A Critical Exposition of the Popular 'Jihád'/Appendix A/1

[Sidenote: Jihád or Jihd does not mean war or crusade.]

1. The popular word "Jihád" or Jihd, occurring in several passages of the Koran, and generally construed by Christians and Moslems alike as meaning hostility or the waging of war against infidels, does not classically or literally signify war, warfare, hostility or fighting, and is never used in such a sense in the Koran. The Arabic terms for warfare or fighting are Harab and Kitál.