CIA World Fact Book, 2004/Denmark


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!| Background:
 * Once the seat of Viking raiders and later a major north European power, Denmark has evolved into a modern, prosperous nation that is participating in the general political and economic integration of Europe. It joined NATO in 1949 and the EEC (now the EU) in 1973. However, the country has opted out of certain elements of the European Union's Maastricht Treaty, including the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), European defense cooperation, and issues concerning certain justice and home affairs.
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!| Location: !| Geographic coordinates: !| Map references: !| Area: water: 700 sq km note: includes the island of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea and the rest of metropolitan Denmark (the Jutland Peninsula, and the major islands of Sjaelland and Fyn), but excludes the Faroe Islands and Greenland land: 42,394 sq km !| Area - comparative: !| Land boundaries: border countries: Germany 68 km !| Coastline: !| Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation !| Climate: !| Terrain: !| Elevation extremes: highest point: Yding Skovhoej 173 m !| Natural resources: !| Land use: permanent crops: 0.19% other: 45.79% (2001) !| Irrigated land: !| Natural hazards: !| Environment - current issues: !| Environment - international agreements: signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea !| Geography - note:
 * Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, on a peninsula north of Germany (Jutland); also includes two major islands (Sjaelland and Fyn)
 * 56 00 N, 10 00 E
 * Europe
 * total: 43,094 sq km
 * slightly less than twice the size of Massachusetts
 * total: 68 km
 * 7,314 km
 * territorial sea: 12 nm
 * temperate; humid and overcast; mild, windy winters and cool summers
 * low and flat to gently rolling plains
 * lowest point: Lammefjord -7 m
 * petroleum, natural gas, fish, salt, limestone, chalk, stone, gravel and sand
 * arable land: 54.02%
 * 4,760 sq km (1998 est.)
 * flooding is a threat in some areas of the country (e.g., parts of Jutland, along the southern coast of the island of Lolland) that are protected from the sea by a system of dikes
 * air pollution, principally from vehicle and power plant emissions; nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of the North Sea; drinking and surface water becoming polluted from animal wastes and pesticides
 * party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
 * controls Danish Straits (Skagerrak and Kattegat) linking Baltic and North Seas; about one-quarter of the population lives in greater Copenhagen
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!| Population: !| Age structure: 15-64 years: 66.2% (male 1,808,376; female 1,774,388) 65 years and over: 15% (male 344,113; female 465,207) (2004 est.) !| Median age: male: 38.3 years female: 40.2 years (2004 est.) !| Population growth rate: !| Birth rate: !| Death rate: !| Net migration rate: !| Sex ratio: under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2004 est.) !| Infant mortality rate: female: 4.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.) male: 4.65 deaths/1,000 live births !| Life expectancy at birth: male: 75.17 years female: 79.83 years (2004 est.) !| Total fertility rate: !| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: !| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: !| HIV/AIDS - deaths: !| Nationality: adjective: Danish !| Ethnic groups: !| Religions: !| Languages: note: English is the predominant second language !| Literacy: total population: 100% male: NA female: NA
 * 5,413,392 (July 2004 est.)
 * 0-14 years: 18.9% (male 523,888; female 497,420)
 * total: 39.2 years
 * 0.35% (2004 est.)
 * 11.59 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
 * 10.53 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
 * 2.48 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
 * at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
 * total: 4.63 deaths/1,000 live births
 * total population: 77.44 years
 * 1.74 children born/woman (2004 est.)
 * 0.2% (2003 est.)
 * 5,000 (2003 est.)
 * less than 100 (2003 est.)
