CIA World Fact Book, 2004/Micronesia, Federated States of


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!| Background:
 * In 1979 the Federated States of Micronesia, a UN Trust Territory under US administration, adopted a constitution. In 1986 independence was attained under a Compact of Free Association with the US, which was amended and renewed in 2003. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and overdependence on US aid.
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!| Location: !| Geographic coordinates: !| Map references: !| Area: note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Chuuk (Truk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae (Kosaie) water: 0 sq km (fresh water only) land: 702 sq km !| Area - comparative: !| Land boundaries: !| Coastline: !| Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone: 200 nm !| Climate: !| Terrain: !| Elevation extremes: highest point: Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m !| Natural resources: !| Land use: permanent crops: 45.71% other: 48.58% (2001) !| Irrigated land: !| Natural hazards: !| Environment - current issues: !| Environment - international agreements: signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements !| Geography - note:
 * Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia
 * 6 55 N, 158 15 E
 * Oceania
 * total: 702 sq km
 * four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only)
 * 0 km
 * 6,112 km
 * territorial sea: 12 nm
 * tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage
 * islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Chuuk
 * lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
 * forests, marine products, deep-seabed minerals
 * arable land: 5.71%
 * NA sq km
 * typhoons (June to December)
 * overfishing, climate change, pollution
 * party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection
 * four major island groups totaling 607 islands
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!| Population: !| Age structure: 15-64 years: 59.2% (male 32,055; female 31,927) 65 years and over: 3.1% (male 1,505; female 1,845) (2004 est.) !| Population growth rate: !| Birth rate: !| Death rate: !| Net migration rate: !| Sex ratio: !| Infant mortality rate: male: 34.45 deaths/1,000 live births female: 27.95 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.) !| Life expectancy at birth: male: 67.68 years female: 71.29 years (2004 est.) !| Total fertility rate: !| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: !| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: !| HIV/AIDS - deaths: !| Nationality: adjective: Micronesian; Chuukese, Kosraen(s), Pohnpeian(s), Yapese !| Ethnic groups: !| Religions: !| Languages: !| Literacy: total population: 89% male: 91% female: 88% (1980 est.)
 * 108,155 (July 2004 est.)
 * 0-14 years: 37.7% (male 20,830; female 19,993)
 * -0.02% (2004 est.)
 * 25.8 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
 * 4.97 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
 * -20.99 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
 * 1.05 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
 * total: 31.28 deaths/1,000 live births
 * total population: 69.44 years
 * 3.37 children born/woman (2004 est.)
 * NA
 * NA
 * NA
 * noun: Micronesian(s)
 * nine ethnic Micronesian and Polynesian groups
 * Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 47%
 * English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi
 * definition: age 15 and over can read and write
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!| Country name: conventional short form: none abbreviation: FSM former: Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands) !| Government type: !| Capital: !| Administrative divisions: !| Independence: !| National holiday: !| Constitution: !| Legal system: !| Suffrage: !| Executive branch: head of government: President Joseph J. URUSEMAL (since 11 May 2003); Vice President Redley KILLION (11 May 2003); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet elections: president and vice president elected by Congress from among the four senators at large for four-year terms; election last held 11 May 2003 (next to be held NA May 2007); note - a proposed constitutional amendment to establish popular elections for president and vice president failed election results: Joseph J. URUSEMAL elected president; percent of Congress vote - NA; Redley KILLION elected vice president; percent of Congress vote - NA !| Legislative branch: elections: elections for four-year term seats last held 4 March 2003 (next to be held NA March 2007); elections for two-year term seats last held 4 March 2003 (next to be held NA March 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 14 !| Judicial branch: !| Political parties and leaders: !| International organization participation: !| Diplomatic representation in the US: telephone: [1] (202) 223-4383 consulate(s) general: Honolulu and Tamuning (Guam) FAX: [1] (202) 223-4391 chancery: 1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 !| Diplomatic representation from the US: embassy: 101 Upper Pics Road, Kolonia mailing address: P. O. Box 1286, Kolonia, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia 96941 telephone: [691] 320-2187 FAX: [691] 320-2186 !| Flag description:
 * conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia
 * constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force 3 November 1986 and the Amended Compact entered into force May 2004
