CIA World Fact Book, 2004/Norfolk Island


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!| Background:
 * Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions.
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!| Location: !| Geographic coordinates: !| Map references: !| Area: water: 0 sq km land: 34.6 sq km !| Area - comparative: !| Land boundaries: !| Coastline: !| Maritime claims: exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm !| Climate: !| Terrain: !| Elevation extremes: highest point: Mount Bates 319 m !| Natural resources: !| Land use: permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001) !| Irrigated land: !| Natural hazards: !| Environment - current issues: !| Geography - note:
 * Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia
 * 29 02 S, 167 57 E
 * Oceania
 * total: 34.6 sq km
 * about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC
 * 0 km
 * 32 km
 * territorial sea: 12 nm
 * subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation
 * volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains
 * lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
 * fish
 * arable land: 0%
 * NA sq km
 * typhoons (especially May to July)
 * NA
 * most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated
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!| Population: !| Age structure: 15-64 years: 63.9% 65 years and over: 15.9% (2004 est.) !| Population growth rate: !| Birth rate: !| Death rate: !| Net migration rate: !| Sex ratio: !| Infant mortality rate: male: NA female: NA !| Life expectancy at birth: male: NA years female: NA years !| Total fertility rate: !| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: !| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: !| HIV/AIDS - deaths: !| Nationality: adjective: Norfolk Islander(s) !| Ethnic groups: !| Religions: !| Languages: !| Literacy:
 * 1,841 (July 2004 est.)
 * 0-14 years: 20.2%
 * -0.01% (2004 est.)
 * NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
 * NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
 * NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
 * NA
 * total: NA
 * total population: NA years
 * NA children born/woman (2004 est.)
 * NA
 * NA
 * NA
 * noun: Norfolk Islander(s)
 * descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians
 * Anglican 37.4%, Uniting Church in Australia 14.5%, Roman Catholic 11.5%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3.1%, none 12.2%, unknown 17.4%, other 3.9% (1996)
 * English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian
 * NA
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!| Country name: conventional short form: Norfolk Island !| Dependency status: !| Government type: !| Capital: !| Administrative divisions: !| Independence: !| National holiday: !| Constitution: !| Legal system: !| Suffrage: !| Executive branch: election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - NA elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004) head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001) cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator !| Legislative branch: elections: last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9 !| Judicial branch: !| Political parties and leaders: !| Political pressure groups and leaders: !| International organization participation: !| Diplomatic representation in the US: !| Diplomatic representation from the US: !| Flag description:
 * conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island
 * territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories
 * NA
 * Kingston
 * none (territory of Australia)
 * none (territory of Australia)
 * Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856)
 * Norfolk Island Act of 1979
 * based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law
 * 18 years of age; universal
 * chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003)
 * unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms)
 * Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions
 * none
 * none
 * UPU
 * none (territory of Australia)
 * none (territory of Australia)
 * three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band
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!| Economy - overview: !| GDP: !| GDP - real growth rate: !| GDP - per capita: !| GDP - composition by sector: industry: NA services: NA !| Population below poverty line: !| Household income or consumption by percentage share: highest 10%: NA !| Inflation rate (consumer prices): !| Labor force: !| Labor force - by occupation: !| Unemployment rate: !| Budget: expenditures: $4.8 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY92/93) !| Agriculture - products: !| Industries: !| Industrial production growth rate: !| Electricity - production: !| Electricity - consumption: !| Exports: !| Exports - commodities: !| Exports - partners: !| Imports: !| Imports - commodities: !| Imports - partners: !| Debt - external: !| Economic aid - recipient: !| Currency: !| Currency code: !| Exchange rates: !| Fiscal year:
 * Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs.
 * purchasing power parity - NA
 * NA
 * purchasing power parity - NA
 * agriculture: NA
 * NA
 * lowest 10%: NA
 * NA
 * NA
 * tourism NA, subsistence agriculture NA
 * NA
 * revenues: $4.6 million
 * Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry
 * tourism
 * NA
 * NA kWh
 * NA kWh
 * $1.5 million f.o.b. (FY91/92)
 * postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados
 * Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe
 * $17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92)
 * NA
 * Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe
 * NA
 * NA
 * Australian dollar (AUD)
 * AUD
 * Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999)
 * 1 July - 30 June
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!| Telephones - main lines in use: !| Telephones - mobile cellular: !| Telephone system: domestic: NA international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia, New Zealand, and Canada; satellite service planned for near future !| Radio broadcast stations: !| Radios: !| Television broadcast stations: !| Televisions: !| Internet country code: !| Internet Service Providers (ISPs): !| Internet users:
 * 2,532; note: a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004)
 * 0 (proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum) (2002)
 * general assessment: adequate
 * AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)
 * 2,500 (1996)
 * 1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (1998)
 * 1,200 (1996)
 * .nf
 * 2 (2000)
 * NA
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!| Highways: paved: 53 km unpaved: 27 km (2001) !| Ports and harbors: !| Merchant marine: !| Airports: !| Airports - with paved runways: 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
 * total: 80 km
 * none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade
 * none
 * 1 (2003 est.)
 * total: 1
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!| Military - note:
 * defense is the responsibility of Australia
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