 * noun: Dane(s)
 * Scandinavian, Inuit, Faroese, German, Turkish, Iranian, Somali
 * Evangelical Lutheran 95%, other Protestant and Roman Catholic 3%, Muslim 2%
 * Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic (an Inuit dialect), German (small minority)
 * definition: age 15 and over can read and write
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!| Country name: conventional short form: Denmark local short form: Danmark local long form: Kongeriget Danmark !| Government type: !| Capital: !| Administrative divisions: note: see separate entries for the Faroe Islands and Greenland, which are part of the Kingdom of Denmark and are self-governing overseas administrative divisions !| Independence: !| National holiday: !| Constitution: !| Legal system: !| Suffrage: !| Executive branch: head of government: Prime Minister Anders Fogh RASMUSSEN (since 27 November 2001) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister and approved by Parliament elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch !| Legislative branch: elections: last held 20 November 2001 (next to be held 8 February 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - Liberal Party 31%, Social Democrats 29%, Danish People's Party 12%, Conservative Party 9%, Socialist People's Party 6%, Social Liberal Party 5%, Christian People's Party (now Christian Democrats) 2%, Unity List 2%; seats by party - Liberal Party 56, Social Democrats 52, Danish People's Party 22, Conservative Party 16, Socialist People's Party 12, Social Liberal Party 9, Christian People's Party (now Christian Democrats) 4, Unity List 4; note - does not include the 2 seats from Greenland and the 2 seats from the Faroe Islands !| Judicial branch: !| Political parties and leaders: !| Political pressure groups and leaders: !| International organization participation: !| Diplomatic representation in the US: consulate(s) general: Chicago and New York FAX: [1] (202) 328-1470 telephone: [1] (202) 234-4300 chancery: 3200 Whitehaven Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 !| Diplomatic representation from the US: embassy: Dag Hammarskjolds Alle 24, 2100 Copenhagen mailing address: PSC 73, APO AE 09716 telephone: [45] 35 55 31 44 FAX: [45] 35 43 02 23 !| Flag description:
 * conventional long form: Kingdom of Denmark
 * constitutional monarchy
 * Copenhagen
 * metropolitan Denmark - 14 counties (amter, singular - amt) and 2 boroughs* (amtskommuner, singular - amtskommune); Arhus, Bornholm, Frederiksberg*, Frederiksborg, Fyn, Kobenhavn, Kobenhavns*, Nordjylland, Ribe, Ringkobing, Roskilde, Sonderjylland, Storstrom, Vejle, Vestsjalland, Viborg
 * first organized as a unified state in 10th century; in 1849 became a constitutional monarchy
 * none designated; Constitution Day, 5 June is generally viewed as the National Day
 * 5 June 1849 adoption of original constitution; a major overhaul of 5 June 1953 allowed for a unicameral legislature and a female chief of state
 * civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
 * 18 years of age; universal
 * chief of state: Queen MARGRETHE II (since 14 January 1972); Heir Apparent Crown Prince FREDERIK, elder son of the monarch (born 26 May 1968)
 * unicameral Parliament or Folketing (179 seats, including 2 from Greenland and 2 from the Faroe Islands; members are elected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms)
 * Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the monarch for life)
 * Center Democratic Party [Mimi JAKOBSEN]; Christian Democrats (was Christian People's Party) [Marianne KARLSMOSE]; Conservative Party (sometimes known as Conservative People's Party) [Bendt BENDTSEN]; Danish People's Party [Pia KJAERSGAARD]; Liberal Party [Anders Fogh RASMUSSEN]; Social Democratic Party [Mogens LYKKETOFT]; Social Liberal Party (sometimes called the Radical Left) [Marianne JELVED, leader; Soren BALD, chairman]; Socialist People's Party [Holger K. NIELSEN]; Red-Green Unity List (bloc includes Left Socialist Party, Communist Party of Denmark, Socialist Workers' Party) [collective leadership]
