattered over an area of nearly 410,000 sq km of the central South China Sea water: 0 sq km land: less than 5 sq km !| Area - comparative: !| Land boundaries: !| Coastline: !| Maritime claims: !| Climate: !| Terrain: !| Elevation extremes: highest point: unnamed location on Southwest Cay 4 m !| Natural resources: !| Land use: permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001) !| Irrigated land: !| Natural hazards: !| Environment - current issues: !| Geography - note:
 * Southeastern Asia, group of reefs and islands in the South China Sea, about two-thirds of the way from southern Vietnam to the southern Philippines
 * 8 38 N, 111 55 E
 * Southeast Asia
 * total: less than 5 sq km
 * NA
 * 0 km
 * 926 km
 * NA
 * tropical
 * flat
 * lowest point: South China Sea 0 m
 * fish, guano, undetermined oil and natural gas potential
 * arable land: 0%
 * 0 sq km (1998 est.)
 * typhoons; serious maritime hazard because of numerous reefs and shoals
 * NA
 * strategically located near several primary shipping lanes in the central South China Sea; includes numerous small islands, atolls, shoals, and coral reefs
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!| Population: note: there are scattered garrisons occupied by personnel of several claimant states (July 2004 est.)
 * no indigenous inhabitants
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!| Country name: conventional short form: Spratly Islands
 * conventional long form: none
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!| Economy - overview:
 * Economic activity is limited to commercial fishing. The proximity to nearby oil- and gas-producing sedimentary basins suggests the potential for oil and gas deposits, but the region is largely unexplored; there are no reliable estimates of potential reserves; commercial exploitation has yet to be developed.
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!| Ports and harbors: !| Airports: !| Airports - with paved runways: 914 to 1,523 m: 1 less than 914 m: 1 (2004 est.) !| Airports - with unpaved runways: 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)
 * none; offshore anchorage only
 * 3 (2003 est.)
 * total: 2
 * total: 1
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!| Military - note:
 * Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs, of which about 45 are claimed and occupied by China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam
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