 * Palikir
 * 4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap
 * 3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship)
 * Constitution Day, 10 May (1979)
 * 10 May 1979
 * based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws
 * 18 years of age; universal
 * chief of state: President Joseph J. URUSEMAL (since 11 May 2003); Vice President Redley KILLION (11 May 2003); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
 * unicameral Congress (14 seats; four - one elected from each state to serve four-year terms and 10 - elected from single-member districts delineated by population to serve two-year terms; members elected by popular vote)
 * Supreme Court
 * no formal parties
 * ACP, AsDB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IMF, IOC, ITU, MIGA, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO
 * chief of mission: Ambassador Jesse Bibiano MAREHALAU
 * chief of mission: Ambassador Suzanne K. HALE
 * light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern
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!| Economy - overview: !| GDP: note: GDP is supplemented by grant aid, averaging perhaps $100 million annually (2002 est.) !| GDP - real growth rate: !| GDP - per capita: !| GDP - composition by sector: industry: 4% services: 46% (2000 est.) !| Population below poverty line: !| Household income or consumption by percentage share: highest 10%: NA !| Inflation rate (consumer prices): !| Labor force: !| Labor force - by occupation: !| Unemployment rate: !| Budget: expenditures: $160 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1998 est.) !| Agriculture - products: !| Industries: !| Industrial production growth rate: !| Electricity - production: !| Electricity - consumption: !| Exports: !| Exports - commodities: !| Exports - partners: !| Imports: !| Imports - commodities: !| Imports - partners: !| Debt - external: !| Economic aid - recipient: !| Currency: !| Currency code: !| Exchange rates: !| Fiscal year:
 * Economic activity consists primarily of subsistence farming and fishing. The islands have few mineral deposits worth exploiting, except for high-grade phosphate. The potential for a tourist industry exists, but the remote location, a lack of adequate facilities, and limited air connections hinder development. In November 2002, the country experienced a further reduction in future revenues from the Compact of Free Association - the agreement with the US in which Micronesia received $1.3 billion in financial and technical assistance over a 15-year period until 2001. The country's medium-term economic outlook appears fragile due not only to the reduction in US assistance but also to the slow growth of the private sector. Geographical isolation and a poorly developed infrastructure remain major impediments to long-term growth.
 * purchasing power parity - $277 million
 * 1% (2002 est.)
 * purchasing power parity - $2,000 (2002 est.)
 * agriculture: 50%
 * 26.7%
 * lowest 10%: NA
 * 1% (2002 est.)
 * NA (2000 est.)
 * two-thirds are government employees
 * 16% (1999 est.)
 * revenues: $161 million ($69 million less grants)
 * black pepper, tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, cassava (tapioca), betel nuts, sweet potatoes; pigs, chickens
 * tourism, construction, fish processing, specialized aquaculture, craft items from shell, wood, and pearls
 * NA
 * NA kWh
 * NA kWh
 * $22 million (f.o.b.) (FY99/00 est.)
 * fish, garments, bananas, black pepper
 * Japan, US, Guam (2000)
 * $149 million f.o.b. (FY99/00 est.)
 * food, manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, beverages
 * US, Australia, Japan (2000)
 * $53.1 million (FY02/03 est.)
 * under terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US pledged $1.3 billion in grant aid during the period 1986-2001
 * US dollar (USD)
 * USD
 * the US dollar is used
 * 1 October - 30 September
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!| Telephones - main lines in use: !| Telephones - mobile cellular: !| Telephone system: domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes), satellite (Intelsat) ground stations, and some coaxial and fiber-optic cable; cellular service available on Kosrae, Pohnpei, and Yap international: country code - 691; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2002) !| Radio broadcast stations: !| Radios: !| Television broadcast stations: !| Televisions: !| Internet country code: !| Internet Service Providers (ISPs): !| Internet users:
 * 10,100 (2001)
 * 1,800 (2002)
 * general assessment: adequate system
 * AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004)
 * 9,400 (1996)
 * 3; note - cable TV also available (2004)
 * 2,800 (1999)
 * .fm
 * 1 (2000)
 * 6,000 (2002)
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!| Highways: paved: 42 km unpaved: 198 km (1999 est.) !| Ports and harbors: !| Merchant marine: !| Airports: !| Airports - with paved runways: 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2004 est.)
 * total: 240 km
 * Colonia (Yap), Kolonia (Pohnpei), Lele, Moen
 * none (2004 est.)
 * 6 (2003 est.)
 * total: 6
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!| Military - note:
 * Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is a sovereign, self-governing state in free association with the US; FSM is totally dependent on the US for its defense
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