 * NA
 * AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, ESA, EU, FAO, G- 9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MIGA, MONUC, NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIK, UNMIL, UNMISET, UNMOGIP, UNOMIG, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WEU (observer), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
 * chief of mission: Ambassador Ulrik Andreas FEDERSPIEL
 * chief of mission: Ambassador Stuart A. BERNSTEIN; note - will leave 15 January 2005
 * red with a white cross that extends to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side, and that design element of the Dannebrog (Danish flag) was subsequently adopted by the other Nordic countries of Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden
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!| Economy - overview: !| GDP: !| GDP - real growth rate: !| GDP - per capita: !| GDP - composition by sector: industry: 22.1% services: 75.9% (2003 est.) !| Investment (gross fixed): !| Population below poverty line: !| Household income or consumption by percentage share: highest 10%: 24% (2000 est.) !| Distribution of family income - Gini index: !| Inflation rate (consumer prices): !| Labor force: !| Labor force - by occupation: !| Unemployment rate: !| Budget: expenditures: $116 billion, including capital expenditures of $500 million (2003 est.) !| Public debt: !| Agriculture - products: !| Industries: !| Industrial production growth rate: !| Electricity - production: !| Electricity - consumption: !| Electricity - exports: !| Electricity - imports: !| Oil - production: !| Oil - consumption: !| Oil - exports: !| Oil - imports: !| Oil - proved reserves: !| Natural gas - production: !| Natural gas - consumption: !| Natural gas - exports: !| Natural gas - imports: !| Natural gas - proved reserves: !| Current account balance: !| Exports: !| Exports - commodities: !| Exports - partners: !| Imports: !| Imports - commodities: !| Imports - partners: !| Reserves of foreign exchange & gold: !| Debt - external: !| Economic aid - donor: !| Currency: !| Currency code: !| Exchange rates: !| Fiscal year:
 * This thoroughly modern market economy features high-tech agriculture, up-to-date small-scale and corporate industry, extensive government welfare measures, comfortable living standards, a stable currency, and high dependence on foreign trade. Denmark is a net exporter of food and energy and enjoys a comfortable balance of payments surplus. Government objectives include streamlining the bureaucracy and further privatization of state assets. The government has been successful in meeting, and even exceeding, the economic convergence criteria for participating in the third phase (a common European currency) of the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), but Denmark has decided not to join 12 other EU members in the euro; even so, the Danish Krone remains pegged to the euro. Given the sluggish state of the European economy, growth in 2003 was a mere 0.3%.
 * purchasing power parity - $167.2 billion (2003 est.)
 * 0% (2003 est.)
 * purchasing power parity - $31,100 (2003 est.)
 * agriculture: 2%
 * 19.9% of GDP (2003)
 * NA
 * lowest 10%: 2%
 * 24.7 (1992)
 * 2.1% (2003 est.)
 * 2.863 million (2003 est.)
 * agriculture 4%, industry 17%, services 79% (2002 est.)
 * 6.1% (2003)
 * revenues: $118.5 billion
 * 45% of GDP (2003)
 * barley, wheat, potatoes, sugar beets; pork, dairy products; fish
 * food processing, machinery and equipment, textiles and clothing, chemical products, electronics, construction, furniture and other wood products, shipbuilding, windmills
 * 0.3% (2003 est.)
 * 35.47 billion kWh (2001)
 * 32.41 billion kWh (2001)
 * 8.775 billion kWh (2001)
 * 8.199 billion kWh (2001)
 * 346,200 bbl/day (2001 est.)
 * 218,000 bbl/day (2001 est.)
 * 332,100 bbl/day (2001)
 * 195,000 bbl/day (2001)
 * 1.23 billion bbl (1 January 2002)
 * 8.38 billion cu m (2001 est.)
 * 5.28 billion cu m (2001 est.)
 * 3.1 billion cu m (2001 est.)
 * 0 cu m (2001 est.)
