CIA World Fact Book, 2004/Bermuda


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!| Background:
 * Bermuda was first settled in 1609 by shipwrecked English colonists headed for Virginia. Tourism to the island to escape North American winters first developed in Victorian times. Tourism continues to be important to the island's economy, although international business has overtaken it in recent years. Bermuda has developed into a highly successful offshore financial center. A referendum on independence was soundly defeated in 1995.
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!| Location: !| Geographic coordinates: !| Map references: !| Area: water: 0 sq km land: 53.3 sq km !| Area - comparative: !| Land boundaries: !| Coastline: !| Maritime claims: exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm !| Climate: !| Terrain: !| Elevation extremes: highest point: Town Hill 76 m !| Natural resources: !| Land use: permanent crops: 0% other: 80% (55% developed, 45% rural/open space) (2001) !| Irrigated land: !| Natural hazards: !| Environment - current issues: !| Geography - note:
 * North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of South Carolina (US)
 * 32 20 N, 64 45 W
 * North America
 * total: 53.3 sq km
 * about one-third the size of Washington, DC
 * 0 km
 * 103 km
 * territorial sea: 12 nm
 * subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter
 * low hills separated by fertile depressions
 * lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
 * limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism
 * arable land: 20%
 * NA sq km
 * hurricanes (June to November)
 * asbestos disposal; water pollution; preservation of open space; sustainable development
 * consists of about 138 coral islands and islets with ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; some land was leased by US Government from 1941 to 1995
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!| Population: !| Age structure: 15-64 years: 69.3% (male 22,268; female 22,703) 65 years and over: 11.7% (male 3,295; female 4,291) (2004 est.) !| Median age: male: 38.3 years female: 40.1 years (2004 est.) !| Population growth rate: !| Birth rate: !| Death rate: !| Net migration rate: !| Sex ratio: under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2004 est.) !| Infant mortality rate: female: 7.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.) male: 10.45 deaths/1,000 live births !| Life expectancy at birth: male: 75.54 years female: 79.7 years (2004 est.) !| Total fertility rate: !| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: !| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: !| HIV/AIDS - deaths: !| Nationality: adjective: Bermudian !| Ethnic groups: !| Religions: !| Languages: !| Literacy: total population: 98% male: 98% female: 99% (1970 est.)
 * 64,935 (July 2004 est.)
 * 0-14 years: 19.1% (male 6,192; female 6,186)
 * total: 39.2 years
 * 0.68% (2004 est.)
 * 11.83 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
 * 7.55 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
 * 2.49 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
 * at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female
 * total: 8.79 deaths/1,000 live births
 * total population: 77.6 years
 * 1.9 children born/woman (2004 est.)
 * NA
 * NA
 * NA
 * noun: Bermudian(s)
 * black 58%, white 36%, other 6%
 * non-Anglican Protestant 39%, Anglican 27%, Roman Catholic 15%, other 19%
 * English (official), Portuguese
 * definition: age 15 and over can read and write
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!| Country name: conventional short form: Bermuda former: Somers Islands !| Dependency status: !| Government type: !| Capital: !| Administrative divisions: !| Independence: !| National holiday: !| Constitution: !| Legal system: !| Suffrage: !| Executive branch: head of government: Premier Alex SCOTT (since 24 July 2003); Deputy Premier Ewart BROWN cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor !| Legislative branch: elections: last general election held 24 July 2003 (next to be held NA July 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - PLP 51.7%, UBP 48%; seats by party - PLP 22, UBP 14 !| Judicial branch: !| Political parties and leaders: !| Political pressure groups and leaders: !| International organization participation: !| Diplomatic representation in the US: !| Diplomatic representation from the US: consulate(s) general: Crown Hill, 16 Middle Road, Devonshire DVO3 mailing address: P. O. Box HM325, Hamilton HMBX; American Consulate General Hamilton, Department of State, 5300 Hamilton Place, Washington, DC 20520-5300 telephone: [1] (441) 295-1342 FAX: [1] (441) 295-1592, [1] (441) 296-9233 !| Flag description:
 * conventional long form: none
 * overseas territory of the UK
 * parliamentary British overseas territory with internal self-government
 * Hamilton
 * 9 parishes and 2 municipalities*; Devonshire, Hamilton, Hamilton*, Paget, Pembroke, Saint George*, Saint George's, Sandys, Smith's, Southampton, Warwick
 * none (overseas territory of the UK)
 * Bermuda Day, 24 May
 * 8 June 1968, amended 1989 and 2003
 * English law
 * 18 years of age; universal
 * chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Sir John VEREKER (since NA April 2002)
 * bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (an 11-member body appointed by the governor, the premier, and the opposition) and the House of Assembly (36 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve up to five-year terms)
 * Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrate Courts
 * Gombey Liberation Party or GLP [Gavin Sundjata SMITH]; National Liberal Party or NLP [Dessaline WALDRON]; Progressive Labor Party or PLP [William Alexander SCOTT]; United Bermuda Party or UBP [Grant GIBBONS];
 * Bermuda Employer's Union [Eddie SAINTS]; Bermuda Industrial Union or BIU [Derrick BURGESS]; Bermuda Public Services Union or BPSU [Ed BALL]; Bermuda Union of Teachers [Michael CHARLES]
 * Caricom (associate), ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), IOC, UPU, WCO, Egmont Group, Caribbean Financial Action Task Force
 * none (overseas territory of the UK)
 * chief of mission: Deputy Chief of Mission Antoinette BOECKER
 * red, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (white and green shield with a red lion holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the flag
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!| Economy - overview: !| GDP: !| GDP - real growth rate: !| GDP - per capita: !| GDP - composition by sector: industry: 10% services: 89% (2002 est.) !| Population below poverty line: !| Household income or consumption by percentage share: highest 10%: NA !| Inflation rate (consumer prices): !| Labor force: !| Labor force - by occupation: !| Unemployment rate: !| Budget: expenditures: $594.6 million, including capital expenditures of $55 million (FY03/04) !| Agriculture - products: !| Industries: !| Industrial production growth rate: !| Electricity - production: !| Electricity - consumption: !| Electricity - exports: !| Electricity - imports: !| Oil - production: !| Oil - consumption: !| Oil - exports: !| Oil - imports: !| Exports: !| Exports - commodities: !| Exports - partners: !| Imports: !| Imports - commodities: !| Imports - partners: !| Debt - external: !| Economic aid - recipient: !| Currency: !| Currency code: !| Exchange rates: !| Fiscal year:
 * Bermuda enjoys one of the highest per capita incomes in the world, equal to that of the US. Its economy is primarily based on providing financial services for international business and luxury facilities for tourists. The effects of 11 September 2001 have had both positive and negative ramifications for Bermuda. On the positive side, a number of new reinsurance companies have located on the island, contributing to the expansion of an already robust international business sector. On the negative side, Bermuda's tourism industry - which derives over 80% of its visitors from the US - was severely hit as American tourists chose not to travel. Tourism rebounded somewhat in 2002-03. Most capital equipment and food must be imported. Bermuda's industrial sector is small, although construction continues to be important; the average cost of a house in June 2003 had risen to $976,000. Agriculture is limited, only 6% of the land being arable.
 * purchasing power parity - $2.33 billion (2003 est.)
 * 2% (2003 est.)
 * purchasing power parity - $36,000 (2003 est.)
 * agriculture: 1%
 * 19% (2000)
 * lowest 10%: NA
 * 3.3% (mid-2003 est.)
 * 37,470 (2000)
 * agriculture and fishing 3%, laborers 17%, clerical 22%, professional and technical 17%, administrative and managerial 13%, sales 8%, services 20% (2000 est.)
 * 5% (2002 est.)
 * revenues: $671.1 million
 * bananas, vegetables, citrus, flowers; dairy products
 * tourism, international business, light manufacturing
 * NA
 * 643.7 million kWh (2001)
 * 598.6 million kWh (2001)
 * 0 kWh (2001)
 * 0 kWh (2001)
 * 0 bbl/day (2001 est.)
 * 4,000 bbl/day (2001 est.)
 * NA (2001)
 * NA (2001)
 * $879 million (2002)
 * reexports of pharmaceuticals
 * France 62%, Norway 13.8%, UK 7.5% (2003)
 * $5.523 billion (2002)
 * machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, chemicals, food and live animals
 * Kazakhstan 46.7%, France 32.5%, US 8.5% (2003)
 * $160 million (FY99/00)
 * NA
 * Bermudian dollar (BMD)
 * BMD
 * Bermudian dollar per US dollar - 1.0000 (fixed rate pegged to the US dollar)
 * 1 April - 31 March
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!| Telephones - main lines in use: !| Telephones - mobile cellular: !| Telephone system: domestic: modern, fully automatic telephone system international: country code - 1-441; 3 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) !| Radio broadcast stations: !| Radios: !| Television broadcast stations: !| Televisions: !| Internet country code: !| Internet hosts: !| Internet Service Providers (ISPs): !| Internet users:
 * 56,000 (2002)
 * 37,873 (2003)
 * general assessment: good
 * AM 5, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)
 * 82,000 (1997)
 * 4 (2003)
 * 66,000 (1997)
 * .bm
 * 5,161 (2001)
 * 20 (2000)
 * 34,500 (2003)
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!| Highways: paved: 450 km note: public roads - 209 km; private roads - 241 km (2002) unpaved: 0 km !| Ports and harbors: !| Merchant marine: foreign-owned: Croatia 5, Germany 2, Greece 21, Hong Kong 9, Indonesia 1, Sweden 6, Switzerland 1, United Kingdom 33, United States 12 registered in other countries: 2 (2004 est.) by type: bulk 25, cargo 4, container 17, liquefied gas 9, passenger 6, petroleum tanker 9, refrigerated cargo 11, roll on/roll off 10, short-sea/passenger 3 !| Airports: !| Airports - with paved runways: 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)
 * total: 450 km
 * Hamilton, Saint George's, Dockyard
 * total: 94 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 4,845,326 GRT/6,501,782 DWT
 * 1 (2003 est.)
 * total: 1
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!| Military branches: !| Military expenditures - dollar figure: !| Military expenditures - percent of GDP: !| Military - note:
 * Bermuda Regiment
 * $4.03 million (2001)
 * 0.11% (FY00/01)
 * defense is the responsibility of the UK
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