 * 81.98 billion cu m (1 January 2002)
 * $6.397 billion (2003)
 * $64.16 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)
 * machinery and instruments, meat and meat products, dairy products, fish, chemicals, furniture, ships, windmills
 * Germany 18.7%, Sweden 12.6%, UK 8.5%, US 6.2%, Norway 5.7%, France 5.1%, Netherlands 4.7% (2003)
 * $54.47 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)
 * machinery and equipment, raw materials and semimanufactures for industry, chemicals, grain and foodstuffs, consumer goods
 * Germany 23.1%, Sweden 13%, UK 7%, Netherlands 6.9%, France 4.9%, Norway 4.5%, Italy 4.1% (2003)
 * $37.98 billion (2003)
 * $21.7 billion (2000)
 * ODA, $1.63 billion (1999)
 * Danish krone (DKK)
 * DKK
 * Danish kroner per US dollar - 6.5877 (2003), 7.8947 (2002), 8.3228 (2001), 8.0831 (2000), 6.9762 (1999)
 * calendar year
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!| Telephones - main lines in use: !| Telephones - mobile cellular: !| Telephone system: domestic: buried and submarine cables and microwave radio relay form trunk network, 4 cellular mobile communications systems international: country code - 45; 18 submarine fiber-optic cables linking Denmark with Canada, Faroe Islands, Germany, Iceland, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden, and UK; satellite earth stations - 6 Intelsat, 10 Eutelsat, 1 Orion, 1 Inmarsat (Blaavand-Atlantic-East); note - the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) share the Danish earth station and the Eik, Norway, station for worldwide Inmarsat access (1997) !| Radio broadcast stations: !| Radios: !| Television broadcast stations: !| Televisions: !| Internet country code: !| Internet hosts: !| Internet Service Providers (ISPs): !| Internet users:
 * 3,610,100 (2003)
 * 4,785,300 (2003)
 * general assessment: excellent telephone and telegraph services
 * AM 2, FM 355, shortwave 0 (1998)
 * 6.02 million (1997)
 * 26 (plus 51 repeaters) (1998)
 * 3.121 million (1997)
 * .dk
 * 1,219,925 (2004)
 * 13 (2000)
 * 2.756 million (2002)
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!| Railways: standard gauge: 3,002 km 1.435-m gauge (595 km electrified) (2003) !| Highways: paved: 71,591 km (including 880 km of expressways) unpaved: 0 km (2000) !| Waterways: !| Pipelines: !| Ports and harbors: !| Merchant marine: registered in other countries: 284 (2004 est.) foreign-owned: Germany 1, Greece 1, Indonesia 2, Norway 5 by type: bulk 4, cargo 77, chemical tanker 36, container 83, liquefied gas 15, livestock carrier 5, petroleum tanker 27, rail car carrier 1, refrigerated cargo 8, roll on/roll off 11, short-sea/passenger 5, specialized tanker 4 !| Airports: !| Airports - with paved runways: over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 7 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 12 under 914 m: 3 (2004 est.) !| Airports - with unpaved runways: 914 to 1,523 m: 6 under 914 m: 63 (2004 est.)
 * total: 3,002 km
 * total: 71,591 km
 * 417 km (2001)
 * condensate 12 km; gas 3,892 km; oil 455 km; oil/gas/water 2 km; unknown (oil/water) 64 km (2004)
 * Aabenraa, Aalborg, Aarhus, Copenhagen, Esbjerg, Fredericia, Frederikshavn, Hirtshals, Kolding, Odense, Roenne (Bornholm), Vejle
 * total: 276 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 6,952,473 GRT/9,030,444 DWT
 * 99 (2003 est.)
 * total: 28
 * total: 69
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!| Military branches: !| Military manpower - military age and obligation: !| Military manpower - availability: !| Military manpower - fit for military service: !| Military manpower - reaching military age annually: !| Military expenditures - dollar figure: !| Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
 * Royal Danish Army, Royal Danish Navy, Royal Danish Air Force, Home Guard
 * 18 years of age for compulsory and volunteer military service; conscripts serve an initial training period that varies from 4 to 12 months according to specialization; reservists are assigned to mobilization units following completion of their conscript service (2004)
 * males age 15-49: 1,276,087 (2004 est.)
 * males age 15-49: 1,088,751 (2004 est.)
 * males: 30,333 (2004 est.)
 * $3,271.6 million (2003)
 * 1.6% (2003)
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